X-ray diffraction observation of charge density wave order at zero magnetic field in ortho-II YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6.54}$

Abstract

X-ray diffraction measurements show that the high-temperature superconductor YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_{6.54}$, with ortho-II oxygen order, has charge density wave order (CDW) in the absence of an applied magnetic field. The dominant wavevector of the CDW is ${\mathbf{q}}_{\mathrm{CDW}}=(0,0.328(2),0.5)$, with the in-plane component parallel to the $\mathbf{b}$-axis (chain direction). It has a similar incommensurability to that observed in ortho-VIII and ortho-III samples, which have different dopings and oxygen orderings. Our results for ortho-II contrast with recent high-field NMR measurements, which suggest a commensurate wavevector along the $\mathbf{a}$-axis. We discuss the relationship between spin and charge correlations in YBa${}_2$Cu${}_3$O${}_y$, and recent high-field quantum oscillation, NMR and ultrasound experiments.

Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. More data along the a-axis direction is included in this version 2

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