Superconductivity above a quantum critical point in a metal -- gap closing vs gap filling, Fermi arcs, and pseudogap behavior

Abstract

We consider a quantum-critical metal with interaction mediated by fluctuations of a critical order parameter. This interaction gives rise to two competing tendencies -- pairing and non-Fermi liquid behavior. Due to competition, the pairing develops below a finite $T_p$, however its prominent feedback on the fermionic self-energy develops only at a lower $T_{cross}$. At $T<T_{cross}$ the system behavior is similar to that of a BCS supercoductor -- the density of states (DOS) and the spectral function (SF) have sharp gaps which close as $T$ increases. At higher $T_{cross}<T<T_p$ the DOS has a dip, which {\it fills in} with increasing $T$. The SF in this region shows either the same behavior as the DOS, or has a peak at $\omega =0$ (the Fermi arc), depending on the position on the Fermi surface. We argue that phase fluctuations are strong in this $T$ range, and the actual $T_c\sim T_{cross}$, while $T_p$ marks the onset of pseugogap behavior. We compare our theory with the behavior of optimally doped cuprates.

arXiv comment6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRL

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