Detection of a Thermal Spectral Component in the Prompt Emission of GRB 100724B

Abstract

Observations of GRB 100724B with the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) find that the spectrum is dominated by the typical Band functional form, which is usually taken to represent a non-thermal emission component, but also includes a statistically highly significant thermal spectral contribution. The simultaneous observation of the thermal and non-thermal components allows us to confidently identify the two emission components. The fact that these seem to vary independently favors the idea that the thermal component is of photospheric origin while the dominant non-thermal emission occurs at larger radii. Our results imply either a very high efficiency for the non-thermal process, or a very small size of the region at the base of the flow, both quite challenging for the standard fireball model. These problems are resolved if the jet is initially highly magnetized and has a substantial Poynting flux.

arXiv comment6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters November, 23 2010 (Submitted October, 20 2010)

References in corpus (25)

• The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• Gamma-Ray Bursts and the Fireball Model
• Theories of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The BATSE Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Catalog. I. High Time Resolution Spectroscopy of Bright Bursts using High Energy Resolution Data
• Dissipative Photosphere Models of Gamma-ray Bursts and X-ray Flashes
• Steep Slopes and Preferred Breaks in GRB Spectra: the Role of Photospheres and Comptonization
• Fermi Observations of GRB 090902B: A Distinct Spectral Component in the Prompt and Delayed Emission
• The Complete Spectral Catalog of Bright BATSE Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The Synchrotron Shock Model Confronts a `Line of Death' in the BATSE Gamma-Ray Burst Data
• Fermi Observations of GRB 090510: A Short Hard Gamma-Ray Burst with an Additional, Hard Power-Law Component from 10 keV to GeV Energies
• Identification and properties of the photospheric emission in GRB090902B
• BATSE Observations of Gamma-Ray Burst Spectra. II. Peak Energy Evolution in Bright, Long Bursts -
• The Cooling Behavior of Thermal Pulses in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Is Thermal Emission in Gamma-Ray Bursts Ubiquitous?
• Evidence of an initially magnetically dominated outflow in GRB 080916C
• Evolution of the Low-Energy Photon Spectra in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Quasi-blackbody component and radiative efficiency of the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts
• A new method of determining the initial size and Lorentz factor of gamma-ray burst fireballs using a thermal emission component
• The expected thermal precursors of gamma-ray bursts in the internal shock model
• Extremely hard GRB spectra prune down the forest of emission models
• Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of the 3 Brightest and Hardest Short Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed with the FGST Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• Prospects for GRB Science with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• Gamma Ray Bursts in the Fermi era: the spectral energy distribution of the prompt emission
• RHESSI Tests of Quasi-Thermal Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Models

Cited by in corpus (172)

• The Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Relativistic Jets
• The Proto-Magnetar Model for Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Catalog: Four Years Of Data
• The First Fermi LAT Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog
• The THESEUS space mission concept: science case, design and expected performances
• GRB110721A: An extreme peak energy and signatures of the photosphere
• Fast cooling synchrotron radiation in a decaying magnetic field and $\gamma$-ray burst emission mechanism
• A theory of photospheric emission from relativistic, collimated outflows
• Evidence for a Photospheric Component in the Prompt Emission of the Short GRB120323A and its Effects on the GRB Hardness-Luminosity Relation
• Neutrino-dominated accretion flows as the central engine of gamma-ray bursts
• Fermi-GBM Discovery of GRB 221009A: An Extraordinarily Bright GRB from Onset to Afterglow
• Physics of Gamma-Ray Bursts Prompt Emission
• The Connection Between Thermal and Non-Thermal Emission in Gamma-ray Bursts: General Considerations and GRB090902B as a Case Study
• Photosphere emission from a hybrid relativistic outflow with arbitrary dimensionless entropy and magnetization in GRBs
• Observational evidence of dissipative photospheres in gamma-ray bursts
• Synchrotron Origin of the Typical GRB Band Function - A Case Study of GRB 130606B
• The Fermi GBM gamma-ray burst time-resolved spectral catalog: brightest bursts in the first four years
• Jet propagations, breakouts and photospheric emissions in collapsing massive progenitors of long duration gamma ray bursts
• Time-resolved Analysis of Fermi GRBs with Fast and Slow-Cooled Synchrotron Photon Models
• Low Energy Spectral Index and $E_p$ evolution of Quasi-thermal Photosphere Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• SGR J1550-5418 bursts detected with the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor during its most prolific activity
• Towards a Better Understanding of the GRB Phenomenon: a New Model for GRB Prompt Emission and its effects on the New Non-Thermal L${}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{NT}}$-E${}_{\mathrm{peak},\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{rest},\mathrm{NT}}$ relation
• Detection of Low-energy Breaks in Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission Spectra
• Constraints on the Synchrotron Emission Mechanism in GRBs
• Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift-Fermi Era
• Prompt optical emission as a signature of synchrotron radiation in gamma-ray bursts
• An Analysis of Chandra Deep Follow-up GRBs: Implications for Off-Axis Jets
• Unification of Pulses in Long and Short Gamma-Ray Bursts: Evidence from Pulse Properties and their Correlations
• Internal Energy Dissipation of Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed with Swift: Precursors, Prompt Gamma-rays, Extended emission and Late X-ray Flares
• The First Pulse of the Extremely Bright GRB 130427A: A Test Lab for Synchrotron Shocks
• The Bright and the Slow -- GRBs 100724B \& 160509A with high-energy cutoffs at $\lesssim 100$MeV
• The width of gamma-ray burst spectra
• Neutron Star Mergers and How to Study Them
• Polarization properties of photospheric emission from relativistic, collimated outflows
• Fermi and Swift Observations of GRB 190114C: Tracing the Evolution of High-Energy Emission from Prompt to Afterglow
• Variable jet properties in GRB110721A: Time resolved observations of the jet photosphere
• iPTF14yb: The First Discovery of a GRB Afterglow Independent of a High-Energy Trigger
• Spectral analysis of Fermi-LAT gamma-ray bursts with known redshift and their potential use as cosmological standard candles
• Prompt Gamma Ray Burst emission from gradual magnetic dissipation
• Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission
• A double component in GRB 090618: a proto-black hole and a genuinely long GRB
• Gamma Ray Burst Prompt correlations
• Photospheric emission throughout GRB 100507 detected by Fermi
• The emission mechanism in magnetically dominated GRB outflows
• Relativistic MHD simulations of collision-induced magnetic dissipation in Poynting-flux-dominated jets/outflows
• MultiPulse {\it Fermi} Gamma-Ray Bursts. I. Evidence of the Transition from Fireball to Poynting-flux-dominated Outflow
• Poynting flux dominated jets challenged by their photospheric emission
• GRB 131014A: a Laboratory to Study the Thermal-Like and Non-Thermal Emissions in Gamma-Ray Bursts, and the new L${}_{\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{nTh}}$-E${}_{\mathrm{peak},\mathrm{i}}^{\mathrm{nTh},\mathrm{rest}}$ relation
• Photospheric Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Prompt thermal emission in gamma-ray bursts
• Time varying polarized gamma-rays from GRB 160821A: evidence for ordered magnetic fields
• Spectral evolution in gamma-ray bursts: predictions of the internal shock model and comparison to observations
• Confronting GRB prompt emission with a model for subphotospheric dissipation
• Constraining the High-Energy Emission from Gamma-ray Bursts with Fermi
• Proton-synchrotron as the radiation mechanism of the prompt emission of GRBs?
• Evidence for jet launching close to the black hole in GRB 101219B - a Fermi GRB dominated by thermal emission
• Bayesian Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of GRB Pulses
• Gamma-Ray Bursts at high and very high energies
• On Spectral Evolution and Temporal Binning in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Photosphere emission in the X-Ray Flares of Swift Gamma-Ray Bursts and Implications for the Fireball Properties
• Constraints on the Synchrotron Shock Model for the Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst 090820A
• The time-resolved spectra of photospheric emission from a structured jet for gamma-ray bursts
• Single- and Two-Component GRB Spectra in the Fermi GBM-LAT Energy Range
• Spectral and Polarization Properties of Photospheric Emission From Stratified Jets
• Multi-color blackbody emission in GRB 081221
• GRB 110721A: photosphere "death line" and the physical origin of the GRB "Band" function
• Bayesian Time-Resolved Spectroscopy of Multi-Pulsed GRBs: Variations of Emission Properties amongst Pulses
• Clustering of gamma-ray burst types in the Fermi-GBM catalogue: indications of photosphere and synchrotron emissions during the prompt phase
• Gamma-Ray Bursts as Sources of Strong Magnetic Fields
• Multi-messenger light curves from gamma-ray bursts in the internal shock model
• Thermal Components in Gamma-ray Bursts. I. How Do They Affect Non-Thermal Spectral Parameters?
• Time resolved spectroscopy of SGR J1550-5418 bursts detected with Fermi/GBM
• Peculiar prompt emission and afterglow in H.E.S.S. detected GRB 190829A
• What can we learn from "internal plateaus"? The peculiar afterglow of GRB 070110
• Gamma-ray burst spectra and spectral correlations from sub-photospheric Comptonization
• Hydrodynamic properties of gamma-ray bursts outflows deduced from thermal component
• Photospheric Emission in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• GRB 090227B: the missing link between the genuine short and long GRBs
• AstroSat CZT Imager observations of GRB 151006A: timing, spectroscopy, and polarisation study
• First-year Results of Broadband Spectroscopy of the Brightest Fermi-GBM Gamma-Ray Bursts
• GRB 210121A: A Typical Fireball Burst Detected by Two Small Missions
• Synchrotron emission in GRBs observed by Fermi: Its limitations and the role of the photosphere
• An Observed Correlation Between Thermal and Non-Thermal Emission in Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Modeling the high-energy emission in GRB 110721A and implications on the early multiwavelength and polarimetric observations
• Thermal and nonthermal emission from a peculiar long-duration GRB 211211A
• Synchrotron Cooling in Energetic Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed by the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• A Unified Model for GRB Prompt Emission from Optical to $\gamma$-Rays: Exploring GRBs as Standard Candles
• The 999th Swift gamma-ray burst: Some like it thermal
• The extremely high peak energy of GRB 110721A in the context of a dissipative photosphere synchrotron emission model
• Photon and Neutrino Spectra of Time-Dependent Photospheric Models of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Monte Carlo radiation transfer simulations of photospheric emission in long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Synchrotron radiation in $\gamma$-ray burst prompt emission
• Emission from accelerating jets in gamma-ray bursts: Radiation dominated flows with increasing mass outflow rates
• AstroSat-CZTI detection of variable prompt emission polarization in GRB 171010A
• Temporal Evolution of Prompt GRB Polarization
• On the $\alpha$-Intensity Correlation in Gamma-Ray Bursts: Subphotospheric Heating with Varying Entropy
• A Statistical Study of GRB X-ray Flares: Evidence of Ubiquitous Bulk Acceleration in the Emission Region
• Prompt Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts in the High-density Environment of Active Galactic Nuclei Accretion Disks
• Violation of synchrotron line of death by the highly polarized $GRB160802A$
• High-Energy Non-Thermal and Thermal Emission from GRB141207A detected by Fermi
• GRB Observational Properties
• CGRO/BATSE Data Support the New Paradigm for GRB Prompt Emission and the New L${}_i^{nTh}$-E${}_{peak,i}^{nTh,rest}$ relation
• An analytic derivation of the empirical correlations of gamma-ray bursts
• Distributions of Gamma-Ray Bursts and Blazars in the $L_{\mathrm{p}}-E_{\mathrm{p}}$ Plane and Possible Implications for their Radiation Physics
• The AGILE observations of the hard and bright GRB 100724B
• GRB Spectrum from Gradual Dissipation in a Magnetized Outflow
• Correlation between Optical and UV Variability of Quasars
• The Transient High-Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor (THESEUS)
• Testing a model for subphotospheric dissipation in GRBs: fits to Fermi data constrain the dissipation scenario
• Spectro-polarimetric analysis of prompt emission of GRB 160325A: jet with evolving environment of internal shocks
• The Photosphere Emission Spectrum of Hybrid Relativistic Outflow for Gamma-ray Bursts
• Spectral components in the bright, long GRB 061007: properties of the photosphere and the nature of the outflow
• Correlation between peak energy and Fourier power density spectrum slope in gamma-ray bursts
• Magnetically and Baryonically Dominated Photospheric Gamma-Ray Burst Model Fits to Fermi LAT Observations
• Time-Reversed Gamma-Ray Burst Light Curve Characteristics as Transitions between Subluminal and Superluminal Motion
• Swift Observations of Gamma-Ray Burst Pulse Shapes: GRB Pulse Spectral Evolution Clarified
• Time-resolved Spectral Study Of Fermi GRBs Having Single Pulses
• Photospheric Emission in the Joint GBM and Konus Prompt Spectra of GRB 120323A
• Are GRB Blackbodies an Artifact of Spectral Evolution?
• Comptonization signatures in the prompt emission of Gamma Ray Bursts
• Anomalies in low-energy Gamma-Ray Burst spectra with the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• Evolution Patterns of the Peak Energy in the GRB Prompt Emission
• Dissecting the Energy Budget of a Gamma-Ray Burst Fireball
• Dynamical Properties of Internal Shocks Revisited
• Evolutions and Calibrations of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts Luminosity Correlations Revisited
• MAGICal GRB 190114C: Implications of cutoff in the spectrum at sub-$GeV$ energies
• GRB 220426A: A Thermal Radiation-Dominated Gamma-Ray Burst
• Multi-wavelength study of the luminous GRB 210619B observed with Fermi and ASIM
• Hard X-ray/Soft gamma-ray experiments and missions: overview and prospects
• A new method of pulse-wise spectral analysis of Gamma-ray Bursts
• Discovery of Smoothly Evolving Blackbodies in the Early Afterglow of GRB 090618 : Evidence for a Spine-Sheath Jet?
• Constraining the bulk Lorentz factor from the photosphere emission
• Inverse Compton Scattering Spectra of Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission
• A new fitting function for GRB MeV spectra based on the internal shock synchrotron model
• Insights into the physics of GRBs from the high-energy extension of their prompt emission spectra
• A Cosmological Fireball with Sixteen-Percent Gamma-Ray Radiative Efficiency
• Study of prompt emission of short gamma ray bursts using multi-color blackbody: a clue to the viewing angle
• Gamma Ray Bursts -- A radio perspective
• Prompt Gamma-Ray Burst Emission from Internal Shocks -- New Insights
• The Fermi view of gamma-ray bursts
• Thermal components in the early X-ray afterglows of GRBs: likely cocoon emission and constraints on the progenitors
• Constraining Magnetization of Gamma-Ray Bursts Outflows using Prompt Emission Fluence
• Detection prospects for multi-GeV neutrinos from collisionally heated GRBs
• Evidence of Photosphere Emission Origin for Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission
• Failed Gamma-Ray Bursts: Thermal UV/Soft X-ray Emission Accompanied by Peculiar Afterglows
• Random walks and effective optical depth in relativistic flow
• Surprise in simplicity: an unusual spectral evolution of a single pulse GRB 151006A
• Multiple Components in the Broadband $\gamma$-ray Emission of the Short GRB 160709A
• Gamma-ray Burst Spectrum with a Time-dependent Injection Rate of High-energy Electrons
• Temporal and Spectral Evolution of Gamma-ray Burst Broad Pulses: Identification of High Latitude Emission in the Prompt Emission
• The Low-Energy Spectral Index of Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission from Internal Shocks
• Exploring Gamma-Ray Burst Diversity: Clustering analysis of emission characteristics of Fermi and BATSE detected GRBs
• Dynamical Evolution of an Ultra-relativistic Fireball Colliding with a Freely Expanding Gas
• A Spectral Analysis of Fermi-LLE GRBs
• The pulse luminosity function of Swift gamma-ray bursts
• Lorentz Factor Evolution of an Expanding Jet Shell Observed in Gamma-ray Burst: Case study of GRB 160625B
• Nuclear Composition of Magnetized GRB Jets
• Self-Similarities and Power-laws in the Time-resolved Spectra of GRB 190114C, GRB 130427A, GRB 160509A, and GRB 160625B
• Detection of Prompt Fast-Variable Thermal Component in Multi-Pulse Short Gamma-Ray Burst 170206A
• Photospheric Emission in Gamma-ray Bursts: Variability
• Time-averaging Polarimetric and Spectral Properties of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Time-resolved Spectral Properties of Fermi-GBM Bright Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Spectral Diversities of Gamma-ray Bursts in High Energy Bands: Hints from Turbulent Cascade
• Explosive and radio-selected Transients: Transient Astronomy with SKA and its Precursors
• Time resolved spectral analysis of the prompt emission of long gamma ray bursts with GeV Emission
• Plasmas in Gamma-Ray Bursts: particle acceleration, magnetic fields, radiative Processes and environments
• A generalized method to measure the Lorentz factor from gamma-ray burst photospheric emission
• Two distinct phases in the first 13 seconds of GRB110731A prompt emission
• Modeling of the Gamma Ray Burst photospheric emission: Monte Carlo simulation of the GRB prompt emission, numerical results and discussion
• SSC Radiation in the ICMART Model: Spectral Simulations and Application to the Record-Breaking GRB 221009A
• Radiative Mechanisms in GRB prompt emission
• The Double-Burst Nature and Early Afterglow Evolution of Long GRB 110801A