GRB 210121A: A Typical Fireball Burst Detected by Two Small Missions

Abstract

The Chinese CubeSat Mission, Gamma Ray Integrated Detectors (GRID), recently detected its first gamma-ray burst, GRB 210121A, which was jointly observed by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM). This burst is confirmed by several other missions, including \fermi and \textit{Insight}-HXMT. We combined multi-mission observational data and performed a comprehensive analysis of the burst's temporal and spectral properties. Our results show that the burst is relatively special in its high peak energy, thermal-like low energy indices, and large fluence. By putting it to the $E_{\mathrm{p}}$-$E_{\gamma ,\mathrm{iso}}$ relation diagram with assumed distance, we found this burst can be constrained at the redshift range of [0.3,3.0]. The thermal spectral component is also confirmed by the direct fit of the physical models to the observed spectra. Interestingly, the physical photosphere model also constrained a redshift of $z\sim$ 0.3 for this burst, which help us to identify a host galaxy candidate at such a distance within the location error box. Assuming the host galaxy is real, we found the burst can be best explained by the photosphere emission of a typical fireball with an initial radius of $r_0\sim$ 3.2 $\times 10^7$ cm.

ApJ accpeted; 12 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables

References in corpus (49)

• The Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Mission
• The Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• Intrinsic spectra and energetics of BeppoSAX Gamma-Ray Bursts with known redshifts
• The Internal-Collision-Induced Magnetic Reconnection and Turbulence (ICMART) Model of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Studies in Astronomical Time Series Analysis. VI. Bayesian Block Representations
• Connection Between Energy-dependent Lags And Peak Luminosity In Gamma-ray Bursts
• Steep Slopes and Preferred Breaks in GRB Spectra: the Role of Photospheres and Comptonization
• The Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Catalog: Four Years Of Data
• The Synchrotron Shock Model Confronts a `Line of Death' in the BATSE Gamma-Ray Burst Data
• Overview to the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) Satellite
• The Fourth Fermi-GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog: A Decade of Data
• Detection of a Thermal Spectral Component in the Prompt Emission of GRB 100724B
• The 2nd Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog: The First Four Years
• The 3rd Fermi GBM Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog: The First Six Years
• Temporal Evolution Of Thermal Emission From Relativistically Expanding Plasma
• Fast cooling synchrotron radiation in a decaying magnetic field and $\gamma$-ray burst emission mechanism
• Evidence of an initially magnetically dominated outflow in GRB 080916C
• X-ray Rich GRB, Photospheres and Variability
• A theory of photospheric emission from relativistic, collimated outflows
• Peak Luminosity-Spectral Lag Relation Caused by the Viewing Angle of the Collimated Gamma-Ray Bursts
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Data: II. $E_{\mathrm{p}}$-Evolution Patterns and Implications for the Observed Spectrum-Luminosity Relations
• Gamma-Ray Burst Spectral Evolution Through Crosscorrelations of Discriminator Light Curves
• WISE x SuperCOSMOS photometric redshift catalog: 20 million galaxies over 3pi steradians
• Photosphere emission from a hybrid relativistic outflow with arbitrary dimensionless entropy and magnetization in GRBs
• Synchrotron Origin of the Typical GRB Band Function - A Case Study of GRB 130606B
• The Fermi GBM gamma-ray burst time-resolved spectral catalog: brightest bursts in the first four years
• A bright gamma-ray flare interpreted as a giant magnetar flare in NGC 253
• Fermi and Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglow Population Studies
• Spectral lags and the energy dependence of pulse width in gamma-ray bursts: contributions from the relativistic curvature effect
• On the Spectral Lags of the Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Rapid Spectral Variability of a Giant Flare from a Magnetar in NGC 253
• Low-energy Spectra of Gamma-ray Bursts from Cooling Electrons
• A New Test of Lorentz Invariance Violation: the Spectral Lag Transition of GRB 160625B
• GRID: a Student Project to Monitor the Transient Gamma-Ray Sky in the Multi-Messenger Astronomy Era
• Towards an understanding of GRB prompt emission mechanism: I. The origin of spectral lags
• The Origin of the Prompt Emission for Short GRB 170817A: Photosphere Emission or Synchrotron Emission?
• GRB 200415A: A Short Gamma-Ray Burst from a Magnetar Giant Flare?
• Distribution of Spectral Lags in Gamma Ray Bursts
• Spectral lags caused by the Doppler effect of fireballs
• Unusual Central Engine Activity in the Double Burst GRB 110709B
• Multi-color blackbody emission in GRB 081221
• The Insight-HXMT mission and its recent progresses
• The time-resolved spectra of photospheric emission from a structured jet for gamma-ray bursts
• GRB 110721A: photosphere "death line" and the physical origin of the GRB "Band" function
• Hydrodynamic properties of gamma-ray bursts outflows deduced from thermal component
• Lorentz Invariance Violation Limits from the Spectral Lag Transition of GRB~190114C
• Probing Curvature Effects in the Fermi GRB 110920
• The Photosphere Emission Spectrum of Hybrid Relativistic Outflow for Gamma-ray Bursts
• Physical Implications of the Sub-threshold GRB GBM-190816 and its Associated Sub-threshold Gravitational Wave Event

Cited by in corpus (9)

• GECAM Localization of High Energy Transients and the Systematic Error
• Detector performance of the Gamma-ray Transient Monitor onboard DRO-A Satellite
• Spectral Lag Transition of 32 Fermi Gamma-ray Bursts and their Application on Constraining Lorentz Invariance Violation
• CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy
• The Origin of the Photospheric Emission of GRB 220426A
• Bayesian evidence for spectral lag transition due to Lorentz Invariance Violation for 32 Fermi/GBM Gamma-ray Bursts
• Attosecond gamma-ray flashes and electron-positron pairs in dyadic laser interaction with micro-wire
• Spectral and Jet Properties of the Quasi-thermal Dominated GRB 210121A, GRB 210610B and GRB 221022B
• GRB 210121A: Observation of photospheric emissions from different regimes and the evolution of the outflow