Photosphere emission from a hybrid relativistic outflow with arbitrary dimensionless entropy and magnetization in GRBs

He Gao; Bing Zhang

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/103

paper

Photosphere emission from a hybrid relativistic outflow with arbitrary dimensionless entropy and magnetization in GRBs

arXiv:1409.3584 · doi:10.1088/0004-637X/801/2/103

Abstract

In view of the recent Fermi observations of GRB prompt emission spectra, we develop a theory of photosphere emission of a hybrid relativistic outflow with a hot fireball component (defined by dimensionless entropy $η$ ) and a cold Poynting-flux component (defined by magnetization $σ_{0}$ at the central engine). We consider the scenarios both without and with sub-photospheric magnetic dissipations. Based on a simplified toy model of jet dynamics, we develop two approaches: a "bottom-up" approach to predict the temperature (for a non-dissipative photosphere) and luminosity of the photosphere emission and its relative brightness for a given pair of $(η, σ_{0})$ ; and a "top-down" approach to diagnose central engine parameters ( $η$ and $σ_{0}$ ) based on the observed quasi-thermal photosphere emission properties. We show that a variety of observed GRB prompt emission spectra with different degrees of photosphere thermal emission can be reproduced by varying $η$ and $σ_{0}$ within the non-dissipative photosphere scenario. In order to reproduce the observed spectra, the outflows of most GRBs need to have a significant $σ$ , both at the central engine, and at the photosphere. The $σ$ value at $1 0^{15}$ cm from the central engine (a possible non-thermal emission site) is usually also greater than unity, so that internal-collision-induced magnetic reconnection and turbulence (ICMART) may be the mechanism to power the non-thermal emission. We apply our top-down approach to GRB 110721A, and find that the temporal evolution behavior of its blackbody component can be well interpreted with a time-varying $(η, σ_{0})$ at the central engine, instead of invoking a varying engine base size $r_{0}$ as proposed by previous authors.

arXiv comment41pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, accepted by ApJ

Photosphere emission from a hybrid relativistic outflow with arbitrary dimensionless entropy and magnetization in GRBs

Abstract

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