Time-resolved Spectral Properties of Fermi-GBM Bright Long Gamma-Ray Bursts

Abstract

The prompt emission mechanism of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still unclear, and the time-resolved spectral analysis of GRBs is a powerful tool for studying their underlying physical processes. We performed a detailed time-resolved spectral analysis of 78 bright long GRB samples detected by Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). A total of 1490 spectra were obtained and their properties were studied using a typical Band-shape model. Firstly, the parameter distribution of the time-resolved spectrum given as follows: the low-energy spectral index $\alpha \sim -0.72$, high-energy spectral index $\beta \sim -2.42$, the peak energy $E_{\mathrm{p}}\sim 221.69\mathrm{keV}$, and the energy flux $F\sim 7.49\times 10^{-6}\mathrm{erg}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$. More than 80\% of the bursts exhibit the hardest low-energy spectral index ${\alpha }_{\max }$ exceeding the synchrotron limit (-2/3). Secondly, the evolution patterns of $\alpha$ and $E_{\mathrm{p}}$ were statistically analyzed. The results show that for multi-pulse GRBs the intensity-tracking pattern is more common than the hard-to-soft pattern in the evolution of both $E_{\mathrm{p}}$ and $\alpha$. The hard-to-soft pattern is generally shown in single-pulse GRBs or in the initial pulse of multi-pulse GRBs. Finally, we found a significant positive correlation between $F$ and $E_{\mathrm{p}}$, with half of the samples exhibiting a positive correlation between $F$ and $\alpha$. We discussed the spectral evolution of different radiation models. The diversity of spectral evolution patterns indicates that there may be more than one radiation mechanism occurring in the gamma-ray burst radiation process, including photospheric radiation and synchrotron radiation. However, it may also involve only one radiation mechanism, but more complicated physical details need to be considered.

arXiv comment19 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, accepted and published in RAA

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Cited by in corpus (1)

• Single-Pulse Gamma-Ray Bursts have Prevalent Hard-to-Soft Spectral Evolution