Optimal eavesdropping in quantum cryptography with six states

Abstract

A generalization of the quantum cryptographic protocol by Bennett and Brassard is discussed, using three conjugate bases, i.e. six states. By calculating the optimal mutual information between sender and eavesdropper it is shown that this scheme is safer against eavesdropping on single qubits than the one based on two conjugate bases. We also address the question for a connection between the maximal classical correlation in a generalized Bell inequality and the intersection of mutual informations between sender/receiver and sender/eavesdropper.

4 pages, 1 figure

References in corpus (2)

• A method for reaching detection efficiencies necessary for optical loophole-free Bell experiments
• Does Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt Correlation or Freedman-Clauser Correlation lead to the largest violation of Bell's Inequality?

Cited by in corpus (353)

• Quantum entanglement
• Quantum Cryptography
• The Security of Practical Quantum Key Distribution
• Entanglement detection
• Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
• Advances in Quantum Cryptography
• A Two-Step Quantum Direct Communication Protocol Using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Pair Block
• Theoretical efficient high capacity Quantum Key Distribution Scheme
• Secure quantum key distribution with realistic devices
• Security of quantum key distribution using d-level systems
• Deterministic Secure Direct Communication Using Entanglement
• Secure direct communication using entanglement
• On mutually unbiased bases
• Quantum Information and Relativity Theory
• Entropic Uncertainty Relations and their Applications
• Tight Finite-Key Analysis for Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum cloning
• Twisted Photons: New Quantum Perspectives in High Dimensions
• Quantum cryptography with 3-state systems
• An information-theoretic security proof for QKD protocols
• Quantum Cryptography using larger alphabets
• Optimal eavesdropping in cryptography with three-dimensional quantum states
• Experimental Quantum Cryptography with Qutrits
• Quantum Distribution of Gaussian Keys with Squeezed States
• Effects of detector efficiency mismatch on security of quantum cryptosystems
• Entangled state quantum cryptography: Eavesdropping on the Ekert protocol
• Quantum Mechanics as Quantum Information (and only a little more)
• Incoherent and Coherent Eavesdropping in the 6-state Protocol of Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum cryptography with finite resources: unconditional security bound for discrete-variable protocols with one-way post-processing
• Cryptanalysis of the Hillery-Buzek-Berthiaume quantum secret-sharing protocol
• The Impact of Quantum Computing on Present Cryptography
• Self-testing of quantum systems: a review
• Higher-dimensional orbital angular momentum based quantum key distribution with mutually unbiased bases
• Entanglement as precondition for secure quantum key distribution
• Lower and upper bounds on the secret key rate for QKD protocols using one--way classical communication
• Secure direct communication using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and teleportation
• Micius quantum experiments in space
• Security Proof for Quantum Key Distribution Using Qudit Systems
• Quantum key distribution with realistic states: photon-number statistics in the photon-number splitting attack
• Advances in Space Quantum Communications
• Deterministic secure communication protocol without using entanglement
• Improving the capacity of the ping-pong protocol
• Quantum Communication between N partners and Bell's inequalities
• Three-party quantum secure direct communication based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states
• Practical issues in quantum-key-distribution post-processing
• Deterministic secure direct communication using GHZ states and swapping quantum entanglement
• Loss-tolerant quantum cryptography with imperfect sources
• Controlling passively-quenched single photon detectors by bright light
• Multi-partite entanglement speeds up quantum key distribution in networks
• Statistical fluctuation analysis for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
• One-step error correction for multipartite polarization entanglement
• Security of Quantum Key Distribution with Entangled Qutrits
• Numerical approach for unstructured quantum key distribution
• Quantum Conference Key Agreement: A Review
• Entropic uncertainty relation for mutually unbiased bases
• Squashing Models for Optical Measurements in Quantum Communication
• A largely self-contained and complete security proof for quantum key distribution
• Near-term quantum-repeater experiments with nitrogen-vacancy centers: Overcoming the limitations of direct transmission
• Reliable numerical key rates for quantum key distribution
• Security of Quantum Key Distribution with entangled quNits
• A Monogamy-of-Entanglement Game With Applications to Device-Independent Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum Cloning Machines and the Applications
• Security of decoy-state quantum key distribution with inexactly controlled source
• General theory of decoy-state quantum cryptography with source errors
• Quantum Cryptography
• Phase-covariant quantum cloning of qudits
• Characterization of high-dimensional entangled systems via mutually unbiased measurements
• Quantum cloning with an optical fiber amplifier
• Quantum Foundations in the Light of Quantum Information
• Experimental realization of optimal asymmetric cloning and telecloning via partial teleportation
• Semiquantum key distribution using entangled states
• Experimental investigation of high-dimensional quantum key distribution protocols with twisted photons
• Uncertainty relations for MUBs and SIC-POVMs in terms of generalized entropies
• Entanglement in mutually unbiased bases
• On the performance of two protocols: SARG04 and BB84
• Reference frame independent quantum key distribution server with telecom tether for on-chip client
• Symmetries in Quantum Key Distribution and the Connection between Optimal Attacks and Optimal Cloning
• Quantum key distribution with correlated sources
• The private classical capacity with a symmetric side channel and its application to quantum cryptography
• Coherent State Quantum Key Distribution with Multi Letter Phase-Shift Keying
• On the role of memory errors in quantum repeaters
• A temporal steering inequality
• Quantum key distribution with 2-bit quantum codes
• Unconditional Security of the Bennett 1992 quantum key-distribution over lossy and noisy channel
• Upper Bounds for the Security of two Distributed-Phase Reference Protocols of Quantum Cryptography (Coherent-One-Way and Differential-Phase-Shift)
• A Generic Security Proof for Quantum Key Distribution
• Decoy state quantum key distribution with two-way classical post-processing
• Key distillation from quantum channels using two-way communication protocols
• Mutually unbiased bases and symmetric informationally complete measurements in Bell experiments
• Unconditionally secure key distillation from multi-photons
• Unconditionally Secure Key Distribution In Higher Dimensions By Depolarization
• Fault tolerant quantum key distribution protocol with collective random unitary noise
• Efficient quantum entanglement distribution over an arbitrary collective-noise channel
• Tight security bounds for decoy-state quantum key distribution
• Quantum key distribution based on private states: unconditional security over untrusted channels with zero quantum capacity
• Security of high-dimensional quantum key distribution protocols using Franson interferometers
• Quantum cryptography on noisy channels: quantum versus classical key-agreement protocols
• Quantum key distribution without alternative measurements and rotations
• Numerical evidence for the maximum number of mutually unbiased bases in dimension six
• Finite-key effects in multi-partite quantum key distribution protocols
• Wigner tomography of two qubit states and quantum cryptography
• Security of quantum key distribution protocols using two-way classical communication or weak coherent pulses
• Pathways for entanglement based quantum communication in the face of high noise
• Parameter regimes for a single sequential quantum repeater
• Quantum Key Distribution using Multilevel Encoding: Security Analysis
• Quantum repeaters based on concatenated bosonic and discrete-variable quantum codes
• Quantum repeaters and quantum key distribution: analysis of secret key rates
• Spherical Code Key Distribution Protocols for Qubits
• Security bound of two-bases quantum key-distribution protocols using qudits
• Proof-of-principle experiment of reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with phase coding
• Temporal steering and security of quantum key distribution with mutually-unbiased bases against individual attacks
• Tomography increases key rates of quantum-key-distribution protocols
• Secure Key Distribution by Swapping Quantum Entanglement
• Experimental Test of Two-way Quantum Key Distribution in Presence of Controlled Noise
• Tailored bright illumination attack on distributed-phase-reference protocols
• Complementarity and the uncertainty relations
• Satellite-to-Earth Quantum Key Distribution via Orbital Angular Momentum
• Squashing model for detectors and applications to quantum key distribution protocols
• Quantum repeaters and quantum key distribution: the impact of entanglement distillation on the secret key rate
• Detecting two-party quantum correlations in quantum key distribution protocols
• Security of subcarrier wave quantum key distribution against the collective beam-splitting attack
• On the implementation of a deterministic secure coding protocol using polarization entangled photons
• Experimental investigation of quantum key distribution over water channel
• Key rate of quantum key distribution with hashed two-way classical communication
• Photon-Number-Splitting versus Cloning Attacks in Practical Implementations of the Bennett-Brassard 1984 protocol for Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum secret sharing protocol between multiparty and multiparty with single photons and unitary transformations
• Equiangular Spherical Codes in Quantum Cryptography
• Computing secure key rates for quantum key distribution with untrusted devices
• Operational interpretation of coherence in quantum key distribution
• Generalized decoding, effective channels, and simplified security proofs in quantum key distribution
• Realizing controllable noise in photonic quantum information channels
• Breaking Rate-Distance Limitation of Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secret Sharing
• Fundamental Finite Key Limits for One-Way Information Reconciliation in Quantum Key Distribution
• Numerical finite-key analysis of quantum key distribution
• Quantum Conical Designs
• Quantum secure conditional direct communication via EPR pairs
• Efficient quantum direct communication with authentication
• Finite-key security analysis for multilevel quantum key distribution
• Quantum-dot based telecom-wavelength quantum relay
• A Genuine Multipartite Bell Inequality for Device-independent Conference Key Agreement
• A random quantum key distribution by using Bell states
• Long-distance entanglement distribution using individual atoms in optical cavities
• Method for decoupling error correction from privacy amplification
• Quantum secret sharing between m-party and n-party with six states
• Secrecy content of two-qubit states
• Experimental temporal quantum steering
• Universal Squash Model For Optical Communications Using Linear Optics And Threshold Detectors
• Robustness of quantum key distribution with discrete and continuous variables to channel noise
• Robustness of round-robin differential-phase-shift quantum-key-distribution protocol against source flaws
• Differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution protocol with small number of random delays
• Complementarity in quantum systems
• Generalized self-testing and the security of the 6-state protocol
• Real Mutually Unbiased Bases
• Detector decoy quantum key distribution
• Key rates for quantum key distribution protocols with asymmetric noise
• Variational quantum simulation of U(1) lattice gauge theories with qudit systems
• High Capacity Quantum Key Distribution via Hyper-Entangled Degrees of Freedom
• On the information-splitting essence of two types of quantum key distribution protocols
• Passive sources for the Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum key distribution protocol with practical signals
• One-way quantum key distribution: Simple upper bound on the secret key rate
• Semi-device-independent certification of independent quantum state and measurement devices
• Optimal realization of the transposition maps
• The Security of Quantum Key Distribution using a Simplified Trusted Relay
• Symmetric extension in two-way quantum key distribution
• Min-entropy and quantum key distribution: non-zero key rates for "small" numbers of signals
• Finite key analysis for symmetric attacks in quantum key distribution
• Secret key rates for an encoded quantum repeater
• Error Thresholds for Arbitrary Pauli Noise
• Simple and secure quantum key distribution with biphotons
• Performance analysis of quantum repeaters enabled by deterministically generated photonic graph states
• Entanglement-Enhanced Quantum Key Distribution
• Quantum key distribution rates from semidefinite programming
• Controlling the Photon Number Coherence of Solid-state Quantum Light Sources for Quantum Cryptography
• Modern Quantum Technologies of Information Security
• Oscillating photonic Bell state from a semiconductor quantum dot for quantum key distribution
• Extremal quantum cloning machines
• Mutually unbiased triplets from non-affine families of complex Hadamard matrices in dimension six
• Entropy bounds for multiparty device-independent cryptography
• Eavesdropping in Semiquantum Key Distribution Protocol
• Shor-Preskill Type Security-Proof for the Quantum Key Distribution without Public Announcement of Bases
• Demonstration of a 6 State-4 State Reference Frame Independent channel for Quantum Key Distribution
• Optimal cloning of qubits given by arbitrary axisymmetric distribution on Bloch sphere
• All-photonic GKP-qubit repeater using analog-information-assisted multiplexed entanglement ranking
• Quantum-secured single-pixel imaging with enhanced security
• Surpassing the repeaterless bound with a photon-number encoded measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution protocol
• Ping-pong quantum key distribution with trusted noise: non-Markovian advantage
• Conditional implementation of asymmetrical universal quantum cloning machine
• Reduced randomness in quantum cryptography with sequences of qubits encoded in the same basis
• Finite-key security analysis of differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution
• Propagation of generalized Pauli errors in qudit Clifford circuits
• Experimental demonstration of time coding quantum key distribution
• Practical security analysis of two-way quantum key distribution protocols based on non-orthogonal states
• Experimental comparison of various quantum key distribution protocols under reference frame rotation and fuctuation
• Efficient Quantum Key Distribution Scheme And Proof of Its Unconditional Security
• Quantum Key-Distribution Protocols Based on a Quantum Version of the Monty Hall Game
• Numerical evidence for bound secrecy from two-way post-processing in quantum key distribution
• Robustness of a quantum key distribution with two and three mutually unbiased bases
• General Quantum Key Distribution in Higher Dimension
• Information-theoretic security proof of differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution protocol based on complementarity
• Compounds of symmetric informationally complete measurements and their application in quantum key distribution
• Role of Bell-CHSH violation and local filtering in quantum key distribution
• Deterministic and Efficient Quantum Cryptography Based on Bell's Theorem
• Faithful entanglement sharing for quantum communication against collective noise
• Practical Realization of the Quantum Cryptography Protocol Exploiting Polarization Encoding in the Qutrits
• On the design and analysis of near-term quantum network protocols using Markov decision processes
• Upper bound on the secret key rate distillable from effective quantum correlations with imperfect detectors
• Tomographic Quantum Cryptography Protocols are Reference Frame Independent
• Scalable implementation of $(d+1)$ mutually unbiased bases for $d$-dimensional quantum key distribution
• Quantum Key Distribution Highly Sensitive to Eavesdropping
• Optimal eavesdropping on noisy states in quantum key distribution
• Using Cascade in Quantum Key Distribution
• Mitigating the effect of atmospheric turbulence on orbital angular momentum-based quantum key distribution using real-time adaptive optics with phase unwrapping
• Fast Partitioning of Pauli Strings into Commuting Families for Optimal Expectation Value Measurements of Dense Operators
• Forty Thousand Kilometers Under Quantum Protection
• Asymptotic correctability of Bell-diagonal quantum states and maximum tolerable bit error rates
• Second-order coding rates for key distillation in quantum key distribution
• Device-dependent and device-independent quantum key distribution without a shared reference frame
• Genuine multipartite entanglement is not a precondition for secure conference key agreement
• Mutually Unbiased Bases and Orthogonal Decompositions of Lie Algebras
• Efficient Amplification of Photonic Qubits by Optimal Quantum Cloning
• Resource-efficient fault-tolerant one-way quantum repeater with code concatenation
• Asymptotically Optimal prepare-measure Quantum Key Distribution Protocol
• Eavesdropper's Optimal Information in Variations of Bennett-Brassard 1984 Quantum Key Distribution in the Coherent Attacks
• QKD with finite resources: secret key rates via Rényi entropies
• A security proof of the round-robin differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol based on the signal disturbance
• Quantum Information Processing with Adversarial Devices
• The Physics of Quantum Information: Complementarity, Uncertainty, and Entanglement
• Symmetric extension of bipartite quantum states and its use in quantum key distribution with two-way postprocessing
• Sufficiency of quantum non-Gaussianity for discrete-variable quantum key distribution over noisy channel
• Quantum key distribution with finite resources: Taking advantage of quantum noise
• Higher Security Thresholds for Quantum Key Distribution by Improved Analysis of Dark Counts
• Improving the performance of twin-field quantum key distribution with advantage distillation technology
• Quantum key distribution with asymmetric channel noise
• States that "look the same" with respect to every basis in a mutually unbiased set
• An expectation value expansion of Hermitian operators in a discrete Hilbert space
• The general fine-grained uncertainty relation and the second law of thermodynamics
• Quantum Switches for Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Qubit-based All-Photonic Quantum Networks
• Tight finite-key analysis for generalized high-dimensional quantum key distribution
• Three numerical approaches to find mutually unbiased bases using Bell inequalities
• An Overview of CV-MDI-QKD
• Symmetric extendibility for qudits and tolerable error rates in quantum cryptography
• Quantum message authentication codes
• Quantum cryptography: theory and practice
• Symmetric collective attacks for the eavesdropping of symmetric quantum key distribution
• Minimal sets determining universal and phase-covariant quantum cloning
• Reversibility of continuous-variable quantum cloning
• Robust Multi-Partite Multi-Level Quantum Protocols
• Biased decoy-state reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution
• True image construction in quantum-secured single-pixel imaging under spoofing attack
• The classicality and quantumness of a quantum ensemble
• Secret key rates for coherent attacks
• An entangling-probe attack on Shor's algorithm for factorization
• How Secure Are Two-Way Ping-Pong and LM05 QKD Protocols under a Man-in-the-Middle Attack?
• Measurement-Device-Independenization of Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
• Quantum process tomography of single photon quantum channels with controllable decoherence
• Attacks on Fixed Apparatus Quantum Key Distribution Schemes
• Narrow basis angle doubles secret key in the BB84 protocol
• Mutually unbiased bases with free parameters
• Efficient polarization qubit transmission assisted by frequency degree of freedom
• Underwater Quantum Key Distribution in Outdoor Conditions with Twisted Photons
• On single-photon quantum key distribution in the presence of loss
• Experimentally Feasible Quantum-Key-Distribution Scheme Using Qubit-Like Qudits And Its Comparison With Existing Qubit- and Qudit-Based Protocols
• Optimal eavesdropping on QKD without quantum memory
• Uncertainty and certainty relations for successive projective measurements of a qubit in terms of Tsallis' entropies
• Quantum key distribution based on orthogonal state encoding
• Orthogonal-state-based cryptography in quantum mechanics and local post-quantum theories
• Distributed quantum incompatibility
• Three dimensional quantum key distribution in the presence of several eavesdroppers
• Bell inequality violations with random mutually unbiased bases
• New Construction of Mutually Unbiased Bases in Square Dimensions
• Security of EPR-based Quantum Key Distribution using three bases
• On the optimality of individual entangling-probe attacks against BB84 quantum key distribution
• Quantum circuit for security proof of quantum key distribution without encryption of error syndrome and noisy processing
• Proof of security of quantum key distribution with two-way classical communications
• Quantum Key Distribution with no Shared Reference Frame
• Optimal dimensionality for quantum cryptography
• Improved one-way rates for BB84 and 6-state protocols
• Robustness of entanglement-based discrete- and continuous-variable quantum key distribution against channel noise
• Complementarity and the algebraic structure of 4-level quantum systems
• Parameter regimes for surpassing the PLOB bound with error-corrected qudit repeaters
• Complementarity of information sent via different bases
• Operational measure of incompatibility of noncommuting observables
• Quantumness of pure-state ensembles via coherence of Gram matrix based on generalized $\alpha$-$z$-relative Rényi entropy
• Phase-Matching Quantum Key Distribution without Intensity Modulation
• Estimating the photon-number distribution of photonic channels with realistic devices and applications in photonic quantum information processing
• Quantum key distribution rates from non-symmetric conic optimization
• Provable entanglement and information cost for qubit-based quantum key-distribution protocols
• Robustness of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol against general coherent attacks
• Cyclic Mutually Unbiased Bases and Quantum Public-Key Encryption
• Quantum Key Distribution with Fibonacci Orbital Angular Momentum States
• Attack of Many Eavesdroppers via Optimal Strategy in Quantum Cryptography
• Resource state structure for controlled quantum key distribution
• Asymptotic security analysis of teleportation based quantum cryptography
• Postponement of dark-count effects in practical quantum key-distribution by two-way post-processing
• Multiparty quantum cryptographic protocol
• Security of quantum key distribution protocol with two-way classical communication assisted by one-time pad encryption
• Cloning of arbitrary mirror-symmetric distributions on Bloch sphere: Optimality proof and proposal for practical photonic realization
• Unconditionally Secure Quantum Key Distribution In Higher Dimensions
• Security Of Finite-Key-Length Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Using Arbitrary Number Of Decoys
• Finite-key analysis of the six-state protocol with photon-number-resolution detectors
• Asymmetric universal entangling machine
• Device-independent secret-key-rate analysis for quantum repeaters
• Differential-phase-shift QKD with practical Mach-Zehnder interferometer
• Simpler Quantum Counting
• From Quantum State Targeting to Bell Inequalities
• High-speed Implementation of FFT-based Privacy Amplification on FPGA in Quantum Key Distribution
• A Polynomial Interpolation based Quantum Key Reconciliation Protocol: Error Correction without Information Leakage
• Quantum-Space Attacks
• Quantum key distribution over noisy channels by the testing state method
• Can Two-Way Direct Communication Protocols Be Considered Secure?
• A Study of Channel Estimation and Postprocessing in Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
• Modified Six State Cryptographic Protocol with Entangled Ancilla States
• Secure Quantum Key Distribution Using a Room-Temperature Quantum Emitter
• Discrete Rotational Symmetry and Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
• Device-independent secret key rates via a post-selected Bell inequality
• Optimal Axis Compensation in Quantum Key Distribution Protocols over Unital Channels
• Conical Designs and Categorical Jordan Algebraic Post-Quantum Theories
• Quantum security and theory of decoherence
• Enhanced Quantum Key Distribution using Hybrid Channels and Natural Random Numbers
• High-speed Privacy Amplification Scheme using GMP in Quantum Key Distribution
• Photonic Integrated Phase Decoder Scheme for High-Speed, Efficient and Stable Quantum Key Distribution System
• Small quantum networks in the qudit stabilizer formalism
• Clifford group restricted eavesdroppers in quantum key distribution
• Higher dimensional quantum communication in a curved spacetime: an efficient simulation of the propagation of the wavefront of a photon
• Improved Eavesdropping Detection in Quantum Key Distribution
• Efficient quantum key distribution scheme with pre-announcing the basis
• Efficient Quantum Repeater with Single Atoms in Cavities
• Quantum Process Randomness
• Cryptographic Security Concerns on Timestamp Sharing via Public Channel in Quantum Key Distribution Systems
• Quantum Resonance near Optimal Eavesdropping in Quantum Cryptography
• Sampling in a Quantum Population, and Applications
• Role of Steering Inequality In Quantum Key Distribution Protocol
• Complete Quantum Communication with Security
• Quantum Key Distribution with Imperfections: Recent Advances in Security Proofs
• Quantum Uncertainty and Entropy
• Effect of Decoherence in Ekert-Protocol
• Effects of the detection loophole on rival entanglement attestation techniques
• Enhancing Quantum Key Distribution with Entanglement Distillation and Classical Advantage Distillation
• Advantages and limitations of channel multiplexing for discrete-variable quantum key distribution
• Characterizing quantum ensemble using geometric measure of quantum coherence
• Security of deterministic key distribution with higher-dimensional systems
• Synchronous concentration and purification schemes of arbitrary unknown hyperentangled mixed states
• Quantum dimension test using the uncertainty principle
• Qubit-based Unclonable Encryption with Key Recycling
• Entanglement recycled quantum key distribution scheme without sifting over arbitrary long distance
• Practical underwater quantum key distribution based on decoy-state BB84 protocol
• Photonic quantum information with time-bins: Principles and applications
• Equivalence of mutually unbiased bases via orbits: general theory and a $d=4$ case study
• Realizing fully reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution by exploiting quantum discord
• Towards secure communication using intra-particle entanglement
• Noised based cipher system
• One-Way Quantum Repeater with Rare-Earth-Ions Doped in Solids
• Qudit-native measurement protocol for dynamical correlations using Hadamard tests