Parameter regimes for a single sequential quantum repeater

Abstract

Quantum key distribution allows for the generation of a secret key between distant parties connected by a quantum channel such as optical fibre or free space. Unfortunately, the rate of generation of a secret key by direct transmission is fundamentally limited by the distance. This limit can be overcome by the implementation of so-called quantum repeaters. Here, we assess the performance of a specific but very natural setup called a single sequential repeater for quantum key distribution. We offer a fine-grained assessment of the repeater by introducing a series of benchmarks. The benchmarks, which should be surpassed to claim a working repeater, are based on finite-energy considerations, thermal noise and the losses in the setup. In order to boost the performance of the studied repeaters we introduce two methods. The first one corresponds to the concept of a cut-off, which reduces the effect of decoherence during storage of a quantum state by introducing a maximum storage time. Secondly, we supplement the standard classical post-processing with an advantage distillation procedure. Using these methods, we find realistic parameters for which it is possible to achieve rates greater than each of the benchmarks, guiding the way towards implementing quantum repeaters.

29 pages (16 main, 13 supplementary material), 13 figures. Added a figure showing the rate as a function of the distance in kilometres including frequency conversion, as well as a discussion on this issue. Added a figure and section in the main text detailing the experimental setup. Added a figure and discussion to the appendix on how the setup relates to memory-assisted MDI-QKD

References in corpus (12)

• Universal dynamical decoupling of a single solid-state spin from a spin bath
• High-fidelity projective readout of a solid-state spin quantum register
• Unconditional quantum teleportation between distant solid-state qubits
• A Single-Atom Quantum Memory
• Entanglement Distillation between Solid-State Quantum Network Nodes
• Modular Entanglement of Atomic Qubits using both Photons and Phonons
• Visible-to-telecom quantum frequency conversion of light from a single quantum emitter
• Deterministic enhancement of coherent photon generation from a nitrogen-vacancy center in ultrapure diamond
• Squashing Models for Optical Measurements in Quantum Communication
• Heralded Storage of a Photonic Quantum Bit in a Single Atom
• Memory-Assisted Quantum Key Distribution with a Single Nitrogen Vacancy Center
• State Discrimination with Post-Measurement Information

Cited by in corpus (47)

• Advances in Quantum Cryptography
• Quantum repeaters: From quantum networks to the quantum internet
• Near-term quantum-repeater experiments with nitrogen-vacancy centers: Overcoming the limitations of direct transmission
• Designing a Quantum Network Protocol
• Optically coherent nitrogen-vacancy centers in μm-thin etched diamond membranes
• On the waiting time in quantum repeaters with probabilistic entanglement swapping
• SimulaQron - A simulator for developing quantum internet software
• Cavity-enhanced quantum network nodes
• Tools for quantum network design
• Dephasing mechanisms of diamond-based nuclear-spin memories for quantum networks
• Practical figures of merit and thresholds for entanglement distribution in quantum networks
• Analysis of Multipartite Entanglement Distribution using a Central Quantum-Network Node
• On the Stochastic Analysis of a Quantum Entanglement Switch
• Bounding the energy-constrained quantum and private capacities of phase-insensitive bosonic Gaussian channels
• Simulating quantum repeater strategies for multiple satellites
• Optimal entanglement distribution policies in homogeneous repeater chains with cutoffs
• Optimising repeater schemes for the quantum internet
• Asymptotic security of discrete-modulation protocols for continuous-variable quantum key distribution
• Quantum NETwork: from theory to practice
• Efficient computation of the waiting time and fidelity in quantum repeater chains
• Policies for elementary links in a quantum network
• Requirements for a processing-node quantum repeater on a real-world fiber grid
• Quantum repeater architecture with hierarchically optimized memory buffer times
• Key rates for quantum key distribution protocols with asymmetric noise
• Fast and reliable entanglement distribution with quantum repeaters: principles for improving protocols using reinforcement learning
• Energy-constrained two-way assisted private and quantum capacities of quantum channels
• All-photonic GKP-qubit repeater using analog-information-assisted multiplexed entanglement ranking
• Finite-resource teleportation stretching for continuous-variable systems
• Performance metrics for the continuous distribution of entanglement in multi-user quantum networks
• Memory-assisted long-distance phase-matching quantum key distribution
• Deep reinforcement learning for key distribution based on quantum repeaters
• On the design and analysis of near-term quantum network protocols using Markov decision processes
• ReQuSim: Faithfully simulating near-term quantum repeaters
• Aging and Reliability of Quantum Networks
• Reducing classical communication costs in multiplexed quantum repeaters using hardware-aware quasi-local policies
• Hardware requirements for trapped-ion based verifiable blind quantum computing with a measurement-only client
• Multiplexed quantum repeaters based on single-photon interference with mild stabilization
• Parameter regimes for surpassing the PLOB bound with error-corrected qudit repeaters
• Asymmetric node placement in fiber-based quantum networks
• On noise in swap ASAP repeater chains: exact analytics, distributions and tight approximations
• Continuously Distributing Entanglement in Quantum Networks with Regular Topologies
• Optimization of Quantum-Repeater Networks using Stochastic Automatic Differentiation
• Fidelity-Aware Multipath Routing for Multipartite State Distribution in Quantum Networks
• Optimal supplier of single-error-type entanglement via coherent-state transmission
• Information-theoretic aspects of the generalized amplitude damping channel
• Nonlinear improvement of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using multimode quantum memory
• Optimising entanglement distribution policies under classical communication constraints assisted by reinforcement learning