Measurement of correlations among net-charge, net-proton, and net-kaon multiplicity distributions in PbPb collisions at TeV
arXiv:2503.18743 · doi:10.1007/JHEP08(2025)210
Abstract
Correlations among conserved quantum numbers, such as the net-electric charge, the net-baryon, and the net-strangeness in heavy-ion collisions, are crucial for exploring the QCD phase diagram. In this paper, these correlations are investigated using net-proton number (as a proxy for the net-baryon), net-kaon number (for the net-strangeness), and net-charged particle number in Pb--Pb collisions at TeV with the ALICE detector. The observed correlations deviate from the Poissonian baseline, with a more pronounced deviation at LHC energies than at RHIC. Theoretical calculations of the Thermal-FIST hadron resonance gas model, HIJING, and EPOS LHC event generators are compared with experimental results, where a significant impact of resonance decays is observed. Thermal-FIST calculations under the grand canonical and canonical ensembles highlight significant differences, underscoring the role of local charge conservation in explaining the data. Recent lattice QCD studies have demonstrated that the magnetic field generated by spectator protons in heavy-ion collisions affects susceptibility ratios, in particular those related to the net-electric charge and the net-baryon numbers. The experimental findings are in qualitative agreement with the expectations of lattice QCD.
arXiv comment27 pages, 8 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 21, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/12093, (updated figure captions to those of the published paper)
References in corpus (56)
- The order of the quantum chromodynamics transition predicted by the standard model of particle physics
- The effects of topological charge change in heavy ion collisions: "Event by event P and CP violation"
- EPOS LHC : test of collective hadronization with LHC data
- Estimate of the magnetic field strength in heavy-ion collisions
- Performance of the ALICE Experiment at the CERN LHC
- Event-by-Event Fluctuations in Heavy Ion Collisions and the QCD Critical Point
- Decoding the phase structure of QCD via particle production at high energy
- The ALICE TPC, a large 3-dimensional tracking device with fast readout for ultra-high multiplicity events
- Non-Gaussian fluctuations near the QCD critical point
- Electromagnetic field evolution in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
- On the sign of kurtosis near the QCD critical point
- Search for the QCD Critical Point with Fluctuations of Conserved Quantities in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at RHIC : An Overview
- Performance of the ALICE VZERO system
- Alignment of the ALICE Inner Tracking System with cosmic-ray tracks
- Fluctuations and Correlations of net baryon number, electric charge, and strangeness: A comparison of lattice QCD results with the hadron resonance gas model
- Probing freeze-out conditions in heavy ion collisions with moments of charge fluctuations
- Scale for the Phase Diagram of Quantum Chromodynamics
- Baryon-strangeness correlations: a diagnostic of strongly interacting matter
- Fluctuations as probe of the QCD phase transition and freeze-out in heavy ion collisions at LHC and RHIC
- Canonical partition function and finite density phase transition in lattice QCD
- Third moments of conserved charges as probes of QCD phase structure
- EPOS Model and Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
- Higher order fluctuations and correlations of conserved charges from lattice QCD
- Dynamical initial state model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
- Event-by-event physics in relativistic heavy ion collisions
- Baryon number conservation and the cumulants of the net proton distribution
- Thermal-FIST: A package for heavy-ion collisions and hadronic equation of state
- Event-by-event analysis of heavy ion collisions and thermodynamical fluctuations
- Conserved number fluctuations in a hadron resonance gas model
- Bridging the gap between event-by-event fluctuation measurements and theory predictions in relativistic nuclear collisions
- Canonical statistical model analysis of p-p, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
- Acceptance dependence of fluctuation measures near the QCD critical point
- Fluctuations, strangeness and quasi-quarks in heavy-ion collisions from lattice QCD
- Photon decay in strong magnetic field in heavy-ion collisions
- Scaling of Particle and Transverse Energy Production in 208Pb+208Pb collisions at 158 A GeV
- Unified Description of Efficiency Correction and Error Estimation for Moments of Conserved Quantities in Heavy-Ion Collisions
- Off-diagonal correlators of conserved charges from lattice QCD and how to relate them to experiment
- Local Efficiency Corrections to Higher Order Cumulants
- Impact of resonance regeneration and decay on the net-proton fluctuations in a hadron resonance gas
- Connecting fluctuation measurements in heavy-ion collisions with the grand-canonical susceptibilities
- More efficient formulas for efficiency correction of cumulants and effect of using averaged efficiency
- Search for the QCD Critical Point in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
- Particlization of an interacting hadron resonance gas with global conservation laws for event-by-event fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions
- Fluctuations and correlations of net baryon number, electric charge and strangeness in a background magnetic field
- Enhancement of flow anisotropies due to magnetic field in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
- Cumulants of multiple conserved charges and global conservation laws
- Efficiency correction for cumulants of multiplicity distributions based on track-by-track efficiency
- Resonance decay effect on conserved number fluctuations in a hadron resonance gas model
- Flavor Diagonal and Off-Diagonal Susceptibilities in a Quasiparticle Model of the Quark-Gluon Plasma
- Baryon electric charge correlation as a magnetometer of QCD
- Thermal blurring of event-by-event fluctuations provoked by rapidity conversion
- The diagonal and off-diagonal quark number susceptibility of high temperature and finite density QCD
- Hadronic resonance production and interaction in p-Pb collisions at LHC energies in EPOS3
- The imprint of conservation laws on correlated particle production
- Track Reconstruction in a High-Density Environment with ALICE
- Density correlations under global and local charge conservation