The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Dust emission effective radius up to 3 kpc in the Early Universe

Abstract

Measurements of the size of dust continuum emission are an important tool for constraining the spatial extent of star formation and hence the build-up of stellar mass. Compact dust emission has generally been observed at Cosmic Noon (z~2-3). However, at earlier epochs, toward the end of the Reionization (z~4-6), only the sizes of a handful of IR-bright galaxies have been measured. In this work, we derive the dust emission sizes of main-sequence galaxies at z~5 from the ALPINE survey. We measure the dust effective radius r_e,FIR in the uv-plane in Band 7 of ALMA for seven ALPINE galaxies with resolved emission and we compare it with rest-frame UV and [CII]158$\mu$m measurements. We study the r_e,FIR-L_IR scaling relation by considering our dust size measurements and all the data in literature at z~4-6. Finally, we compare our size measurements with predictions from simulations. The dust emission in the selected ALPINE galaxies is rather extended (r_e,FIR~1.5-3 kpc), similar to [CII]158 um but a factor of ~2 larger than the rest-frame UV emission. Putting together all the measurements at z~5, spanning 2 decades in luminosity from L_IR ~ 10^11 L_sun to L_IR ~ 10^13 L_sun, the data highlight a steeply increasing trend of the r_e,FIR-L_IR relation at L_IR< 10^12 L_sun, followed by a downturn and a decreasing trend at brighter luminosities. Finally, simulations that extend up to the stellar masses of the ALPINE galaxies considered in the present work predict a sub-set of galaxies (~25% at 10^10 M_sun < M_star < 10^11 M_sun) with sizes as large as those measured.

8 pages, Accepted by A&A

References in corpus (34)

• The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) -- Overview
• A Highly Consistent Framework for the Evolution of the Star-Forming "Main Sequence" from z~0-6
• 3D-HST+CANDELS: The Evolution of the Galaxy Size-Mass Distribution since $z=3$
• CASA, the Common Astronomy Software Applications for Radio Astronomy
• A Long Time Ago in a Galaxy Far, Far Away: A Candidate z ~ 12 Galaxy in Early JWST CEERS Imaging
• CEERS Epoch 1 NIRCam Imaging: Reduction Methods and Simulations Enabling Early JWST Science Results
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: data processing, catalogs, and statistical source properties
• High-redshift star formation in the ALMA era
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey. Little to no evolution in the [CII]-SFR relation over the last 13 Gyr
• Sub-kpc ALMA imaging of compact star-forming galaxies at z~2.5: revealing the formation of dense galactic cores in the progenitors of compact quiescent galaxies
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Multi-Wavelength Ancillary Data and Basic Physical Measurements
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Size of Individual Star-Forming Galaxies at z=4-6 and their Extended Halo Structure
• VLA and ALMA Imaging of Intense, Galaxy-Wide Star Formation in z ~ 2 Galaxies
• Bulge-forming galaxies with an extended rotating disk at z~2
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey: Molecular gas budget in the Early Universe as traced by [CII]
• Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshift are Expected to be Obscured by their Massive Host Galaxies' Inter Stellar Medium
• The properties of the interstellar medium of galaxies across time as traced by the neutral atomic carbon [CI]
• Predictions for the spatial distribution of the dust continuum emission in 1<z<5 star-forming galaxies
• The dust-to-stellar mass ratio as a valuable tool to probe the evolution of local and distant star forming galaxies
• GOODS-ALMA 2.0: Source catalog, number counts, and prevailing compact sizes in 1.1 mm galaxies
• Dual constraints with ALMA: new [O III] 88 $\mu$m and dust-continuum observations reveal the ISM conditions of luminous LBGs at $z\sim 7$
• The dust-continuum size of TNG50 galaxies at $z=1-5$: a comparison with the distribution of stellar light, stars, dust and H${}_2$
• The ISM scaling relations in DustPedia late-type galaxies: A benchmark study for the Local Universe
• Dust temperature in ALMA $\hbox{[C $\scriptstyle\rm II $]}$-detected high-$z$ galaxies
• GOODS-ALMA: The slow downfall of star-formation in $z$ = 2-3 massive galaxies
• Sub-millimetre compactness as a critical dimension to understand the Main Sequence of star-forming galaxies
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey: Dust mass budget in the early Universe
• GOODS-ALMA 2.0: Starbursts in the main sequence reveal compact star formation regulating galaxy evolution prequenching
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: A Triple Merger at z~4.56
• Predicting sub-millimeter flux densities from global galaxy properties
• A kpc-scale resolved study of unobscured and obscured star-formation activity in normal galaxies at z = 1.5 and 2.2 from ALMA and HiZELS
• Evidence of extended [CII] and dust emission in local dwarf galaxies
• The ALMA-ALPINE [CII] survey: sub-kpc morphology of 3 main-sequence galaxy systems at z~4.5 revealed by ALMA
• The dust effects on galaxy scaling relations

Cited by in corpus (9)

• The ALMA-CRISTAL survey: Widespread dust-obscured star formation in typical star-forming galaxies at z=4-6
• The ALMA-CRISTAL Survey: Spatial extent of [CII] line emission in star-forming galaxies at $z=4-6$
• ColdSIM predictions of [C II] emission in primordial galaxies
• Dust in High-Redshift Galaxies: Reconciling UV Attenuation and IR Emission
• PRIMER: JWST/MIRI reveals the evolution of star-forming structures in galaxies at z<2.5
• The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] Survey: Modelling ALMA and JWST lines to constrain the interstellar medium of $z\sim 5$ galaxies
• First Light And Reionisation Epoch Simulations (FLARES) XVI: Size Evolution of Massive Dusty Galaxies at Cosmic Dawn from UV to IR
• Unveiling dust, molecular gas, and high star formation efficiency in extremely UV bright star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 2.1-3.6$
• The NIKA2 cosmological legacy survey at 2 mm: catalogs, colors, redshift distributions, and implications for deep surveys