Ultraluminous X-ray sources

Abstract

The study of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) has changed dramatically over the last decade. In this review we first describe the most important observations of ULXs in various wavebands, and across multiple scales in space and time. We discuss recent progress and current unanswered questions. We consider the range of current theories of ULX properties in the light of this observational progress. Applying these models to neutron-star ULXs offers particularly stringent tests, as this is the unique case where the mass of the accretor is effectively fixed.

A preprint as close as possible to the open access article at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1387647322000306?via%3Dihub

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• The High Energy X-ray Probe (HEX-P): Studying Extreme Accretion with Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
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• Tilted Accretion Disks
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• The significant contribution of supersoft X-ray Sources to the nebular HeII line emission
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• The population of hyperluminous X-ray sources as seen by XMM-Newton
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• Spectral study of X-ray sources in some galaxies recently observed by Chandra
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• Identification of three new ultraluminous X-ray sources in NGC 4631 and NGC 1097: Evidence for stellar-mass black holes
• Comprehensive X-ray and Multiwavelength Study of ULXs in NGC 1566
• Optical flares due to X-ray irradiation during BeXRB major outbursts
• Unveiling the biconical geometry of the outflow in the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5204 X-1
• Surface gravity wave on a neutron star ocean trapped around a magnetic pole
• Probing spectral variability in NGC 4490 ULX-8 over 24 years of XMM-Newton, Chandra and Swift-XRT observations
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• Probing extreme black-hole outflows on short timescales via high spectral-resolution X-ray imagers
• The core starbursts of the galaxy NGC 3628: Radio very long baseline interferometry and X-ray studies
• Ultraluminous X-ray sources in the group-centric elliptical galaxy NGC 5813
• Ultraluminous X-ray sources in the first eROSITA survey I. Candidate catalogs