Spitzer IRAC observations of IR excess in Holmberg IX X-1: A circumbinary disk or a variable jet?

Abstract

We present Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) photometric observations of the Ultra-luminous X-ray Source (ULX, X-1) in Holmberg IX. We construct a spectral energy distribution (SED) for Holmberg IX X-1 based on published optical, UV and X-ray data combined with the IR data from this analysis. We modeled the X-ray and optical data with disk and stellar models, however we find a clear IR excess in the ULX SED that cannot be explained by fits or extrapolations of any of these models. Instead, further analysis suggests that the IR excess results either from dust emission, possibly from a circumbinary disk or from a variable jet.

arXiv comment25 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ

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Cited by in corpus (8)

• Ultraluminous X-ray sources
• Uncovering Red and Dusty Ultraluminous X-ray Sources with Spitzer
• Outbursts of the intermediate-mass black hole HLX-1: a wind instability scenario
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