Discovery of a 0.42-s pulsar in the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 7793 P13

Abstract

NGC 7793 P13 is a variable (luminosity range ~100) ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) proposed to host a stellar-mass black hole of less than 15 M${}_{\odot }$ in a binary system with orbital period of 64 d and a 18-23 M${}_{\odot }$ B9Ia companion. Within the EXTraS project we discovered pulsations at a period of ~0.42 s in two XMM-Newton observations of NGC 7793 P13, during which the source was detected at $L_{\mathrm{X}}\sim 2.1\times 10^{39}$ and $5\times 10^{39}$ erg s${}^{-1}$ (0.3-10 keV band). These findings unambiguously demonstrate that the compact object in NGC 7793 P13 is a neutron star accreting at super-Eddington rates. While standard accretion models face difficulties accounting for the pulsar X-ray luminosity, the presence of a multipolar magnetic field with $B$ ~ few $\times$ 10${}^{13}$ G close to the base of the accretion column appears to be in agreement with the properties of the system.

5 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; Version accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters

References in corpus (4)

• An Ultraluminous X-ray Source Powered by An Accreting Neutron Star
• An accreting pulsar with extreme properties drives an ultraluminous x-ray source in NGC 5907
• A mass of less than 15 solar masses for the black hole in an ultraluminous X-ray source
• On the Formation of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources with Neutron Star Accretors: the Case of M82 X-2

Cited by in corpus (175)

• Intermediate-Mass Black Holes
• Formation of Double Neutron Star Systems
• An accreting pulsar with extreme properties drives an ultraluminous x-ray source in NGC 5907
• A review of quasi-periodic oscillations from black hole X-ray binaries: observation and theory
• Observational evidence for intermediate-mass black holes
• The discovery of weak coherent pulsations in the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2
• Ultraluminous X-ray sources
• Pulsing ULXs: tip of the iceberg?
• Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
• Ultra-luminous X-ray sources and neutron-star-black-hole mergers from very massive close binaries at low metallicity
• Optically thick envelopes around ULXs powered by accreating neutron stars
• The ultracompact nature of the black hole candidate X-ray binary 47 Tuc X9
• A census of ultraluminous X-ray sources in the local Universe
• Spectral Changes in the Hyperluminous Pulsar in NGC 5907 as a Function of Super-Orbital Phase
• A new, clean catalogue of extragalactic non-nuclear X-ray sources in nearby galaxies
• Partial-envelope stripping and nuclear-timescale mass transfer from evolved supergiants at low metallicity
• Insight-HXMT discovery of the highest energy CRSF from the first Galactic ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124
• No magnetars in ULXs
• Super-Eddington accretion discs with advection and outflows around magnetized neutron stars
• Study of Recent outburst in the Be/X-ray binary RX J0209.6-7427 with AstroSat: A new ultraluminous X-ray pulsar in the Magellanic Bridge?
• Pulsing and Non-Pulsing ULXs: the Iceberg Emerges
• Long-term X-ray spectral evolution of Ultraluminous X-ray sources: implications on the accretion flow geometry and the nature of the accretor
• Evidence for an abundant old population of Galactic ultra long period magnetars and implications for fast radio bursts
• The origin of pulsating ultra-luminous X-ray sources: Low- and intermediate-mass X-ray binaries containing neutron star accretors
• On the radiation beaming of bright X-ray pulsars and constraints on neutron star mass-radius relation
• The Unusual Broadband X-ray Spectral Variability of NGC 1313 X-1 seen with XMM$-$Newton, Chandra and NuSTAR
• XMM-Newton Campaign On Ultraluminous X-ray Source NGC 1313 X-1: Wind vs. State Variability
• Pulsating ULXs: large pulsed fraction excludes strong beaming
• A ~60-day super-orbital period originating from the ultraluminous X-ray pulsar in M82
• Ionised Emission and Absorption in a Large Sample of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
• Population Synthesis of Black Hole X-Ray Binaries
• Super-Eddington accretion onto the Galactic ultraluminous X-ray pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124
• General relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulations of supercritical accretion onto magnetized neutron star; -modeling of ultra luminous x-ray pulsars
• Swift monitoring of M51: A 38-day super-orbital period for the pulsar ULX7 and a new transient ULX
• Modeling the light curves of ultraluminous X-ray sources as precession
• Chandra reveals a possible ultra-fast outflow in the super-Eddington Be/X-ray binary Swift J0243.6+6124
• The Hunt for Pulsating Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
• A Low-Flux State in IRAS 00521-7054 seen with NuSTAR and XMM-Newton: Relativistic Reflection and an Ultrafast Outflow
• Bright end of the luminosity function of high-mass X-ray binaries: contributions of hard, soft and supersoft sources
• Multiband counterparts of two eclipsing ultraluminous X-ray sources in M 51
• A new candidate pulsating ULX in NGC 7793
• Theoretical modeling of Comptonized X-ray spectra of super-Eddington accretion flow: origin of hard excess in Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
• Long-term pulse period evolution of the ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar NGC 7793 P13
• Orbital and super-orbital periods in ULX pulsars, disc-fed HMXBs, Be/X-ray binaries and double-periodic variables
• The EXTraS Project: Exploring the X-ray transient and variable sky
• SWIFT Detection of a 65-Day X-ray Period from the Ultraluminous Pulsar NGC 7793 P13
• Uncovering Red and Dusty Ultraluminous X-ray Sources with Spitzer
• Stellar wind accretion and accretion disk formation: applications to neutron star high mass X-ray binaries
• Super-Eddington Emission from Accreting, Highly Magnetised Neutron Stars with a Multipolar Magnetic Field
• NIR Counterparts to ULXs (III): Completing the photometric survey and selected spectroscopic results
• AstroSat Observations of the first Galactic ULX Pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124
• Probing the nature of the low state in the extreme ultraluminous X-ray pulsar NGC 5907 ULX1
• On the Magnetic Fields, Beaming Fractions, and Fastness Parameters of Pulsating Ultra-Luminous X-Ray Sources
• CG X-1: an eclipsing Wolf-Rayet ULX in the Circinus galaxy
• Beamed emission from a neutron-star ULX in a GRRMHD simulation
• A search for active galactic nuclei in low-mass compact galaxies
• Ultraluminous X-ray sources with flat-topped noise and QPO
• Quasi-periodic dipping in the ultraluminous X-ray source, NGC 247 ULX-1
• Formation and Evolution of Ultraluminous X-ray Pulsar Binaries to Pulsar-Neutron Star and Pulsar-White Dwarf Systems
• Chandra probes the X-ray variability of M51 ULX-7: evidence of propeller transition and X-ray dips on orbital periods
• Formation of Mass-gap Black Holes from Neutron Star X-ray Binaries with Super-Eddington Accretion
• How to make a mature accreting magnetar
• Searching for the Donor Stars of ULX Pulsars
• Soft Extragalactic X-Ray Binaries at the Eddington Threshold
• Observing the transient pulsations of SMC X-1 with NuSTAR
• Linking soft excess in ultraluminous X-ray sources with optically thick wind driven by supercritical accretion
• The (re)appearance of NGC 925 ULX-3, a new transient ULX
• A Population of Neutron Star Ultraluminous X-ray Sources with A Helium Star Companion
• Broadband X-ray spectral variability of the pulsing ULX NGC 1313 X-2
• Super-Eddington accretion onto a stellar mass ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 4190 ULX1
• The Ultraluminous X-ray sources population of the galaxy NGC 7456
• The rare X-ray flaring activity of the Ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 4559 X7
• HD 49798: Its History of Binary Interaction and Future Evolution
• Neutron Stars and Black Holes in the Small Magellanic Cloud: The SMC NuSTAR Legacy Survey
• The chameleon on the branches: spectral state transition and dips in NGC 247 ULX-1
• The maximum accreted mass of recycled pulsars
• Particle acceleration and multi-messenger radiation from Ultra-Luminous X-ray Sources: A new class of Galactic PeVatrons
• A New Transient Ultraluminous X-ray Source in NGC 7090
• Simulating the shock dynamics of a neutron star accretion column
• Pulsed fraction of super-critical column accretion flows onto neutron stars: modeling of ultraluminous X-ray pulsars
• Radio monitoring of transient Be/X-ray binaries and the inflow-outflow coupling of strongly-magnetized accreting neutron stars
• Population synthesis of ultraluminous X-ray sources with magnetised neutron stars
• Exploring X-ray variability with unsupervised machine learning I. Self-organizing maps applied to XMM-Newton data
• Electron-positron pairs in hot plasma of accretion column in bright X-ray pulsars
• Paving the way to simultaneous multi-wavelength astronomy
• Modeling of Thermal Emission from ULX Pulsar Swift J0243.6+6124 with General Relativistic Radiation MHD simulations
• Insight-HXMT observations of Swift J0243.6+6124: the evolution of RMS pulse fractions at super-Eddington luminosity
• Evolution of the spin, spectrum and super-orbital period of the ultraluminous X-ray pulsar M51 ULX7
• A new sample of transient ultraluminous X-ray sources serendipitously discovered by Swift/XRT
• The origin of the bimodal luminosity distribution of ultraluminous X-ray pulsars
• Identification of the Hard X-ray Source Dominating the E > 25 keV Emission of the Nearby Galaxy M31
• The Binary Black Hole Merger Rate from Ultraluminous X-ray Source Progenitors
• Long-term Spectral Variability of the Ultra-luminous X-ray source Holmberg IX X--1
• The Transient Ultra-luminous X-ray Source, ULX-4, in M51
• Quasi periodic whispers from a transient ULX in M\,101: signatures of a fast-spinning neutron star?
• A multi-wavelength view of distinct accretion regimes in the pulsating ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2
• Radiative MHD Simulations of Photon Bubbles in Radiation-Supported Magnetized Atmospheres of Neutron Stars with Isotropic Thomson Scattering
• Optical Counterparts of ULXs and Their Host Environments in NGC 4490/4485
• An 8.56 keV absorption line in the hyperluminous X-ray source in NGC 4045: ultra-fast outflow or cyclotron line?
• Comparing the Super-Eddington accretion of SMC X-3 and RX J0209.6-7427 with Swift J0243.6+6124
• A new pulsating neutron star in the Ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 4559 X7?
• Propeller states in locally super-critical ULXs
• On the Magnetic Fields of Ultraluminous X-ray Pulsars
• Spectral state transitions in Circinus ULX5
• Bright X-ray pulsars as sources of MeV neutrinos in the sky
• Searching for Super-Eddington Quasars using a Photon Trapping Accretion Disc Model
• Investigating the nature of the ultraluminous X-ray sources in the galaxy NGC 925
• Two-dimensional Inflow-outflow Solution of Supercritical Accretion Flow
• Detection of 125.5-day Optical Periodic Modulation of the Neutron Star M51 ULX-8
• Optical Counterparts of ULXs in NGC 1672
• Broadband X-ray Spectral Study of Ultra-luminous X-ray Source M81 X--6
• Exploring the nature of ultra-luminous X-ray sources across stellar population ages using detailed binary evolution calculations
• Identification of a Helium Donor Star in NGC 247 ULX-1
• What Determines Unique Spectra of Super-Eddington Accretors?: Origin of Optically Thick and Low Temperature Coronae in Super-Eddington Accretion Flows
• High Excitation Emission Line Nebula associated with an Ultra Luminous X-ray Source at $z=$ 0.027 in the \textit{AKARI} North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field
• X-Ray Views of Galactic Accreting Pulsars in High-Mass X-Ray Binaries
• Measuring the black hole mass in Ultraluminous X-ray Sources with the X-ray Scaling Method
• High-Mass X-Ray Binaries with Be Donors as Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
• VLT MUSE observations of the bubble nebula around NGC 1313 X-2 and evidence for additional photoionization
• ULX collimation by outflows in moderately magnetized neutron stars
• Spectral Evolution of Ultraluminous X-ray Pulsar NGC 300 ULX-1
• The ultraluminous X-ray source M81 X-6: a weakly magnetised neutron star with a precessing accretion disc?
• GR-RMHD Simulations of Super-Eddington Accretion Flows onto a Neutron Star with Dipole and Quadrupole Magnetic Fields
• X-ray properties of two transient ULX candidates in galaxy NGC 7090
• Hard X-ray flares and spectral variability in NGC 4395 ULX1
• The largest bright ULX population in a galaxy: X-ray variability and Luminosity Function in the Cartwheel ring Galaxy
• Constraint on the accretion of NGC 6946 X-1 using broadband X-ray data
• The Orbit of NGC 5907 ULX-1
• The ULX Source X-3 in NGC 4258: A Search for Its X-ray and Optical Properties
• An extreme Ultraluminous X-ray source X-1 in NGC 5055
• Modelling multiwavelength emission of Ultra-luminous X-ray Sources accreting above the Eddington limit
• Investigation of the timing and spectral properties of an Ultra-luminous X-ray pulsar NGC 7793 P13
• Evidence for Fe K${}_{\alpha }$ line and soft X-ray lag in NGC 7456 ULX-1
• Identification of a New Ultraluminous X-ray Source in NGC 1316
• Populations of ultraluminous X-ray sources in galaxies: origin and evolution
• Digging a little deeper: characterising three new extreme ULX candidates
• Bubble in the Whale: Identifying the Optical Counterparts and Extended Nebula for the Ultraluminous X-ray Sources in NGC 4631
• Characteristics and evolution of Be-type high mass X-ray binaries as potential Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
• X-raying the Birth of Binary Neutron Stars and Neutron Star-Black Hole Binaries
• A follow-up on intermediate-mass black hole candidates in the second LIGO-Virgo observing run with the Bayes Coherence Ratio
• Optical Counterparts of ULXs in Two Dwarf Galaxies: NGC 4861 and NGC 4449
• X-ray reverberation models of the disc wind in ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5408 X-1
• Nature of donors in ultra-luminous X-ray binaries powered by neutron stars
• Spectral analysis of ultraluminous X-ray pulsars with models of X-ray pulsars
• Searching for the highest energy of pulsation and critical luminosity of Swift J0243.6+6124 observed by Insight-HXMT
• NGC 2403 XMM4: evidence for a super-Eddington neutron star with a possible transient pulsation
• Clumpy wind studies and the non-detection of cyclotron line in OAO 1657-415
• The hunt for new pulsating ultraluminous X-ray sources: a clustering approach
• Pulsating ultraluminous X-ray sources: modeling the thermal emission and polarization properties
• Magnetic precession as a model for QPOs in PULXs: flat-top noise ULXs are different
• Energy flow and radiation efficiency in radiative GRMHD simulations of neutron star ultraluminous X-ray sources
• The population of hyperluminous X-ray sources as seen by XMM-Newton
• Study on the magnetic field of the ultraluminous X-ray pulsar RX J0209.6-7427
• Phase-Dependent Spectral Shape Changes in the Ultraluminous X-Ray Pulsar NGC 5907 ULX1
• Comprehensive X-ray and Multiwavelength Study of ULXs in NGC 1566
• The First Glimpse of ULXs Through the Near-Infrared Images Captured by the James Webb Space Telescope
• New outburst from the luminous supersoft source SSS1 in NGC 300 with periodic modulation
• Radiative GRMHD simulations of accretion disks
• Optical Counterparts of Two Candidate Ultraluminous X-ray Sources in NGC 4536
• A Study of Spectral Variability between flaring and non-flaring state in M74 X-1
• Exploring the nature of an ultraluminous X-ray source in NGC 628
• Estimating the black hole mass of NGC1313 X-1 based on the spectral and timing properties
• Constraints on the collimated X-ray emission of SS 433 from the reflection on molecular clouds
• Synchrotron cutoff in Ultraluminous X-ray sources
• Spectral variability in NGC 1042 ULX1
• Monte-Carlo simulations on possible collimation effects of outflows to fan-beamed emission of ultraluminous accreting X-ray pulsars
• An expanded ultraluminous X-ray source catalogue
• Probing spectral variability in NGC 4490 ULX-8 over 24 years of XMM-Newton, Chandra and Swift-XRT observations
• A Multi-Mission Catalogue of Ultraluminous X-ray Source Candidates
• Exploring the magnetic field of the ultraluminous X-ray pulsar NGC 4631 X-8
• Ultraluminous X-ray sources in the first eROSITA survey I. Candidate catalogs
• Ultraluminous X-ray sources in the group-centric elliptical galaxy NGC 5813
• Probing extreme black-hole outflows on short timescales via high spectral-resolution X-ray imagers
• Spectral and Temporal Properties of Ultra-luminous X-ray Source NGC 55 ULX1
• Possible optical counterparts of ULXs in NGC 1672