Ultraluminous X-ray sources in the group-centric elliptical galaxy NGC 5813
arXiv:2508.05261 · doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1316
Abstract
The number of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (ULXs) is observed to be correlated with the current star formation rate in late-type galaxies and with the stellar mass in early-type galaxies (ETGs). Since there is very little gas, dust or star formation in ETGs, it has been suggested that most of the ULXs associated with them could be high luminosity Low Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXBs) or foreground/background sources. It has been reported that NGC 5813, the central dominant (cD) galaxy in the NGC 5846 group of galaxies, which shows signs of a possible recent merger event, has an unusually high number of ULXs. We have undertaken a multi-epoch spectral study of the persistent ULXs in the galaxy using Chandra and XMM-Newton observations. Of the eight ULXs reported elsewhere, four have been re-identified, two are not consistently detected across all nine Chandra observations, and two are found to be foreground sources. One new persistent ULX has been identified. We present a spectral analysis of the five ULXs with luminosity consistently greater than erg/s in nine Chandra-ACIS observations, and assess their variability, adding data from XMM-Newton. The association of these ULXs with globular clusters was examined: we find one ULX lying within the field of an HST observation within 0.1 of the centre of a globular cluster. Optical and UV counterparts are found for another ULX. One of the ULXs is found to be variable over the time scale of days, but there is no unambiguous evidence of longer-term variability for the remaining ULXs.
arXiv comment12 pages, 10 figures. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of Royal Astronomical Society following peer review. The version of record [insert complete citation information here] is available online at: xxxxxxx [insert URL that the author will receive upon publication here]
References in corpus (88)
- The Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
- The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI: Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections
- On characterising the variability properties of X-ray light curves from active galaxies
- The Atlas3D project -- I. A volume-limited sample of 260 nearby early-type galaxies: science goals and selection criteria
- An Ultraluminous X-ray Source Powered by An Accreting Neutron Star
- Cosmicflows-2: The Data
- Super-critically accreting stellar-mass black holes as ultraluminous X-ray sources
- Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
- The SAURON project - III. Integral-field absorption-line kinematics of 48 elliptical and lenticular galaxies
- An accreting pulsar with extreme properties drives an ultraluminous x-ray source in NGC 5907
- The Ultraluminous State
- X-ray Spectral Variability and Rapid Variability of the Soft X-ray Spectrum Seyfert 1 Galaxies Ark 564 and Ton S180
- The Ultra-Luminous X-ray Source Population from the Chandra Archive of Galaxies
- Bayesian Estimation of Hardness Ratios: Modeling and Computations
- Discovery of a 0.42-s pulsar in the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 7793 P13
- Discovery of coherent pulsations from the Ultraluminous X-ray Source NGC 7793 P13
- Ultraluminous X-ray Sources in the Chandra and XMM-Newton Era
- New Insights from HST Studies of Globular Cluster Systems I: Colors, Distances and Specific Frequencies of 28 Elliptical Galaxies
- X-ray Spectroscopic Evidence for Intermediate Mass Black Holes: Cool Accretion Disks in Two Ultra--Luminous X-ray Sources
- XMM-Newton observations of the brightest Ultraluminous X-ray sources
- Discovery of pulsations from NGC 300 ULX1 and its fast period evolution
- The ultraluminous state revisited: fractional variability and spectral shape as diagnostics of super-Eddington accretion
- A spectral-timing model for ULXs in the super-critical regime
- Slim Disk Model for Ultra-Luminous X-Ray Sources
- Shocks and Cavities from Multiple Outbursts in the Galaxy Group NGC 5813: A Window to AGN Feedback
- The X-ray Globular Cluster Population in NGC 1399
- Chandra X-ray Observations of the X-ray Faint Elliptical Galaxy NGC 4697
- The discovery of weak coherent pulsations in the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2
- The origin of cold gas in giant elliptical galaxies and its role in fueling radio-mode AGN feedback
- Ultraluminous X-ray sources
- Discovery of a 2.8 s pulsar in a 2 d orbit High-Mass X-ray Binary powering the Ultraluminous X-ray source ULX-7 in M51
- Spectral variability of ultraluminous X-ray sources
- Resolving the Mystery of X-ray Faint Elliptical Galaxies: Chandra X-ray Observations of NGC 4697
- Low metallicity and ultra-luminous X-ray sources in the Cartwheel galaxy
- Chandra Acis Survey of X-Ray Point Sources in 383 Nearby Galaxies I. the Source Catalog
- Diffuse Gas and LMXBs in the Chandra Observation of the S0 Galaxy NGC 1553
- Pulsator-like spectra from Ultraluminous X-ray sources and the search for more ultraluminous pulsars
- Compact Optical Counterparts of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
- The optical counterpart of an Ultra-luminous X-Ray Source in NGC 5204
- New Insights from HST Studies of Globular Cluster Systems II: Analysis of 29 S0 Systems
- ULX spectra revisited: Accreting, highly magnetized neutron stars as the engines of ultraluminous X-ray sources
- A census of ultraluminous X-ray sources in the local Universe
- Probable intermediate mass black holes in NGC4559: XMM-Newton spectral and timing constraints
- Blunting the Spike: the CV Minimum Period
- Spectral States and Evolution of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
- Super-Eddington Accretion onto the Neutron Star NGC 7793 P13: Broadband X-ray Spectroscopy and Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
- Unveiling the Cygnus OB2 stellar population with Chandra
- Chandra observations of five ultraluminous X-ray sources in nearby galaxies
- Another intermediate mass black hole in a starburst galaxy?: The luminous X-ray source in NGC 3628 reappears
- A transition to a low/soft state in the ultra-luminous compact X-ray source Holmberg II X-1
- XMM-Newton campaign on the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 247 ULX-1: outflows
- Long-term X-ray spectral evolution of Ultraluminous X-ray sources: implications on the accretion flow geometry and the nature of the accretor
- X-Ray Monitoring of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources
- Chandra Observations of Diffuse Gas and Luminous X-ray Sources Around the X-ray Bright Elliptical NGC 1600
- X-ray Source Population in the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 720 with Chandra
- Revisiting Putative Cool Accretion Disks in Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
- All at once: transient pulsations, spin down and a glitch from the Pulsating Ultraluminous X-ray Source M82 X-2
- Chandra monitoring observations of the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5204 X-1
- An Unusual Spectral State of an Ultra-luminous Very Soft X-ray Source during Outburst
- HMXB, ULX and star formation
- Near-Infrared Observations of Globular Clusters in NGC 4472, NGC 4594, NGC 3585 and NGC 5813 and Implications for their Ages and Metallicities
- Globular Cluster Systems and their Host Galaxies: Comparison of Spatial Distributions and Colors
- Discovery of a recurrent spectral evolutionary cycle in the ultra-luminous X-ray sources Holmberg II X-1 and NGC 5204 X-1
- X-Ray Spectral Variability of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources in Extragalactic Globular Clusters
- Chandra ACIS Survey of X-ray Point Sources in Nearby Galaxies. II. X-ray Luminosity Functions and Ultraluminous X-ray Sources
- The Diffuse Emission and a Variable ULX in the Elliptical Galaxy NGC 3379
- A Chandra view of the normal S0 galaxy NGC 1332: I. An unbroken, steep power law luminosity function for the LMXB population
- Observational Evidence for Enhanced Black Hole Accretion in Giant Elliptical Galaxies
- The effect of advection at luminosities close to Eddington: The ULX in M31
- An Environmental Study of the Ultraluminous X-ray Source Population in Early-type Galaxies
- A Comparison of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources in NGC 1399 and the Antennae Galaxies (NGC 4038/4039)
- Spatially resolved star formation image and the ULX population in NGC2207/IC2163
- X-Ray Spectroscopy of Newly Identified ULXs Associated With M87's Globular Cluster Population
- Discovery of a transient ultraluminous X-ray source in the elliptical galaxy M86
- Spectral variability in Swift and Chandra observations of the Ultraluminous source NGC 55 ULX1
- Globular clusters in the far-ultraviolet: evidence for He-enriched second populations in extra-galactic globular clusters?
- Three Ultraluminous X-ray Sources Hosted by Globular Clusters in NGC 1316
- A new sample of transient ultraluminous X-ray sources serendipitously discovered by Swift/XRT
- The fading of two transient ULXs to below the stellar mass Eddington limit
- Unveiling the disc structure in ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 55 ULX-1
- Rhombic cell analysis II. Application to the IRAS/PSCz Catalogue
- Investigating the nature of the ultraluminous X-ray sources in the galaxy NGC 925
- Spectral Properties of X-ray Binaries in Centaurus A
- The ultraluminous X-ray source M81 X-6: a weakly magnetised neutron star with a precessing accretion disc?
- Globular Cluster Ultraluminous X-ray Sources in the Furthest Early-Type Galaxies
- NGC 300 ULX1: A new ULX pulsar in NGC 300
- Long term optical variability of bright X-ray point sources in elliptical galaxies
- Spectral variability in NGC 1042 ULX1