Search for planets around stars with wide brown dwarfs

Abstract

Aims. The project aims to understand better the role of wide brown dwarf companions on planetary systems. Methods. We obtained high-resolution spectra of six bright stars with co-moving wide substellar companions with the SONG, CARMENES, and STELLA high-resolution spectrographs. We used these spectra to derive radial velocities together with a complete set of stellar physical parameters. We then investigated radial velocities signals and discussed the fraction of planets in such systems. We also re-analyzed the ages of our targets, which were used to derive the physical parameters of wide brown dwarf companions. Finally, a compilation of systems with known planets from the literature is considered along with our sample to search for possible peculiarities in their parameter distributions. Results. Based on the derived ages of six observed systems, we re-computed the masses of the wide companions, confirming their substellar nature. We confirmed planets in the HD 3651 and HIP 70849 systems and found a new planetary candidate in the HD 46588 system. In our survey, which is sensitive mostly to Neptune-mass planets at short periods of a few days and Saturn-mass planets at longer periods of hundreds of days, we derived a frequency of planets orbiting stars with wide brown dwarf companions below 70% with the uncertainties included. Comparing the parameter distributions of our sample with single stars, we observe the enhancement of planets with short periods below six days in systems with a wide stellar companion. Finally, planets in systems with wide BD companions follow their own eccentricity distribution with a maximum at $\sim 0.65$ and have periods larger than 40 days, masses larger than $0.1M_J$, and eccentricities larger than 0.4.

28 pages, 31 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

References in corpus (50)

• The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
• A grid of MARCS model atmospheres for late-type stars I. Methods and general properties
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS)
• The generalised Lomb-Scargle periodogram. A new formalism for the floating-mean and Keplerian periodograms
• The Evolution of L and T Dwarfs in Color-Magnitude Diagrams
• VOSA: Virtual Observatory SED Analyzer. An application to the Collinder 69 open cluster
• Determining stellar atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances of FGK stars with iSpec
• Basic physical parameters of a selected sample of evolved stars
• Spectrum radial velocity analyser (SERVAL). High-precision radial velocities and two alternative spectral indicators
• Accurate, Empirical Radii and Masses of Planets and their Host Stars with Gaia Parallaxes
• Structure and Evolution of Nearby Stars with Planets II. Physical Properties of ~1000 Cool Stars from the SPOCS Catalog
• Modern stellar spectroscopy caveats
• Meeting the Cool Neighbors. IX. The Luminosity Function of M7-L8 Ultracool Dwarfs in the Field
• Spitzer Secondary Eclipses of the Dense, Modestly-irradiated, Giant Exoplanet HAT-P-20b Using Pixel-Level Decorrelation
• Discovery of Two T Dwarf Companions with the Spitzer Space Telescope
• Stellar activity of planetary host star HD 189733
• Properties of planets in binary systems. The role of binary separation
• Stellar Parameters and Metallicities of Stars Hosting Jovian and Neptunian Mass Planets: A Possible Dependence of Planetary Mass on Metallicity
• A new library of theoretical stellar spectra with scaled-solar and alpha-enhanced mixtures
• Fluxes in Hαand Ca II H and K for a sample of Southern stars
• Bayesian search for low-mass planets around nearby M dwarfs. Estimates for occurrence rate based on global detectability statistics
• Lithium Depletion of Nearby Young Stellar Associations
• HD 203030B: an Unusually Cool Young Sub-Stellar Companion near the L/T Transition
• Atomic and Molecular Data for Optical Stellar Spectroscopy
• The frequency of planets in multiple systems
• HD3651B: the first directly imaged brown dwarf companion of an exoplanet host star
• Multi-order TODCOR: application to observations taken with the CORALIE echelle spectrograph
• A Search for Multi-Planet Systems Using the Hobby-Eberly Telescope
• The CORALIE survey for southern extra-solar planets XV. Discovery of two eccentric planets orbiting HD4113 and HD156846
• First Results From The Hertzsprung Song Telescope: Asteroseismology Of The G5 Subgiant Star {\Mu}Her
• LACEwING: A New Moving Group Analysis Code
• Wide, Cool and Ultracool Companions to Nearby Stars from Pan-STARRS1
• The Physical Properties of HD 3651B: An Extrasolar Nemesis?
• Detection of the nearest Jupiter analog in radial velocity and astrometry data
• Discovery of Seven Companions to Intermediate Mass Stars with Extreme Mass Ratios in the Scorpius-Centaurus Association
• Signatures of rocky planet engulfment in HAT-P-4. Implications for chemical tagging studies
• A critical reassessment of the fundamental properties of GJ 504: Chemical composition and age
• The multiplicity of planet host stars - New low-mass companions to planet host stars
• Spectroscopic parameters for solar-type stars with moderate/high rotation. New parameters for 10 planet-hosts
• Truly eccentric. I. Revisiting eight single-eccentric planetary systems
• EXPRES I. HD~3651 an Ideal RV Benchmark
• Search for Nearby Earth Analogs. II. detection of five new planets, eight planet candidates, and confirmation of three planets around nine nearby M dwarfs
• On detectability of Zeeman broadening in optical spectra of F- and G-dwarfs
• Conducting the SONG: The robotic nature and efficiency of a fully automated telescope
• Frequency of Planets in Binaries
• Precise radial velocities of giant stars. XI. Two brown dwarfs in 6:1 mean motion resonance around the K giant star $\nu$ Ophiuchi
• The Prototypical Young L/T-Transition Dwarf HD 203030B Likely Has Planetary Mass
• Mid-infrared imaging of brown dwarfs in binary systems
• Binary frequency of planet-host stars at wide separations: A new brown dwarf companion to a planet-host star
• The California Legacy Survey I. A Catalog of 178 Planets from Precision Radial Velocity Monitoring of 719 Nearby Stars over Three Decades

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Expanding the frontiers of cool-dwarf asteroseismology with ESPRESSO. Detection of solar-like oscillations in the K5 dwarf $\epsilon$ Indi
• Luminaries in the Sky: The TESS Legacy Sample of Bright Stars. I. Asteroseismic detections in naked-eye main-sequence and sub-giant solar-like oscillators
• BD-14 3065b (TOI-4987b): from giant planet to brown dwarf: evidence for deuterium burning in old age?
• TOI-2458 b: A mini-Neptune consistent with in situ hot Jupiter formation
• Chemical composition of planetary hosts: II. Abundances of neutron-capture elements
• SPORES-HWO. II. Companion Mass Limits and Updated Planet Properties for 120 Future Exoplanet Imaging Targets from 35 yr of Precise Doppler Monitoring
• Silicate Clouds, SiO, and Molecular Trends across the L-T Sequence: A JWST/MIRI LRS Spectral Library of Brown Dwarfs
• JWST-TST High Contrast: First Direct Spectroscopy of GJ 504 b reveals Clouds and Possible Metal Enrichment
• The GAPS Programme at TNG LXVIII. Characterization of the outer substellar companion around HD 72659 with a multi-technique approach