Two intermediate-mass transiting brown dwarfs from the TESS mission

Abstract

We report the discovery of two intermediate-mass brown dwarfs (BDs), TOI-569b and TOI-1406b, from NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission. TOI-569b has an orbital period of $P=6.55604\pm 0.00016$ days, a mass of $M_b=64.1\pm 1.9M_J$, and a radius of $R_b=0.75\pm 0.02R_J$. Its host star, TOI-569, has a mass of $M_{\star }=1.21\pm 0.03M_{\odot }$, a radius of $R_{\star }=1.47\pm 0.03R_{\odot }$, $[Fe/H]=+0.29\pm 0.09$ dex, and an effective temperature of $T_{\mathrm{eff}}=5768\pm 110K$. TOI-1406b has an orbital period of $P=10.57415\pm 0.00063$ days, a mass of $M_b=46.0\pm 2.7M_J$, and a radius of $R_b=0.86\pm 0.03R_J$. The host star for this BD has a mass of $M_{\star }=1.18\pm 0.09M_{\odot }$, a radius of $R_{\star }=1.35\pm 0.03R_{\odot }$, $[Fe/H]=-0.08\pm 0.09$ dex and an effective temperature of $T_{\mathrm{eff}}=6290\pm 100K$. Both BDs are in circular orbits around their host stars and are older than 3 Gyr based on stellar isochrone models of the stars. TOI-569 is one of two slightly evolved stars known to host a transiting BD (the other being KOI-415). TOI-1406b is one of three known transiting BDs to occupy the mass range of $40-50M_J$ and one of two to have a circular orbit at a period near 10 days (with the first being KOI-205b).Both BDs have reliable ages from stellar isochrones in addition to their well-constrained masses and radii, making them particularly valuable as tests for substellar isochrones in the BD mass-radius diagram.

arXiv comment18 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in AJ

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