Minimum Orbital Periods of H-Rich Bodies

Abstract

In this work we derive the minimum allowed orbital periods of H-rich bodies ranging in mass from Saturn's mass to 1 $M_{\odot }$, emphasizing gas giants and brown dwarfs over the range $0.0003-0.074M_{\odot }$. Analytic fitting formulae for $P_{\min }$ as a function of the mass of the body and as a function of the mean density are presented. We assume that the density of the host star is sufficiently high so as not to limit the minimum period. In many instances this implies that the host star is a white dwarf. This work is aimed, in part, toward distinguishing brown dwarfs from planets that are found transiting the host white dwarf without recourse to near infrared or radial velocity measurements. In particular, orbital periods of $\lesssim 100$ minutes are very likely to be brown dwarfs. The overall minimum period over this entire mass range is $\simeq 37$ minutes.

arXiv comment10 pages, 7 figures ApJ (accepted April 12, 2021)

References in corpus (40)

• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Giant Planets, Oscillations, Rotation, and Massive Stars
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Binaries, Pulsations, and Explosions
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Convective Boundaries, Element Diffusion, and Massive Star Explosions
• Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA): Pulsating Variable Stars, Rotation, Convective Boundaries, and Energy Conservation
• Mass-Radius Relationships for Solid Exoplanets
• Defining and cataloging exoplanets: The exoplanet.eu database
• Probabilistic Forecasting of the Masses and Radii of Other Worlds
• Homogeneous studies of transiting extrasolar planets. IV. Thirty systems with space-based light curves
• A disintegrating minor planet transiting a white dwarf
• KELT-1b: A Strongly Irradiated, Highly Inflated, Short Period, 27 Jupiter-mass Companion Transiting a mid-F Star
• A Giant Planet Candidate Transiting a White Dwarf
• A planetesimal orbiting within the debris disc around a white dwarf star
• Accretion of a giant planet onto a white dwarf
• General relativistic orbital decay in a seven-minute-orbital-period eclipsing binary system
• The Roche limit for close-orbiting planets: Minimum density, composition constraints, and application to the 4.2-hour planet KOI 1843.03
• A giant exoplanet orbiting a very low-mass star challenges planet formation models
• The EBLM Project I-Physical and orbital parameters, including spin-orbit angles, of two low-mass eclipsing binaries on opposite sides of the Brown Dwarf limit
• A systematic search of Zwicky Transient Facility data for ultracompact binary LISA-detectable gravitational-wave sources
• A Definition for Giant Planets Based on the Mass-Density Relationship
• Transit surveys for Earths in the habitable zones of white dwarfs
• High-speed photometry of the disintegrating planetesimals at WD1145+017: evidence for rapid dynamical evolution
• A White Dwarf with Transiting Circumstellar Material Far Outside the Roche Limit
• Theoretical Considerations on the Properties of Accreting Millisecond Pulsars
• An 8.8 minute orbital period eclipsing detached double white dwarf binary
• The substellar companion in the eclipsing white dwarf binary SDSS J141126.20+200911.1
• The unblinking eye on the sky
• EPIC201702477b: A Long Period Transiting Brown Dwarf from K2
• Improved parameters of seven Kepler giant companions characterized with SOPHIE and HARPS-N
• Two intermediate-mass transiting brown dwarfs from the TESS mission
• The shortest period detached white dwarf + main-sequence binary
• Explorations into the Viability of Coupled Radius-Orbit Evolutionary Models for Inflated Planets
• TOI-503: The first known brown dwarf-Am star binary from the TESS mission
• WD1032+011, an inflated brown dwarf in an old eclipsing binary with a white dwarf
• New substellar discoveries from Kepler and K2: Is there a brown dwarf desert?
• WD 1145+017: Optical Activity During 2016-2017 and Limits on the X-Ray Flux
• WD 1202-024: The Shortest-Period Pre-Cataclysmic Variable
• On the detectability of transiting planets orbiting white dwarfs using LSST
• Minimum Orbital Period of Pre-Cataclysmic Variables
• The Search for Planet and Planetesimal Transits of White Dwarfs with the Zwicky Transient Facility

Cited by in corpus (6)

• A seven-Earth-radius helium-burning star inside a 20.5-min detached binary
• Four new deeply-eclipsing white dwarfs in ZTF
• Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
• ZTFJ0038+2030: a long period eclipsing white dwarf and a substellar companion
• A tentative 114-minute orbital period challenges the ultra-compact nature of the X-ray binary 4U 1812-12
• Fates of the sub-stellar objects (FOSSO) I. Fates of the known brown dwarfs in main-sequence--BD binaries