Topological quantum materials from the viewpoint of chemistry

Abstract

Topology, a mathematical concept, has recently become a popular and truly transdisciplinary topic encompassing condensed matter physics, solid state chemistry, and materials science. Since there is a direct connection between real space, namely atoms, valence electrons, bonds and orbitals, and reciprocal space, namely bands and Fermi surfaces, via symmetry and topology, classifying topological materials within a single-particle picture is possible. Currently, most materials are classified as trivial insulators, semimetals and metals, or as topological insulators, Dirac and Weyl nodal-line semimetals, and topological metals. The key ingredients for topology are: certain symmetries, the inert pair effect of the outer electrons leading to inversion of the conduction and valence bands, and spin-orbit coupling. This review presents the topological concepts related to solids from the viewpoint of a solid-state chemist, summarizes techniques for growing single crystals, and describes basic physical property measurement techniques to characterize topological materials beyond their structure and provide examples of such materials. Finally, a brief outlook on the impact of topology in other areas of chemistry is provided at the end of the article.

Review Article, 28 Figures

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• Topological Surface States and Dirac point tuning in ternary Bi2Te2Se class of topological insulators
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• Chiral fermion reversal in chiral crystals
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• Thermopower and Unconventional Nernst in the Predicted Type-II Weyl Semi-metal WTe${}_2$
• Direct observation of handedness-dependent quasiparticle interference in the two enantiomers of topological chiral semimetal PdGa
• Disentangling the magnetoelectric and thermoelectric transport in topological insulator thin films
• Single crystal growth and magnetoresistivity study of topological semimetal CoSi
• Observation of sixfold degenerate fermions in PdSb${}_2$
• Floating zone furnace equipped with a high power laser of 1kW composed of five smart beams
• Bringing order to the expanding fermion zoo

Cited by in corpus (29)

• Excellent catalytic performance towards the hydrogen evolution reaction in topological semimetals
• Breaking symmetry with light: photo-induced chirality in a non-chiral crystal
• Topogivity: A Machine-Learned Chemical Rule for Discovering Topological Materials
• Discovering two-dimensional magnetic topological insulators by machine learning
• Magnetic and electronic structure of the topological semimetal YbMnSb${}_2$
• Chemical Principles of Intrinsic Topological Superconductors
• Constructing the spin-1 Haldane phase on a qudit quantum processor
• Topological Electride Phase of Sodium at High Pressures and Temperatures
• Plasmon Fizeau drag in 3D Dirac and Weyl semimetals
• Competition between Ta-Ta and Te-Te bonding leading to the commensurate charge density wave in TaTe4
• Thin films as practical quantum materials: a status quo and beyond
• Longitudinal DC Conductivity in Dirac Nodal Line Semimetals: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Contributions
• Dispersive interactions between standard and Dirac materials and the role of dimensionality
• Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2 under Pressure
• Revealing the EuCd_{2}As_{2} Semiconducting Band Gap via n-type La-Doping
• Co${}_2$MnZ (Z = Al, Si, Ga, Ge, Sn) Heusler alloys as candidate materials for spintronic and microelectronic applications: Electronic structure, transport, and magnetism
• Disorder and diffuse scattering in single-chirality (TaSe${}_4$)${}_2$I crystals
• Ultrafast switching of photoinduced phonon chirality in the antiferrochiral BPO${}_4$ crystal
• Importance of the semimetallic state for the quantum Hall effect in HfTe${}_5$
• Magnetization induced skyrmion dynamics of a spin-orbit-coupled spinor condensate under sinusoidally varying magnetic field
• Intertwined topological phases in TaAs2 nanowires with giant magnetoresistance and quantum coherent surface transport
• Discovery of nodal-line superconductivity in chiral crystals
• I-centered vs F-centered orthorhombic symmetry and negative thermal expansion of the charge density wave of EuAl2Ga2
• Interfaces of nodal-line semimetals: drum states, transport and refraction
• Relationship among Structural, Disordered, Magnetism and Band Topology in MnSb2Te4(Sb2Te3)n Family
• van der Waals Nanoreactors
• Topological Properties and Characterizations
• Tuning the Topological Properties of the Antiferromagnetic V(Bi${}_{1-x}$Sb${}_x$)${}_2$Te${}_4$ via Sb concentration
• Topological Semimetal KAlGe with Novel Electronic Instability