The ASAS-SN Catalog of Variable Stars IX: The Spectroscopic Properties of Galactic Variable Stars

Abstract

The All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) provides long baseline ($\sim 4$ yrs) $V-$band light curves for sources brighter than V$\lesssim 17$ mag across the whole sky. We produced V-band light curves for a total of $\sim 61.5$ million sources and systematically searched these sources for variability. We identified $\sim 426,000$ variables, including $\sim 219,000$ new discoveries. Most ($\sim 74\%$) of our discoveries are in the Southern hemisphere. Here we use spectroscopic information from LAMOST, GALAH, RAVE, and APOGEE to study the physical and chemical properties of these variables. We find that metal-poor eclipsing binaries have orbital periods that are shorter than metal-rich systems at fixed temperature. We identified rotational variables on the main-sequence, red giant branch and the red clump. A substantial fraction ($\gtrsim 80\%$) of the rotating giants have large $v_{\mathrm{rot}}$ or large NUV excesses also indicative of fast rotation. The rotational variables have unusual abundances suggestive of analysis problems. Semi-regular variables tend to be lower metallicity ($[Fe/H]\sim -0.5$) than most giant stars. We find that the APOGEE DR16 temperatures of oxygen-rich semi-regular variables are strongly correlated with the $W_{RP}-W_{JK}$ color index for ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{eff}}\lesssim 3800$ K. Using abundance measurements from APOGEE DR16, we find evidence for Mg and N enrichment in the semi-regular variables. We find that the Aluminum abundances of the semi-regular variables are strongly correlated with the pulsation period, where the variables with $\mathrm{P}\gtrsim 60$ days are significantly depleted in Al.

44 pages, 33 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (31)

• The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
• The 2.5 m Telescope of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• The Zwicky Transient Facility: System Overview, Performance, and First Results
• The generalised Lomb-Scargle periodogram. A new formalism for the floating-mean and Keplerian periodograms
• The All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) Light Curve Server v1.0
• The GALAH Survey: Scientific Motivation
• APOGEE Data and Spectral Analysis from SDSS Data Release 16: Seven Years of Observations Including First Results from APOGEE-South
• The Catalina Surveys Periodic Variable Star Catalog
• Evolution of asymptotic giant branch stars I. Updated synthetic TP-AGB models and their basic calibration
• The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) Spectrographs
• The Zwicky Transient Facility Catalog of Periodic Variable Stars
• Close Binary Companions to APOGEE DR16 Stars: 20,000 Binary-star Systems Across the Color-Magnitude Diagram
• Surface rotation of Kepler red giant stars
• The period-luminosity relation for type II Cepheids in globular clusters
• Red clump stars and Gaia: Calibration of the standard candle using a hierarchical probabilistic model
• Constraining Metallicity-dependent Mixing and Extra Mixing using [C/N] in Alpha-Rich Field Giants
• Rapid Rotation of Low-Mass Red Giants Using APOKASC: A Measure of Interaction Rates on the Post-main-sequence
• A new interpretation of the period-luminosity sequences of long-period variables
• Abundances in intermediate-mass AGB stars undergoing third dredge-up and hot-bottom burning
• The ASAS-SN Bright Supernova Catalog $-$ II. 2015
• The ASAS-SN Catalog of Variable Stars IV: Periodic Variables in the APOGEE Survey
• Search for aluminium monoxide in the winds of oxygen-rich AGB stars
• Rotationally Driven Ultraviolet Emission of Red Giant Stars
• The ASAS-SN Catalog of Variable Stars VIII: "Dipper" Stars in the Lupus Star-Forming Region
• Mira Variable Stars From LAMOST DR4 Data: Emission Features, Temperature Types, and Candidate Selection
• Dusty wind of W Hya. Multi-wavelength modelling of the present-day and recent mass-loss
• $12660$ spotted stars toward the OGLE Galactic bulge fields
• Response to Comment on "A Non-Interacting Low-Mass Black Hole -- Giant Star Binary System"
• Mid-IR period-magnitude relations for AGB stars
• Beyond Gaia: Asteroseismic Distances of M giants using Ground-Based Transient Surveys
• Long-Period High-Amplitude Red Variables in the KELT Survey

Cited by in corpus (32)

• A Unicorn in Monoceros: the $3M_{\odot }$ dark companion to the bright, nearby red giant V723 Mon is a non-interacting, mass-gap black hole candidate
• Gaia Data Release 3: The second Gaia catalogue of Long-Period Variable candidates
• The Close Binary Fraction as a Function of Stellar Parameters in APOGEE: A Strong Anti-Correlation With $\alpha$ Abundances
• The ASAS-SN Catalog of Variable Stars X: Discovery of 116,000 New Variable Stars Using g-band Photometry
• Oxygen, sulfur, and iron radial abundance gradients of classical Cepheids across the Galactic thin disk
• The White Dwarf Binary Pathways Survey VI: two close post common envelope binaries with TESS light curves
• Revised extinctions and radii for 1.5 million stars observed by APOGEE, GALAH, and RAVE
• Galactic ArchaeoLogIcaL ExcavatiOns (GALILEO) I. An updated census of APOGEE N-rich giants across the Milky Way
• High Tide: A Systematic Search for Ellipsoidal Variables in ASAS-SN
• Stellar Atmospheric Parameters of M-type Stars from LAMOST DR8
• The Value-Added Catalog of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries: Parameters of Thirty Thousand Detached Systems
• A brown dwarf donor and an optically thin accretion disc with a complex stream impact region in the period-bouncer candidate BW Sculptoris
• A search for compact object companions to high mass function single-lined spectroscopic binaries in Gaia DR3
• The Eclipsing Binaries from the LAMOST Medium-resolution Survey.III. A High-precision Empirical Stellar Mass Library
• The "Giraffe": Discovery of a stripped red giant in an interacting binary with a $\sim 2M_{\odot }$ lower giant
• The ASAS-SN Bright Supernova Catalog -- V. 2018-2020
• Citizen ASAS-SN Data Release I: Variable Star Classification Using Citizen Science
• Statistical view of orbital circularisation with 14 000 characterised TESS eclipsing binaries
• APOGEE-2 Discovery of a Large Population of Relatively High-Metallicity Globular Cluster Debris
• Periodic stellar variability from almost a million NGTS light curves
• The Value-Added Catalog of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries II: Properties of Extra-Physics Systems
• Evidence for Centrifugal Breakout around the Young M Dwarf TIC 234284556
• High mass function ellipsoidal variables in the Gaia Focused Product Release: searching for black hole candidates in the binary zoo
• Photometric-Metallicity and Distance Estimates for $\sim$70,000 RR Lyrae Stars from the Zwicky Transient Facility
• Photometric activity cycles in fast-rotating stars: Revisiting the reality of stellar activity cycle branches
• TESS discovery of a super-Earth and two sub-Neptunes orbiting the bright, nearby, Sun-like star HD 22946
• ASASSN-21co: A detached eclipsing binary with an 11.9 year period
• A New Period Determination Method for Periodic Variable Stars
• Discovery of a Highly Eccentric, Chromospherically Active Binary: ASASSN-V J192114.84+624950.8
• IY Lyr: A Thick-Disk first-overtone RR Lyrae Star with a Possible Neutron Star Companion
• Stellar multiplicity and stellar rotation: Insights from APOGEE
• Multiwavelength study of 1eRASS J085039.9-421151 with eROSITA NuSTAR and X-shooter