Rapid Rotation of Low-Mass Red Giants Using APOKASC: A Measure of Interaction Rates on the Post-main-sequence

Abstract

We investigate the occurrence rate of rapidly rotating ($v\sin i$$>$10 km s${}^{-1}$), low-mass giant stars in the APOGEE-Kepler (APOKASC) fields with asteroseismic mass and surface gravity measurements. Such stars are likely merger products and their frequency places interesting constraints on stellar population models. We also identify anomalous rotators, i.e. stars with 5 km s${}^{-1}$$<$$v\sin i$$<$10 km s${}^{-1}$ that are rotating significantly faster than both angular momentum evolution predictions and the measured rates of similar stars. Our data set contains fewer rapid rotators than one would expect given measurements of the Galactic field star population, which likely indicates that asteroseismic detections are less common in rapidly rotating red giants. The number of low-mass moderate (5-10 km s${}^{-1}$) rotators in our sample gives a lower limit of 7% for the rate at which low-mass stars interact on the upper red giant branch because single stars in this mass range are expected to rotate slowly. Finally, we classify the likely origin of the rapid or anomalous rotation where possible. KIC 10293335 is identified as a merger product and KIC 6501237 is a possible binary system of two oscillating red giants.

arXiv comment39 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. For a brief video discussing key results from this paper see http://youtu.be/ym_0nV7_YqI . The full table 1 is available at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~tayar/tab1_full.txt

References in corpus (60)

• PARSEC: stellar tracks and isochrones with the PAdova and TRieste Stellar Evolution Code
• The 2.5 m Telescope of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
• SDSS-III: Massive Spectroscopic Surveys of the Distant Universe, the Milky Way Galaxy, and Extra-Solar Planetary Systems
• A Survey of Stellar Families: Multiplicity of Solar-Type Stars
• Stellar Multiplicity
• The Tenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-III Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
• The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey ZYJHK Photometric System: Passbands and Synthetic Colours
• The WFCAM Science Archive
• Spin down of the core rotation in red giants
• Measuring the rotation period distribution of field M-dwarfs with Kepler
• Local kinematics of K and M giants from Coravel/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data. Revisiting the concept of superclusters
• Kepler Eclipsing Binary Stars. II. 2165 Eclipsing Binaries in the Second Data Release
• Target Selection for the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE)
• The Frequency of Hot Jupiters Orbiting Nearby Solar-Type Stars
• On the Evolutionary Status of Class I Stars and Herbig-Haro Energy Sources in Taurus-Auriga
• The APOKASC Catalog: An Asteroseismic and Spectroscopic Joint Survey of Targets in the Kepler Fields
• Microlens OGLE-2005-BLG-169 Implies Cool Neptune-Like Planets are Common
• Preparation of Kepler lightcurves for asteroseismic analyses
• Rotation and magnetism of Kepler pulsating solar-like stars. Towards asteroseismically calibrated age-rotation relations
• Rotational velocities of A-type stars IV. Evolution of rotational velocities
• A high-resolution spectropolarimetric survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars - I. Observations and measurements
• New ATLAS9 And MARCS Model Atmosphere Grids for the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE)
• Asteroseismic classification of stellar populations among 13000 red giants observed by Kepler
• Determining global parameters of the oscillations of solar-like stars
• The APOGEE red-clump catalog: Precise distances, velocities, and high-resolution elemental abundances over a large area of the Milky Way's disk
• Accurate parameters of 93 solar-type Kepler targets
• Mixed modes in red giants: a window on stellar evolution
• The Angular Momentum Evolution of Very Low Mass Stars
• Fast Star, Slow Star; Old Star, Young Star: Subgiant Rotation as a Population and Stellar Physics Diagnostic
• Bayesian distances and extinctions for giants observed by Kepler and APOGEE
• Testing the recovery of stellar rotation signals from Kepler light curves using a blind hare-and-hounds exercise
• A secondary clump of red giant stars: why and where
• Calibrations of Atmospheric Parameters Obtained from the First Year of SDSS-III APOGEE Observations
• New H-band Stellar Spectral Libraries for the SDSS-III/APOGEE survey
• Chemical Abundances in Field Red Giants from High-Resolution H-Band Spectra using the APOGEE Spectral Linelist
• Origin of lithium enrichment in K giants
• Evolution of Stellar Collision Products in Globular Clusters - II. Off-axis Collision
• Rapidly-rotating lithium-rich K giants: The new case of the giant PDS365
• Observable Signatures of Planet Accretion in Red Giant Stars I: Rapid Rotation and Light Element Replenishment
• Evolution of Stellar Collision Products in Globular Clusters -- I. Head-on Collisions
• On stellar limb darkening and exoplanetary transits
• Atmospheric Parameters of 169 F, G, K and M-type Stars in the Kepler Field
• Rotation of Horizontal Branch Stars in Globular Clusters
• Finding binaries among Kepler pulsating stars from phase modulation of their pulsations
• Atmospheric parameters of 82 red giants in the Kepler field
• Precise radial velocities of giant stars. IV. A correlation between surface gravity and radial velocity variation and a statistical investigation of companion properties
• Red Giants in Eclipsing Binary and Multiple-Star Systems: Modeling and Asteroseismic Analysis of 70 Candidates from Kepler Data
• The Role of Planet Accretion in Creating the Next Generation of Red Giant Rapid Rotators
• The Frequency of Rapid Rotation Among K Giant Stars
• The Sensitivity of Convection Zone Depth to Stellar Abundances: An Absolute Stellar Abundance Scale from Asteroseismology
• A Correlation between Blue Straggler and Binary Fractions in the core of Galactic Globular Clusters
• Rotation and Macroturbulence in Metal-poor Field Red Giant and Red Horizontal Branch Stars
• The binarity of Milky Way F,G,K stars as a function of effective temperature and metallicity
• BD+48 740 - Li overabundant giant star with a planet. A case of recent engulfment?
• Oxygen isotopic ratios in cool R Coronae Borealis stars
• The SDSS-III APOGEE Radial Velocity Survey of M dwarfs I: Description of Survey and Science Goals
• CNO abundances of HdC and RCB stars: a view of the nucleosynthesis in a white dwarf merger
• Prospects for detecting asteroseismic binaries in Kepler data
• Rotational splitting as a function of mode frequency for six Sun-like stars
• Characterizing Kepler Asteroseismic Targets

Cited by in corpus (45)

• Discovery of a Candidate Black Hole - Giant Star Binary System in the Galactic Field
• Red giant masses and ages derived from carbon and nitrogen abundances
• Isochrone ages for ~3 million stars with the second Gaia data release
• Stellar Multiplicity Meets Stellar Evolution And Metallicity: The APOGEE View
• The First APOKASC Catalog of Kepler Dwarf and Subgiant Stars
• Surface rotation of Kepler red giant stars
• Variability Properties of 4 Million Sources in the $TESS$ Input Catalog Observed with the Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope Survey
• On Lithium-Rich Red Giants. I. Engulfment of Sub-Stellar Companions
• Cannibals in the thick disk: the young $\alpha -$rich stars as evolved blue stragglers
• Age-resolved chemistry of red giants in the solar neighbourhood
• Star-planet interactions: II. Is planet engulfment the origin of fast rotating red giants?
• APOKASC-3: The Third Joint Spectroscopic and Asteroseismic catalog for Evolved Stars in the Kepler Fields
• The ASAS-SN Catalog of Variable Stars IX: The Spectroscopic Properties of Galactic Variable Stars
• Chemical Evolution in the Milky Way: Rotation-based ages for APOGEE-Kepler cool dwarf stars
• Active red giants: close binaries versus single rapid rotators
• KIC 9246715: The Double Red Giant Eclipsing Binary With Odd Oscillations
• Origin of $\alpha$-rich young stars: clues from C, N and O
• Rotating Stars from Kepler Observed with Gaia DR1
• A Search for Red Giant Solar-like Oscillations in All Kepler Data
• Rotation Distributions around the Kraft Break with TESS and Kepler: The Influences of Age, Metallicity, and Binarity
• Is Betelgeuse the Outcome of a Past Merger?
• Constraining transport of angular momentum in stars: Combining asteroseismic observations of core helium burning stars and white dwarfs
• Rotationally Driven Ultraviolet Emission of Red Giant Stars
• Core-Envelope Coupling in Intermediate-Mass Core-Helium Burning Stars
• Testing Angular Momentum Transport and Wind Loss in Intermediate Mass Core Helium Burning Stars
• The "Giraffe": Discovery of a stripped red giant in an interacting binary with a $\sim 2M_{\odot }$ lower giant
• Testing the Limits of Precise Subgiant Characterization with APOGEE and Gaia: Opening a Window to Unprecedented Astrophysical Studies
• Spinning up the Surface: Evidence for Planetary Engulfment or Unexpected Angular Momentum Transport?
• Bayesian hierarchical inference of asteroseismic inclination angles
• Lithium in Open Cluster Red Giants Hosting Substellar Companions
• The Gaia-ESO Survey: Spectroscopic-asteroseismic analysis of K2 stars in Gaia-ESO
• KIC 7955301: a hierarchical triple system with eclipse timing variations and an oscillating red giant
• A Study of Stellar Spins in 15 Open Clusters
• Rotation of Kepler field dwarfs and sub giants: Spectroscopic $v\sin I$ from APOGEE
• Rapidly Rotating, X-ray Bright Stars in the Kepler Field
• Lithium in Kepler Red Giants: Defining Normal and Anomalous
• On Lithium-6 as diagnostic of the lithium-enrichment mechanism in red giants
• The enigma of Li-rich giants and its relation with temporal variations observed in radial velocity and stellar activity signals
• Flaring Activities of Fast Rotating Stars have Solar-like Latitudinal Distribution
• Discovery of a Metal-Poor Red Giant Star with the Highest Ultra-Lithium Enhancement
• WIYN Open Cluster Study LXXXI. Caught in the Act? The Peculiar Red Giant NGC 2243-W2135
• Engulfment of a hot Jupiter as a possible origin of the rapid spin and internal spin misalignment of the planet-hosting red giant Kepler-56
• 200,000+ Deep Learning-inferred Periods of Stellar Variability from the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae
• Red giant asteroseismic binaries in the Kepler field
• Stellar multiplicity and stellar rotation: Insights from APOGEE