Beyond Gaia: Asteroseismic Distances of M giants using Ground-Based Transient Surveys

Abstract

Evolved stars near the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) show solar-like oscillations with periods spanning hours to months and amplitudes ranging from $\sim$1 mmag to $\sim$100 mmag. The systematic detection of the resulting photometric variations with ground-based telescopes would enable the application of asteroseismology to a much larger and more distant sample of stars than is currently accessible with space-based telescopes such as \textit{Kepler} or the ongoing Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (\textit{TESS}) mission. We present an asteroseismic analysis of 493 M giants using data from two ground-based surveys: the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) and the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN). By comparing the extracted frequencies with constraints from \textit{Kepler}, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Apache Point Observatory Galaxy Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and Gaia we demonstrate that ground-based transient surveys allow accurate distance measurements to oscillating M giants with a precision of $\sim$15$\%$. Using stellar population synthesis models we predict that ATLAS and ASAS-SN can provide asteroseismic distances to $\sim$2$\times$10${}^6$ galactic M giants out to typical distances of $20-50\mathrm{kpc}$, vastly improving the reach of Gaia and providing critical constraints for Galactic archaeology and galactic dynamics.

arXiv comment13 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal

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• The effect of the adiabatic assumption on asteroseismic scaling relations for luminous red giants
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• Rapid Formation of Super-Earths Around Low-Mass Stars