Spin-orbit magnetic state readout in scaled ferromagnetic/heavy metal nanostructures

Abstract

Efficient detection of the magnetic state at nanoscale dimensions is an important step to utilize spin logic devices for computing. Magnetoresistance effects have been hitherto used in magnetic state detection, but they suffer from energetically unfavorable scaling and do not generate an electromotive force that can be used to drive a circuit element for logic device applications. Here, we experimentally show that a favorable miniaturization law is possible via the use of spin-Hall detection of the in-plane magnetic state of a magnet. This scaling law allows us to obtain a giant signal by spin Hall effect in CoFe/Pt nanostructures and quantify an effective spin-to-charge conversion rate for the CoFe/Pt system. The spin-to-charge conversion can be described as a current source with an internal resistance, i.e., it generates an electromotive force that can be used to drive computing circuits. We predict that the spin-orbit detection of magnetic states can reach high efficiency at reduced dimensions, paving the way for scalable spin-orbit logic devices and memories.

arXiv comment13 pages, 3 figures, Extended Data, Supplementary Information

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• All-electrical spin-to-charge conversion in sputtered Bi${}_x$Se${}_{1-x}$
• Heisenberg machines with programmable spin-circuits
• Giant and anisotropic enhancement of spin-charge conversion in double Rashba interface graphene-based quantum system
• Emergence of large spin-charge interconversion at an oxidized Cu/W interface
• Spin-to-charge conversion by spin pumping in sputtered polycrystalline Bi${}_x$Se${}_{1-x}$
• Gate-tunable spin Hall effect in trilayer graphene/group-IV monochalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures
• Spin Hall Induced Magnetization Dynamics in Multiferroic Tunnel Junction
• Antiferromagnetic nanoscale bit arrays of magnetoelectric Cr${}_2$O${}_3$ thin films
• Quantification of spin-charge interconversion in highly resistive sputtered Bi${}_x$Se${}_{1-x}$ with non-local spin valves
• Emergence of giant spin-orbit torque in a two-dimensional hole gas on the hydrogen-terminated diamond surface
• Gate tunable spin-charge interconversion in a graphene/ReS${}_2$ heterostructure up to room temperature
• Angular harmonic Hall voltage and magnetoresistance measurements of Pt/FeCoB and Pt-Ti/FeCoB bilayers for spin Hall conductivity determination
• Large spin-charge interconversion induced by interfacial spin-orbit coupling in a highly conducting all-metallic system
• Gate-tunable charge-spin interconversion in graphene/heavy-metal heterostructures
• High-Throughput Discovery of Two-Dimensional Materials Exhibiting Strong Rashba-Edelstein effect