GUT Physics in the era of the LHC

Abstract

Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) are one of the most interesting high-energy completions of the Standard Model, because they provide a rich, powerful and elegant group-theoretical framework able to resolve a variety of problems remaining in our current understanding of particle physics. They usually act as motivators for many low energy BSM theories, such as left-right symmetric or supersymmetric models, and they serve to fill the gap between the experimentally reachable low energies and the physics in the ultraviolet. In recent years, however, they have fallen slightly from the spotlight, in favour of `simplified' models with more specific phenomenological predictions. The aim of this review is to summarize the state of the art on GUTs and argue for their importance in modern physics. Recent advances in experiments permit to test the predictions of GUTs at different energy scales. First, as GUTs can play a role in the inflationary dynamics of the early Universe, their imprints could be found in the CMB observations by the Planck satellite. Remarkably enough, GUTs could manifest themselves also in terrestrial tests; several planned experiments aim to probe the proton stability and to establish order of magnitude higher bounds on its lifetime. Moreover, the predictions of specific GUT models could be tested even at the LHC thanks to its high energy reach, via searches for exotic states or additional contributions to flavour anomalies.

arXiv comment92 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables. Updated to match published version

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• From the LHC to Future Colliders
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• Low Scale Quark-Lepton Unification
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• Search for a charged Higgs boson decaying to charm and bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 8 TeV
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• Left-Right Symmetry and the Charged Higgs Bosons at the LHC
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• Search for long-lived particles in final states with displaced dimuon vertices in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Triplicated Trinification
• $E_6$ Inspired SUSY Benchmarks, Dark Matter Relic Density and a 125 GeV Higgs
• Search for squarks and gluinos in events with an isolated lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• SU(5) Unification with TeV-scale Leptoquarks
• Electron and muon electric dipoles in supersymmetric scenarios
• The Observational Status of Simple Inflationary Models: an Update
• The Minimal Quark-Lepton Symmetry Model and the Limit on Z'-mass
• Minimal Trinification
• Search for supersymmetry in events with $b$-tagged jets and missing transverse momentum in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Inflation and majoron dark matter in the seesaw mechanism
• Search for supersymmetry in events with a $\tau$ lepton pair and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Color Breaking Baryogenesis
• Projected constraints on the cosmic (super)string tension with future gravitational wave detection experiments
• Electric Dipole Moments of Charged Leptons with Sterile Fermions
• Search for the pair production of third-generation squarks with two-body decays to a bottom or charm quark and a neutralino in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• Search for long-lived particles with displaced vertices in multijet events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Search for pair production of higgsinos in final states with at least three $b$-tagged jets in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions using the ATLAS detector
• GUT predictions for quark-lepton Yukawa coupling ratios with messenger masses from non-singlets
• Search for new long-lived particles at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• LHC-scale left-right symmetry and unification
• Renormalizable SU(5) Unification
• Resurrecting Minimal Yukawa Sector of SUSY SO(10)
• Color Breaking in the Early Universe
• Saving Natural Inflation
• Decrypting $SO(10)$-inspired leptogenesis
• Search for new phenomena in a lepton plus high jet multiplicity final state with the ATLAS experiment using $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 Tev proton-proton collision data
• Search for single production of scalar leptoquarks in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• Dark Matter And $B_s\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ With Minimal $S{O}_{10}$ Soft SUSY Breaking II
• Search for photonic signatures of gauge-mediated supersymmetry in 13 TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
• Neutralino Dark Matter with Inert Higgsinos and Singlinos
• Search for supersymmetry in final states with charm jets and missing transverse momentum in 13 TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
• The Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab
• Supersymmetric type-III seesaw: lepton flavour violating decays and dark matter
• Towards predictive flavour models in SUSY SU(5) GUTs with doublet-triplet splitting
• Search for new phenomena using the invariant mass distribution of same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pairs in events with missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
• A heavier gluino from t-b-tau Yukawa-unified SUSY
• Planck Scale Unification in a Supersymmetric Standard Model
• Gauge Coupling Unification in Left-Right Symmetric Models
• Gauge Hierarchy in $\mathbf{SU}(3{)}_{\mathbf{c}}\times \mathbf{SU}(3{)}_{\mathbf{L}}\times \mathbf{SU}(3{)}_{\mathbf{R}}$ and Low Energy Implication
• Sparticle mass spectra from SU(5) SUSY GUT models with $b-\tau$ Yukawa coupling unification
• Leptogenesis with SU(5)-inspired mass matrices
• Non-Standard Higgs Decays in U(1) Extensions of the MSSM
• Theories of Baryogenesis
• Type III Seesaw and Left-Right Symmetry
• Search for R-parity-violating supersymmetric particles in multi-jet final states produced in $p$-$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using the ATLAS detector at the LHC
• Starobinsky-Like Inflation and Neutrino Masses in a No-Scale SO(10) Model
• Probing lepton flavour violation via neutrinoless $\tau ⟶3\mu$ decays with the ATLAS detector
• Search for heavy charged long-lived particles in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using an ionisation measurement with the ATLAS detector
• Electroweak Symmetry Breaking and Proton Decay in SO(10) SUSY-GUT with TeV W_R
• SO(10)-inspired solution to the problem of the initial conditions in leptogenesis
• Quasi-fixed point scenarios and the Higgs mass in the E6 inspired SUSY models
• New Higgs Inflation in a No-Scale Supersymmetric SU(5) GUT
• Low-energy phenomenology of trinification: an effective left-right-symmetric model
• Reviving trinification models through an ${\mathrm{E}}_6$-extended supersymmetric GUT
• Conservative upper limits on WIMP annihilation cross section from Fermi-LAT γ-rays
• A search for $B-L$ $R$-parity-violating top squarks in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS experiment
• Soft masses in SUSY SO(10) GUTs with low intermediate scales
• Constrained SUSY seesaws with a 125 GeV Higgs
• A Model of Comprehensive Unification
• Simple Left-Right Theory: Lepton Number Violation at the LHC
• Dark Matter in a Constrained $E_6$ Inspired SUSY Model
• Yukawa Unification as a Window into the Soft Supersymmetry Breaking Lagrangian
• Search for supersymmetry in events with at least one photon, missing transverse momentum, and large transverse event activity in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV
• New Weak-Scale Physics from SO(10) with High-Scale Supersymmetry
• $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$ with leptoquarks and the origin of Yukawa couplings
• Bino Dark Matter and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in the Constrained E6SSM with Massless Inert Singlinos
• $B$-decay anomalies and scalar leptoquarks in unified Pati-Salam models from noncommutative geometry
• Seesaw at LHC through Left - Right Symmetry
• Baryogenesis via Leptogenesis in Adjoint SU(5)
• Search for heavy long-lived multi-charged particles in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector
• Search for top squarks decaying to tau sleptons in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Search for a light pseudoscalar Higgs boson produced in association with bottom quarks in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
• New solutions for non-Abelian cosmic strings
• Search for squarks and gluinos in final states with hadronically decaying $\tau$-leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Visualizing gauge unification with high-scale thresholds
• Search for gauge-mediated supersymmetry in events with at least one photon and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Trinification, the Hierarchy Problem and Inverse Seesaw Neutrino Masses
• Search for higgsino pair production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV in final states with large missing transverse momentum and two Higgs bosons decaying via H to bb-bar
• Nucleosynthesis Predictions and High-Precision Deuterium Measurements
• Probing Neutrino Dirac Mass in Left-Right Symmetric Models at the LHC and Next Generation Colliders
• Numerical simulations of necklaces in SU(2) gauge-Higgs field theory
• Higgs Inflation, Reheating and Gravitino Production in No-Scale Supersymmetric GUTs
• Leptogenesis in an SU(5) x A5 Golden Ratio Flavour Model: Addendum
• Search for top squarks decaying via four-body or chargino-mediated modes in single-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Search for physics beyond the standard model in events with high-momentum Higgs bosons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV
• Low Scale Left-Right Symmetry and Naturally Small Neutrino Mass
• Scale hierarchies, symmetry breaking and particle spectra in SU(3)-family extended SUSY trinification
• Likelihood Analysis of Supersymmetric SU(5) GUTs
• Search for supersymmetry in events with at least three electrons or muons, jets, and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Seeking leptoquarks in the $\mathbf{t}\bar{\mathbf{t}}$ plus missing energy channel at the high-luminosity LHC
• Proton lifetime in the minimal SO(10) GUT and its implications for the LHC
• Surveying the SO(10) Model Landscape: The Left-Right Symmetric Case
• Search for $R$-parity violating supersymmetry in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV using b jets in a final state with a single lepton, many jets, and high sum of large-radius jet masses
• Supersymmetric $SO(10)$-inspired leptogenesis and a new $N_2$-dominated scenario
• Flipped GUT Inflation
• Impact of vector leptoquark on $\bar{B}\to {\bar{K}}^{\ast }{l}^{+}{l}^{-}$ anomalies
• Tri-N-ification
• Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV in the single-lepton final state using the sum of masses of large-radius jets
• One-loop pseudo-Goldstone masses in the minimal $SO(10)$ Higgs model
• Reheating with a Composite Higgs
• Conformal GUT inflation, proton lifetime and non-thermal leptogenesis
• Search for pairs of highly collimated photon-jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Seesaw Scale, Unification, and Proton Decay
• Type II Seesaw Dominance in Non-supersymmetric and Split Susy SO(10) and Proton Life Time
• Yukawa Unification in an SO(10) SUSY GUT: SUSY on the Edge
• Leptogenesis as an origin of dark matter and baryon asymmetries in the E6 inspired SUSY models
• Confronting SUSY SO(10) with updated Lattice and Neutrino Data
• Left-Right Symmetric Theory with Light Sterile Neutrinos
• A full analytic solution of $SO(10)$-inspired leptogenesis
• On Unification and Nucleon Decay in Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories Based on SU(5)
• Leptogenesis in a $\Delta (27)\times SO(10)$ SUSY GUT
• The quantum vacuum of the minimal SO(10) GUT
• LHC Phenomenology of SO(10) Models with Yukawa Unification
• Leptonic $CP$ Violation and Proton Decay in SUSY SO(10)
• Strong thermal $SO(10)$-inspired leptogenesis in the light of recent results from long-baseline neutrino experiments
• Inflation Driven by Unification Energy
• The mass of the Higgs boson in the trinification subgroup of E6
• Dinucleon and Nucleon Decay to Two-Body Final States with no Hadrons in Super-Kamiokande
• Trinification Phenomenology and the structure of Higgs Bosons
• Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets exploiting the angular correlation between the lepton and the missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Flavour Structure of GUTs and Uncertainties in Proton Lifetime Estimates
• Sneutrino driven GUT Inflation in Supergravity
• Supersymmetric SU(3)^3 unification with Anomalous U(1)_A Gauge Symmetry
• Improving cosmic string network simulations
• Compressed and Split Spectra in Minimal SUSY SO(10)
• The B-L Phase Transition: Implications for Cosmology and Neutrinos
• Nonminimal GUT inflation after Planck results
• Search for resonant production of second-generation sleptons with same-sign dimuon events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV
• Evolution of Semilocal String Networks: II. Velocity estimators
• The Mu2e Experiment at Fermilab
• Electroweak Baryogenesis in the Exceptional Supersymmetric Standard Model
• SO(10) GUT Baryogenesis
• Grand Unified Theory with a Stable Proton
• High Energy Physics and Cosmology at the Unification Frontier: Opportunities and Challenges in the coming years
• Witten's loop in the minimal flipped $SU(5)$ unification revisited
• The Breaking of the SU(3)^3 Gauge Group

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• A frequentist analysis of three right-handed neutrinos with GAMBIT
• Implications for First-Order Cosmological Phase Transitions from the Third LIGO-Virgo Observing Run
• PhaseTracer: tracing cosmological phases and calculating transition properties
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• Predictive power of grand unification from quantum gravity
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• Phenomenology of GUT-inspired gauge-Higgs unification
• Sensitivity to Dark Sector Scales from Gravitational Wave Signatures
• Beyond the standard model with six-dimensional spinors
• LIGO as a probe of Dark Sectors
• Radiative neutrino masses and successful $SU(5)$ unification
• The Weinberg Angle and 5D RGE effects in a SO(11) GUT theory
• Lepton Flavour Violation in minimal grand-unified type II seesaw models
• Bubbletrons: Ultrahigh-Energy Particle Collisions and Heavy Dark Matter at Phase Transitions
• Constraining the Gravitational-Wave Spectrum from Cosmological First-Order Phase Transitions Using Data from LIGO-Virgo First Three Observing Runs
• Triplet Leptogenesis, Type-II Seesaw Dominance, Intrinsic Dark Matter, Vacuum Stability and Proton Decay in Minimal SO(10) Breakings
• Low-Energy Probes of No-Scale SU(5) Super-GUTs
• Baryogenesis: A Symmetry Breaking in the Primordial Universe Revisited
• Dark matter and Standard Model reheating from conformal GUT inflation
• Unification Predictions With or Without Supersymmetry
• Lectures on Naturalness, String Landscape and Multiverse
• SO(10) unification with horizontal symmetry
• A Nondiagonal Pair of Majorana Particles at $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ Colliders
• Indian Contributions to LHC Theory
• Vector currents of integer-spin Majorana particles
• Cosmology from Strong Interactions
• Potential Blind Directions at TeraZ
• Gravitational Wave Gastronomy
• Two Higgs doublet model fitting and $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ signal at the ILC
• Scalar-induced Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in $SU(5)$