Scalar-induced Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in $SU(5)$

Abstract

We discuss the role of heavy scalar fields in mediating neutrinoless double beta decay $(0\nu \beta \beta )$ within the $SU(5)$ Grand Unified Theory framework, extended suitably to include neutrino mass. In such a minimal realistic $SU(5)$ setup for fermion masses, the scalar contributions to $0\nu \beta \beta$ are extremely suppressed as a consequence of the proton decay bound. We circumvent this problem by imposing a discrete ${\mathcal{Z}}_3$ symmetry. However, the scalar contributions to $0\nu \beta \beta$ remain suppressed in this $SU(5)\times {\mathcal{Z}}_3$ model due to the neutrino mass constraint. We find that the $0\nu \beta \beta$ contribution can be enhanced by extending the scalar sector with an additional $15$-dimensional scalar representation with suitable ${\mathcal{Z}}_3$ charge. Such an extension not only yields realistic fermion mass spectra but also leads to experimentally testable predictions in upcoming ton-scale $0\nu \beta \beta$ searches, which can be used as a sensitive probe of the new scalars across a broad range, from LHC-accessible scales up to $\sim 10^{10}\text{GeV}$.

published version: 38 pages, 10 captioned figures, 6 tables

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