paper

Two-dimensional vortex quantum droplets

arXiv:1801.10274 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.98.063602

Abstract

It was recently found that the Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) correction to the mean-field Hamiltonian suppresses the collapse and creates stable localized modes (two-component "quantum droplets", QDs) in two and three dimensions. We construct two-dimensional\ self-trapped modes in the form of QDs with vorticity embedded into each component. The QDs feature a flat-top shape, which expands with the increase of and norm . An essential finding, produced by a systematic numerical analysis and analytical estimates, is that the vortical QDs are \emph{stable} (which is a critical issue for vortex solitons in nonlinear models) up to , for exceeding a certain threshold value. In the condensate of K atoms, in which QDs with and a quasi-2D shape were created recently, the vortical droplets may have radial size m, with the number of atoms in the range of . It is worthy to note that \textit{hidden-vorticity} states in QDs with topological charges in its components, which are prone to strong instability in other settings, have their stability region too, although it may be located beyond applicability limits of the underlying model. Dynamics of elliptically deformed QDs, which form rotating elongated patterns or ones with strong oscillations of the eccentricity, as well as collisions of QDs, are also addressed.

13 pages, 7 figures, and 75 references, Physical Review A, in press

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