Metastability of quantum droplet clusters

Abstract

We show that metastable ring-shaped clusters can be constructed from two-dimensional quantum droplets in systems described by the Gross-Pitaevskii equations augmented with Lee-Huang-Yang quantum corrections. The clusters exhibit dynamical behaviours ranging from contraction to rotation with simultaneous periodic pulsations, or expansion, depending on the initial radius of the necklace pattern and phase shift between adjacent quantum droplets. We show that, using an energy-minimization analysis, one can predict equilibrium values of the cluster radius that correspond to rotation without radial pulsations. In such a regime, the clusters evolve as metastable states, withstanding abrupt variations in the underlying scattering lengths and keeping their azimuthal symmetry in the course of evolution, even in the presence of considerable perturbations.

5 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters

References in corpus (9)

• Quantum liquid droplets in a mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Self-bound droplets of a dilute magnetic quantum liquid
• Quantum-fluctuation-driven crossover from a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate to a macro-droplet in a dipolar quantum fluid
• Double species condensate with tunable interspecies interactions
• Two-dimensional multi-pole solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media
• Collisions of self-bound quantum droplets
• Two-dimensional solitons and quantum droplets supported by competing self- and cross-interactions in spin-orbit-coupled condensates
• Fusion of necklace-ring patterns into vortex and fundamental solitons in dissipative media
• Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate

Cited by in corpus (11)

• Modulational instability, inter-component asymmetry and formation of quantum droplets in one-dimensional binary Bose gases
• Singular solitons
• The variational approximation for two-dimensional quantum droplets
• Structured hetero-symmetric quantum droplets
• Self-bound droplet clusters in laser-driven Bose-Einstein condensates
• Ground state and rotational properties of two-dimensional self-bound quantum droplets
• Zero-energy modes of two-component Bose-Bose droplets
• Stability and collisions of quantum droplets in PT -symmetric dual-core couplers
• Topological defects in rotating spin-orbit-coupled dipolar spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates
• Nonlinear modes in spatially confined spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates with repulsive nonlinearity
• On the integrability aspects of nonparaxial nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the dynamics of solitary waves