Large-gap magnetic topological heterostructure formed by subsurface incorporation of a ferromagnetic layer

Abstract

Inducing magnetism into topological insulators is intriguing for utilizing exotic phenomena such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) for technological applications. While most studies have focused on doping magnetic impurities to open a gap at the surface-state Dirac point, many undesirable effects have been reported to appear in some cases that makes it difficult to determine whether the gap opening is due to the time-reversal symmetry breaking or not. Furthermore, the realization of the QAHE has been limited to low temperatures. Here we have succeeded in generating a massive Dirac cone in a MnBi2Se4 /Bi2Se3 heterostructure which was fabricated by self-assembling a MnBi2Se4 layer on top of the Bi2Se3 surface as a result of the co-deposition of Mn and Se. Our experimental results, supported by relativistic ab initio calculations, demonstrate that the fabricated MnBi2Se4 /Bi2Se3 heterostructure shows ferromagnetism up to room temperature and a clear Dirac-cone gap opening of ~100 meV without any other significant changes in the rest of the band structure. It can be considered as a result of the direct interaction of the surface Dirac cone and the magnetic layer rather than a magnetic proximity effect. This spontaneously formed self-assembled heterostructure with a massive Dirac spectrum, characterized by a nontrivial Chern number C = -1, has a potential to realize the QAHE at significantly higher temperatures than reported up to now and can serve as a platform for developing future " topotronics" devices.

13pages, 4 figures

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• Crossover of Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator of Bi2Se3 to the Two-Dimensional Limit
• High-precision realization of robust quantum anomalous Hall state in a hard ferromagnetic topological insulator
• Seeing the magnetic monopole through the mirror of topological surface states
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• Hedgehog Spin-texture and Berry's Phase tuning in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
• Spin-pumping into surface states of topological insulator α-Sn, spin to charge conversion at room temperature
• Quintuple-layer epitaxy of high-quality Bi2Se3 thin films for topological insulator
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• Magnetic proximity effect at the 3D topological insulator/magnetic insulator interface
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• Dual nature of magnetic dopants and competing trends in topological insulators
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Cited by in corpus (60)

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• Experimental realization of an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator
• Unique thickness-dependent properties of the van der Waals interlayer antiferromagnet $\mathrm{MnB}{\mathrm{i}}_2\mathrm{T}{\mathrm{e}}_4$ films
• Progress and prospects in magnetic topological materials
• Chemical Aspects of the Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Large magnetic gap at the Dirac point in a Mn-induced Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ heterostructure
• A van der Waals antiferromagnetic topological insulator with weak interlayer magnetic coupling
• Variety of magnetic topological phases in the (MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$)(Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$)${}_m$ family
• Realization of an intrinsic, ferromagnetic topological state in MnBi8Te13
• Surface states and Rashba-type spin polarization in antiferromagnetic MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Transport in two-dimensional topological materials: recent developments in experiment and theory
• Topological electronic structure and intrinsic magnetization in MnBi${}_4$Te${}_7$: a Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$-derivative with a periodic Mn sublattice
• Large Anomalous Hall Effect in Topological Insulators with Proximitized Ferromagnetic Insulators
• Crystal and magnetic structures of magnetic topological insulators MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$ and MnBi${}_4$Te${}_7$
• Magnetize Topological Surface States of Bi2Se3 with a CrI3 Monolayer
• Emerging chiral edge states from the confinement of a magnetic Weyl semimetal in Co${}_3$Sn${}_2$S${}_2$
• Magnetized Topological Insulator Multilayers
• Crossover from 2D ferromagnetic insulator to wide bandgap quantum anomalous Hall insulator in ultra-thin MnBi2Te4
• Topological magnetic materials of the (MnSb${}_2$Te${}_4$)$\cdot$(Sb${}_2$Te${}_3$)${}_n$ van der Waals compounds family
• Magnetic Properties and Electronic Structure of Magnetic Topological Insulator MnBi${}_2$Se${}_4$
• Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Doped Topological Insulators and Ferromagnetic Spin-Gapless Semiconductors -- A Perspective Review
• Spectroscopic realization of large surface gap in a doped magnetic topological insulator
• Axion Insulator State in a Ferromagnet/Topological Insulator/Antiferromagnet Heterostructure
• Visualizing the interplay of Dirac mass gap and magnetism at nanoscale in intrinsic magnetic topological insulators
• Domain wall induced spin-polarized flat bands in antiferromagnetic topological insulators
• Axion Insulator State with ferromagnetic ordering in CrI3/Bi2Se3/MnBi2Se4 Heterostructure
• Intrinsic Magnetic Topological Materials
• Do topology and ferromagnetism cooperate at the EuS/Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ interface?
• Magnetic Anisotropy in Two-dimensional van der Waals Magnetic Materials and Their Heterostructures: Importance, Mechanisms, and Opportunities
• Electronic properties of Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ dopped by $3d$ transition metal (Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni) ions
• Fully spin-polarized quadratic non-Dirac bands realized quantum anomalous Hall effect
• Intrinsic magnetic topological insulators of the MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$ family
• Realization of the Chern insulator and Axion insulator phases in antiferromagnetic $MnTe$-$B{i}_2(Se,Te{)}_3$-$MnTe$ heterostructures
• Synchrotron radiation induced magnetization in magnetically-doped and pristine topological insulators
• Electromagnetic effects induced by time-dependent axion field
• Non-local sidewall response and deviation from exact quantization of the topological magnetoelectric effect in axion-insulator thin films
• Topological Properties of SnSe/EuS and SnTe/CaTe Interfaces
• Voltage-driven Magnetization Switching via Dirac Magnetic Anisotropy and Spin--orbit Torque in Topological-insulator-based Magnetic Heterostructures
• Two-dimensional ferromagnetic extension of a topological insulator
• Magnetic Order in 3D Topological Insulators -- Wishful Thinking or Gateway to Emergent Quantum Effects?
• Soft-magnetic skyrmions induced by surface-state coupling in an intrinsic ferromagnetic topological insulator sandwich structure
• Novel magnetic topological insulator FeBi${}_2$Te${}_4$ with controllable topological quantum phase
• Two-Stage Proximity-Induced Gap-Opening in Topological Insulator - Insulating Ferromagnet (Bi${}_x$Sb${}_{1-x}$)${}_2$Te${}_3$ - EuS Bilayers
• Data-analysis software framework 2DMAT and its application to experimental measurements for two-dimensional material structures
• Low power In Memory Computation with Reciprocal Ferromagnet/Topological Insulator Heterostructures
• Chemical Migration and Dipole Formation at van der Waals Interfaces between Magnetic Transition Metal Chalcogenides and Topological Insulators
• Finite temperature fluctuation-induced order and responses in magnetic topological insulators
• Voltage-control of damping constant in magnetic-insulator/topological-insulator bilayers
• Temperature-driven modification of surface electronic structure on bismuth, a topological border material
• Direct probe of ferromagnetic proximity effect at the interface in Fe/SnTe heterostructure by polarized neutron reflectometry
• In-situ topotactic chemical reaction for spectroscopies
• Interfacing Quantum Spin Hall and Quantum Anomalous Hall insulators: Bi bilayer on MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$-family materials
• The anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetically Extended Topological Insulator Heterostructure
• Numerical analysis of voltage-controlled magnetization switching operation in magnetic-topological-insulator-based devices
• Universal Current Correlations Induced by the Majorana and Fermionic Andreev Bound States
• Enhanced and stable spin Hall conductivity in a disordered time-reversal and inversion symmetry broken topological insulator thin film
• Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Three-dimensional Topological Insulator/Thin-film Ferromagnetic Metal Bilayer Structure
• Thermoelectric refrigerator based on asymmetric surfaces of a magnetic topological insulator
• Long-range permeation of wave function and superficial surface state due to strong quantum size effects in topological Bi/BiSb heterojunctions
• Large bandgap quantum anomalous hall insulator in a designer ferromagnet-topological insulator-ferromagnet heterostructure