Nonmagnetic band gap at the Dirac point of the magnetic topological insulator (Bi${}_{1-x}$Mn${}_x{)}_2$Se${}_3$

Abstract

Magnetic doping is expected to open a band gap at the Dirac point of topological insulators by breaking time-reversal symmetry and to enable novel topological phases. Epitaxial (Bi${}_{1-x}$Mn${}_x$)${}_2$Se${}_3$ is a prototypical magnetic topological insulator with a pronounced surface band gap of $\sim 100$ meV. We show that this gap is neither due to ferromagnetic order in the bulk or at the surface nor to the local magnetic moment of the Mn, making the system unsuitable for realizing the novel phases. We further show that Mn doping does not affect the inverted bulk band gap and the system remains topologically nontrivial. We suggest that strong resonant scattering processes cause the gap at the Dirac point and support this by the observation of in-gap states using resonant photoemission. Our findings establish a novel mechanism for gap opening in topological surface states which challenges the currently known conditions for topological protection.

arXiv comment26 pages, 7 figures

References in corpus (29)

• Topological Insulators
• Topological insulators and superconductors
• Quantum Spin Hall Insulator State in HgTe Quantum Wells
• Experimental Observation of the Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
• Topological Field Theory of Time-Reversal Invariant Insulators
• Quantized Anomalous Hall Effect in Magnetic Topological Insulators
• Crossover of Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator of Bi2Se3 to the Two-Dimensional Limit
• Seeing the magnetic monopole through the mirror of topological surface states
• Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Hg${}_{1-y}$Mn${}_y$Te Quantum Wells
• Magnetic impurities on the surface of a topological insulator
• A topological insulator surface under strong Coulomb, magnetic and disorder perturbations
• The development of ferromagnetism in the doped topological insulator Bi2-xMnxTe3
• Observation of Quantum Spin Hall States in InAs/GaSb Bilayers under Broken Time-Reversal Symmetry
• Hedgehog Spin-texture and Berry's Phase tuning in a Magnetic Topological Insulator
• Spatial Fluctuations of Helical Dirac Fermions on the Surface of Topological Insulators
• Unexpected mass acquisition of Dirac fermions at the quantum phase transition of a topological insulator
• Impurity-induced states on the surface of 3D topological insulators
• Topological-Metal to Band-Insulator Transition in (Bi1-xInx)2Se3 Thin Films
• Photoemission Spectroscopy of Magnetic and Non-magnetic Impurities on the Surface of the Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ Topological Insulator
• Tolerance of topological surface states towards magnetic moments: Fe on Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3
• In-plane magnetic anisotropy of Fe atoms on Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$(111)
• Simultaneous quantization of bulk conduction and valence states through adsorption of nonmagnetic impurities on Bi2Se3
• Quasiparticle Interference on the Surface of the Topological Insulator Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$
• Surface magnetic ordering in topological insulators with bulk magnetic dopants
• Strong potential impurities on the surface of a topological insulator
• New interpretation of the origin of 2DEG states at the surface of layered topological insulators
• Subsurface impurities and vacancies in a three-dimensional topological insulator
• Spin-texture and magnetic anisotropy of Co adsorbed Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ topological insulator surfaces
• Monopole Current and Unconventional Hall Response on Topological Insulator

Cited by in corpus (48)

• Prediction and observation of the first antiferromagnetic topological insulator
• Interface-Induced Phenomena in Magnetism
• Electronic structure of quantum materials studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
• Large magnetic gap at the Dirac point in a Mn-induced Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ heterostructure
• Natural van der Waals heterostructural single crystals with both magnetic and topological properties
• Highly-ordered wide bandgap materials for quantized anomalous Hall and magnetoelectric effects
• Surface states and Rashba-type spin polarization in antiferromagnetic MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Large-gap magnetic topological heterostructure formed by subsurface incorporation of a ferromagnetic layer
• Transport in two-dimensional topological materials: recent developments in experiment and theory
• Mn-rich MnSb2Te4: A topological insulator with magnetic gap closing at high Curie temperatures of 45-50 K
• Topological electronic structure and intrinsic magnetization in MnBi${}_4$Te${}_7$: a Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$-derivative with a periodic Mn sublattice
• Entanglement and manipulation of the magnetic and spin-orbit order in multiferroic Rashba semiconductors
• Operando imaging of all-electric spin texture manipulation in ferroelectric and multiferroic Rashba semiconductors
• Routes to realize the axion-insulator phase in MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$(Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$)${}_n$ family: a perspective
• Spectroscopic realization of large surface gap in a doped magnetic topological insulator
• Spectroscopic perspective on the interplay between electronic and magnetic properties of magnetically doped topological insulators
• Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission on topological materials
• Evidence for exchange Dirac gap in magneto-transport of topological insulator-magnetic insulator heterostructures
• Engineering the breaking of time-reversal symmetry in gate-tunable hybrid ferromagnet/topological insulator heterostructures
• Band Structure of Topological Insulator BiSbTe1.25Se1.75
• Unusual Dirac fermions on the surface of noncentrosymmetric $\alpha$ - BiPd superconductor
• Electronic properties of Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ dopped by $3d$ transition metal (Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni) ions
• Realization of the Chern insulator and Axion insulator phases in antiferromagnetic $MnTe$-$B{i}_2(Se,Te{)}_3$-$MnTe$ heterostructures
• Anomalous behavior of the electronic structure of (Bi${}_{1-x}$In${}_x$)${}_2$Se${}_3$ across the quantum-phase transition from topological to trivial insulator
• Distinct Effects of Cr Bulk Doping and Surface Deposition on the Chemical Environment and Electronic Structure of the Topological Insulator Bi2Se3
• Non-magnetic ground state of Ni adatoms on Te-terminated bismuth chalcogenide topological insulators
• Impact of ultrafast transport on the high-energy states of a photoexcited topological insulator
• Instability of the topological surface state in Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ upon deposition of gold
• Magnetic Order in 3D Topological Insulators -- Wishful Thinking or Gateway to Emergent Quantum Effects?
• Massive Dirac Fermions and Strong Shubnikov-de Haas Oscillations in Topological Insulator Sm,Fe:Bi2Se3 Single Crystals
• Magnetic properties of Mn-doped Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ topological insulators: ab initio calculations
• Residual gas absorption effect on the electronic structure of Cr-doped Bi2Se3
• Nature of the Dirac gap modulation and surface magnetic interaction in axion antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$
• Unveiling quasiparticle dynamics of topological insulators through Bayesian modelling
• Spin-polarization of topological crystalline and normal insulator Pb${}_{1-x}$Sn${}_x$Se (111) epilayers probed by photoelectron spectroscopy
• Direct observation of a photoinduced topological phase transition in Bi-doped (Pb,Sn)Se
• Ab initio investigation of impurity-induced in-gap states in Bi${}_2$Te${}_3$ and Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$
• Absence of a Dirac gap in ferromagnetic Cr${}_x$(Bi${}_{0.1}$Sb${}_{0.9}$)${}_{2-x}$Te${}_3$
• Local environment effects in the magnetic properties and electronic structure of disordered FePt
• Spin Dynamics in the Antiferromagnetic Oxypnictides and Fluoropnictides: LaMnAsO, LaMnSbO, and BaMnAsF
• Spontaneous ferromagnetism and finite surface energy gap in the topological insulator Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ from surface Bi$_\rm{Se}$ antisite defects
• In Situ Compensation Method for Precise Integral SQUID Magnetometry of Miniscule Biological, Chemical, and Powder Specimens Requiring the Use of Capsules
• Topological insulator homojunctions including magnetic layers: the example of n-p type ($n$-QLs Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$/Mn-Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$) heterostructures
• Search for enhanced magnetism at the interface between Bi${}_2$Se${}_3$ and EuSe
• Low-temperature magnetoresistance hysteresis in Vanadium-doped Bi${}_2$Te${}_{2.4}$Se${}_{0.6}$ bulk topological insulators
• Impurity-potential-induced gap at the Dirac point of topological insulators with in-plane magnetization
• Twin Domain Structure in Magnetically Doped Topological Insulators
• Band gap opening at the Dirac point in Co/BiSbTeSe2(0001) system