Mass ejection by pulsational pair instability in very massive stars and implications for luminous supernovae

Abstract

Massive stars having a CO core of $\sim$40-60 M${}_{\odot }$ experience pulsational pair-instability (PPI) after carbon-burning. This instability induces strong pulsations of the whole star and a part of outer envelope is ejected. We investigate the evolution and mass ejection of metal-poor very massive stars which experience PPI. We use stellar models with initial masses of 140, 200, and 250 M${}_{\odot }$ and the metallicity Z=0.004. Their masses decrease to 54.09, 58.65, and 61.03 M${}_{\odot }$ before the neon-burning owing to mass-loss and He mass fraction at the surface becomes about 20%. During the PPI period of $\sim$1-2000 yr, they experience six, four, and three pulsations, respectively. The larger CO-core model has the longer PPI period and ejects the larger amount of mass. Since almost all surface He has been lost by the pulsations, these stars become Type Ic supernovae if they explode. Light curves during the PPI stage and supernovae are investigated and are implicated in luminous supernovae. The luminosity created by the interaction of different PPI ejecta becomes $M_{\mathrm{bol}}\sim -16$ to $-20$. The interaction between the circumstellar shell ejected by PPI and the supernova ejecta can be more luminous. These luminous transients could be an origin of Type I superluminous supernovae and supernovae with precursor.

12 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables; Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc, in press

References in corpus (15)

• Pulsational pair instability as an explanation for the most luminous supernovae
• The R136 star cluster hosts several stars whose individual masses greatly exceed the accepted 150 Msun stellar mass limit
• A giant outburst two years before the core-collapse of a massive star
• SN 2005ap: A Most Brilliant Explosion
• The Unique Type Ib Supernova 2005bf at Nebular Phases: A Possible Birth Event of A Strongly Magnetized Neutron Star
• How much 56Ni can be produced in Core-Collapse Supernovae? : Evolution and Explosions of 30 - 100 Msun Stars
• Pair creation supernovae at low and high redshift
• On the evolution and fate of supermassive stars
• A Core-Collapse Supernova Model for the Extremely Luminous Type Ic Supernova 2007bi: An Alternative to the Pair-Instability Supernova Model
• Exact and approximate expressions of energy generation rates and their impact on the explosion properties of Pair Instability Supernovae
• The Peculiar Type Ib Supernova 2006jc: A WCO Wolf-Rayet Star Explosion
• Optical photometry and spectroscopy of the type Ibn supernova SN 2006jc until the onset of dust formation
• Long-Lasting X-Ray Emission from Type IIb Supernova 2011dh and Mass-Loss History of The Yellow Supergiant Progenitor
• The most massive core collapse supernova progenitors
• Constraining Physical Properties of Type IIn Supernovae through Rise Times and Peak Luminosities

Cited by in corpus (77)

• Pulsational Pair-Instability Supernovae
• Properties and astrophysical implications of the 150 Msun binary black hole merger GW190521
• Mind the gap: The location of the lower edge of the pair instability supernovae black hole mass gap
• Very massive stars, pair-instability supernovae and intermediate-mass black holes with the SEVN code
• The origin of spin in binary black holes: Predicting the distributions of the main observables of Advanced LIGO
• 4-OGC: Catalog of gravitational waves from compact-binary mergers
• Constraints from gravitational wave detections of binary black hole mergers on the ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}{\left(\alpha ,\gamma \right)}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ rate
• Pulsational pair-instability supernovae in very close binaries
• Including higher order multipoles in gravitational-wave models for precessing binary black holes
• New binary black hole mergers in the LIGO--Virgo O3a data
• The impact of pair-instability mass loss on the binary black hole mass distribution
• The impact of mass-transfer physics on the observable properties of field binary black hole populations
• POSYDON: A General-Purpose Population Synthesis Code with Detailed Binary-Evolution Simulations
• Minding the gap: GW190521 as a straddling binary
• GW190521 may be an intermediate mass ratio inspiral
• Theory and Diagnostics of Hot Star Mass Loss
• Compact object mergers: exploring uncertainties from stellar and binary evolution with SEVN
• Related progenitor models for long-duration gamma ray bursts and Type Ic superluminous supernovae
• Merger rate density of Population III binary black holes below, above, and in the pair-instability mass gap
• Pulsational Pair-instability Supernovae. I. Pre-collapse Evolution and Pulsational Mass Ejection
• The impact of stellar rotation on the black hole mass-gap from pair-instability supernovae
• Predictions for the hydrogen-free ejecta of pulsational pair-instability supernovae
• Type I Superluminous Supernovae as Explosions inside Non-Hydrogen Circumstellar Envelopes
• Binary black hole mergers: formation and populations
• Sensitivity of the lower-edge of the pair instability black hole mass gap to the treatment of time dependent convection
• Observing intermediate-mass black holes and the upper--stellar-mass gap with LIGO and Virgo
• Population III Binary Black Holes: Effects of Convective Overshooting on Formation of GW190521
• Formation of Binary Black Holes Similar to GW190521 with a Total Mass of $\sim 150M_{\odot }$ from Population III Binary Star Evolution
• Chemically Homogeneous Evolution: A rapid population synthesis approach
• Merger rate density of binary black holes through isolated Population I, II, III and extremely metal-poor binary star evolution
• Supernova ejecta with a relativistic wind from a central compact object: a unified picture for extraordinary supernovae
• The Most Luminous Supernovae
• The Low Detection Rate of Pair Instability Supernovae and the Effect of the Core Carbon Fraction
• Resolving The Peak Of The Black Hole Mass Spectrum
• Simulating the formation of $\eta$ Carinae's surrounding nebula through unstable triple evolution and stellar merger-induced eruption
• Helium stars exploding in circumstellar material and the origin of Type Ibn supernovae
• New binary black hole mergers in the LIGO-Virgo O3b data
• Hydrodynamical simulations and similarity relations for eruptive mass loss from massive stars
• Pulsational Pair-Instability Model for Superluminous Supernova PTF12dam: Interaction and Radioactive Decay
• SN 2016iet: The Pulsational or Pair Instability Explosion of a Low Metallicity Massive CO Core Embedded in a Dense Hydrogen-Poor Circumstellar Medium
• Merger rate of stellar black hole binaries above the pair instability mass gap
• Fast Blue Optical Transients due to Circumstellar Interaction and the Mysterious Supernova SN 2018gep
• A Study of Primordial Very Massive Star Evolution
• The luminous and rapidly evolving SN 2018bcc: Clues toward the origin of Type Ibn SNe from the Zwicky Transient Facility
• Hydrodynamic Simulations of Pre-Supernova Outbursts in Red Supergiants: Asphericity and Mass Loss
• Alternative possibility of GW190521: Gravitational waves from high-mass black hole-disk systems
• A Generalized Semi-Analytic Model for Magnetar-Driven Supernovae
• The impact of very massive stars on the chemical evolution of extremely metal-poor galaxies
• Circumstellar and explosion properties of Type Ibn supernovae
• Parameter Estimation of Stellar Mass Binary Black Holes under the Network of TianQin and LISA
• SN 2017gci: a nearby Type I Superluminous Supernova with a bumpy tail
• On the effects of the Initial Mass Function on Galactic chemical enrichment
• Mapping the Likelihood of GW190521 with Diverse Mass and Spin Priors
• SN2020qlb: A hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova with well-characterized light curve undulations
• Pulsational pair-instability and the mass gap of Population III Black Holes: Effects of overshooting
• Gravitational waves from mergers of Population III binary black holes: roles played by two evolution channels
• Search for Black Hole Merger Families
• A cosmic formation site of silicon and sulphur revealed by a new type of supernova explosion
• How much radioactive nickel does ASASSN-15lh require?
• Euclid detectability of pair instability supernovae in binary population synthesis models consistent with merging binary black holes
• Can Population III stars be major origins of both merging binary black holes and extremely metal poor stars?
• Detection of LIGO-Virgo binary black holes in the pair-instability mass gap
• Pulsations of primordial supermassive stars induced by a general relativistic instability; visible to JWST at z$>$12
• The Impact of metallicity evolution of the universe on the maximum mass of LIGO binary black holes
• iPTF14hls in the circumstellar medium interaction model: A promising candidate for a pulsational pair-instability supernova
• Detached and Continuous Circumstellar Matter in Type Ibc Supernovae from Mass Eruption
• Dissecting a SN impostor's circumstellar medium: MUSEing about the SHAPE of eta Car's outer ejecta
• Wolf-Rayet stars, black holes and the first detected gravitational wave source
• A Study of Primordial Very Massive Star Evolution. II. Stellar Rotation and Gamma-Ray Burst Progenitors
• Pulsational Pair-instability Supernovae. II. Neutrino Signals from Pulsations and their Detection by Terrestrial Neutrino Detectors
• Multiple giant eruptions and X-ray emission in the recoiling AGN/LBV candidate SDSS1133
• Formation rate of LB-1-like systems through dynamical interactions
• Dynamics and observational signatures of core-collapse supernovae with central engines: hydrodynamics simulations with Monte Carlo post-processing
• Hydrodynamic Modelling of Early Peaks in Type Ibc Supernovae with Circumstellar Interaction
• Rotational Dynamics in Pulsational Pair-Instability Supernovae: Implications for Mass-Loss and Transient Events
• JWST Detection of Hydrocarbon Ices and Methane Gas on Makemake
• Eruptive mass loss less than a year before the explosion of superluminous supernovae. II. A systematic search for pre-explosion eruptions with VLT/X-shooter