A Three-Dimensional Map of Milky-Way Dust

Abstract

We present a three-dimensional map of interstellar dust reddening, covering three-quarters of the sky out to a distance of several kiloparsecs, based on Pan-STARRS 1 and 2MASS photometry. The map reveals a wealth of detailed structure, from filaments to large cloud complexes. The map has a hybrid angular resolution, with most of the map at an angular resolution of 3.4' to 13.7', and a maximum distance resolution of ~25%. The three-dimensional distribution of dust is determined in a fully probabilistic framework, yielding the uncertainty in the reddening distribution along each line of sight, as well as stellar distances, reddenings and classifications for 800 million stars detected by Pan-STARRS 1. We demonstrate the consistency of our reddening estimates with those of two-dimensional emission-based maps of dust reddening. In particular, we find agreement with the Planck 353 GHz optical depth-based reddening map to within 0.05 mag in E(B-V) to a depth of 0.5 mag, and explore systematics at reddenings less than E(B-V) ~ 0.08 mag. We validate our per-star reddening estimates by comparison with reddening estimates for stars with both SDSS photometry and SEGUE spectral classifications, finding per-star agreement to within 0.1 mag out to a stellar E(B-V) of 1 mag. We compare our map to two existing three-dimensional dust maps, by Marshall et al. (2006) and Lallement et al. (2013), demonstrating our finer angular resolution, and better distance resolution compared to the former within ~3 kpc. The map can be queried or downloaded at http://argonaut.skymaps.info. We expect the three-dimensional reddening map presented here to find a wide range of uses, among them correcting for reddening and extinction for objects embedded in the plane of the Galaxy, studies of Galactic structure, calibration of future emission-based dust maps and determining distances to objects of known reddening.

Accepted for publication in ApJ

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• Identifying four $INTEGRAL$ sources in the Galactic Plane via VLT/optical and $XMM$-$Newton$/X-ray spectroscopy
• Superhumps in the cataclysmic variable BG Tri
• Project VeSElkA: Search for vertical stratification of element abundances in HD157087
• Optical Studies of Ten Hard X-ray Selected Cataclysmic Binaries
• On the Properties of the Galactic Dust Layer within 700 pc of the Sun
• Recovering variable stars in large surveys: EA${}_{\mathrm{up}}$ Algol-type class in the Catalina Survey
• White Dwarf Variability with gPhoton: Pulsators
• Optical identification of the binary companion to the millisecond PSR J2302+4442 with the Gran Telescopio Canarias
• Mapping the Milky Way in 5-D with 170 Million Stars
• A Three-Dimensional Analytical Model of the Interstellar Extinction within the Nearest Kiloparsec
• Tracing the origin of moving groups I. The γ Leo moving group with high resolution spectra from the Subaru Telescope
• What causes the ultraviolet extinction bump at the cosmic dawn?
• Rotational modulation and single g-mode pulsation in the B9pSi star HD174356?
• MIRIS Paα Galactic Plane Survey. I. Comparison with IPHAS Hα in l = 96°-116°
• Following the TraCS of exoplanets with Pan-Planets: Wendelstein-1b and Wendelstein-2b
• Local disc model in view of Gaia DR1 and RAVE data
• SOFIA/FORCAST Observations of the Luminous Blue Variable Candidates MN 90 and HD 168625
• CoSHA: Code for Stellar properties Heuristic Assignment -- for the MaStar stellar library
• Resolving the Host Galaxy of a Distant Blazar with LBT/LUCI1 + ARGOS
• The End of the Road for Far-infrared Reddening Maps? Evidence for Reddening Errors Driven by Changes in PAH Abundance
• Star formation in a diffuse high-altitude cloud?
• Diffuse Radiation from the Aquila Rift
• A Color-locus Method for Mapping $R_V$ Using Ensembles of Stars
• Dust Scattering from the Taurus Molecular Cloud
• Molecular Clouds Associated with {H \small{II}} regions and Candidates within l = 106.65${}^{\circ }$ to 109.50${}^{\circ }$ and b = $-$1.85${}^{\circ }$ to 0.95${}^{\circ }$
• SDSS J1059+4251, a highly magnified z ~ 2.8 star-forming galaxy: ESI observations of the rest-frame UV spectrum
• A Mysterious Ring in Dark Space?
• The distances of 61 PGCCs in the Second Galactic Quadrant
• Exploring faint white dwarfs and the luminosity function with Subaru HSC and SDSS in Stripe 82
• Simultaneous Estimation of Large-Scale Structure and Milky Way Dust Extinction from Galaxy Surveys
• On the nature of the candidate T-Tauri star V501 Aurigae
• The SNIa Runaway LP 398-9: Detection of Circumstellar Material and Surface Rotation
• BU CMi as a quadruple doubly eclipsing system
• X-ray Observations of 1ES 1959+650 in its high activity state in 2016-2017 with AstroSat and Swift
• Jet from the enigmatic high-latitude star BP Psc and evolutionary status of its driving source
• Gaia Calibrated UV Luminous Stars in LAMOST
• Kinematics of B-F Stars as a Function of Their Dereddened Color from Gaia and PCRV Data
• Is the nitrogen-rich source PN K4-47 a true planetary nebula?
• Spectroscopic follow-up of hot subdwarf variables found in ZTF -- Atmospheric and fundamental properties of radial-mode sdB pulsators
• J-PLUS Reconstructing the Milky Way Disc's star formation history with twelve-filter photometry
• Unraveling the Spectral Energy Distributions of Clustered YSOs
• Oxyster: A Circumgalactic Low-ionization Oxygen Nebula next to a Starburst Galaxy at $z\sim 1$