Modelling the Galactic Interstellar Extinction Distribution in Three Dimensions

Abstract

The Two Micron All Sky Survey, along with the Stellar Population Synthesis Model of the Galaxy, developed in Besancon, is used to calculate the extinction distribution along different lines of sight. By combining many lines of sight, the large scale distribution of interstellar material can be deduced. The Galaxy model is used to provide the intrinsic colour of stars and their probable distances, so that the near infrared colour excess, and hence the extinction, may be calculated and its distance evaluated. Such a technique is dependent on the model used, however we are able to show that moderate changes in the model parameters result in insignificant changes in the predicted extinction. This technique has now been applied to over 64000 lines of sight, each separated by 15 arcmin, in the inner Galaxy (|l|<=100 deg, |b|<=10 deg). Using our extinction map, we have derived the main characteristics of the large scale structure of the dust distribution: scale height and warp of the ISM disc as well as the angle of the dust in the Galactic Bar. This resulting extinction map will be useful for studies of the inner Galaxy and its stellar populations.

20 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. Online data will shortly be available at the CDS

References in corpus (12)

• The Wavelength Dependence of Interstellar Extinction from 1.25 to 8.0 microns Using GLIMPSE Data
• A three-dimensional Galactic extinction model
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• 3D outer bulge structure from near infrared star counts
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• QUIJOTE Scientific Results -- VII. Galactic AME sources in the QUIJOTE-MFI Northern Hemisphere Wide-Survey
• The Value-Added Catalog of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries III: Masses and Radii of Gaia Spectroscopic Binaries
• Determining the Age of Young Embedded Clusters
• Luminosity-Colour Relations for Red Clump Stars
• Investigating Gaia EDR3 parallax systematics using asteroseismology of Cool Giant Stars observed by Kepler, K2, and TESS I. Asteroseismic distances to 12,500 red-giant stars
• Optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of Nova V2891 Cygni: evidence for shock-induced dust formation
• Revealing a main-sequence star that consumed a planet with JWST
• A radiation transfer model for the Milky Way. II The global properties and large scale structure
• Chandra, MDM, Swift, and NuSTAR observations confirming the SFXT nature of AX J1949.8+2534
• Influence of the Galactic bar on the kinematics of the disc stars with Gaia EDR3 data
• The Value-Added Catalog of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries II: Properties of Extra-Physics Systems
• X-ray studies of the gamma-ray pulsar J1826-1256 and its pulsar wind nebula with Chandra and XMM-Newton
• Near-infrared and optical studies of the highly obscured nova V1831 Aquilae (Nova Aquilae 2015)
• Spectroscopy of diffuse light in dust clouds. Scattered light and the solar neighbourhood radiation field
• Unveiling the molecular environment of the ring nebula RCW 78
• Observations of the $\gamma$-ray pulsar J1932+1916 in X-rays
• 3D structure of the Milky Way out to 10 kpc from the Sun. Catalogue of large molecular clouds in the Galactic Plane
• The distances to molecular clouds in the fourth Galactic quadrant
• The Outer spiral arm of the Milky Way using Red Clump stars
• THA 15-31: Discovery with VLT/X-Shooter and Swift/UVOT of a new symbiotic star of the accreting-only variety
• Near-infrared studies of V5558 Sgr: an unusually slow nova with multiple outbursts
• Catching a nova X-ray/UV flash in the visible? Early spectroscopy of the extremely slow Nova Velorum 2022 (Gaia22alz)
• A Stellar Population Synthesis Model for the Study of Ultraviolet Star Counts of the Galaxy
• BGM FASt: Besançon Galaxy Model for Big Data. Simultaneous inference of the IMF, SFH and density in the Solar Neighbourhood
• CO Core Candidates in the Gemini Molecular Cloud
• Three-dimensional extinction mapping and selection effects
• The Milky Way as Seen by Classical Cepheids I: Distances Based on Mid-infrared Photometry
• Near-infrared spectroscopy of 20 new Chandra sources in the Norma Arm
• The independent discovery of planet candidates around low mass stars and astrophysical false positives from the first two TESS sectors
• IGR J17463-2854, a Possible Symbiotic Binary System in the Galactic Center Region
• Source clustering in the Hi-GAL survey determined using a minimum spanning tree method
• A Search for Unbound Stellar Companions to Pulsar J1124-5916
• High mass function ellipsoidal variables in the Gaia Focused Product Release: searching for black hole candidates in the binary zoo
• OB Associations at the Upper End of the Milky Way Luminosity Function
• The Progenitor of the Vela Pulsar
• New classical Cepheids in the inner part of the northern Galactic disk and their kinematics
• Evidence of the Galactic outer ring R1R2' from young open clusters and OB-associations
• The Photo-Astrometric Vertical Tracer Density of the Milky Way I: The Method
• H$\alpha$ fluxes and extinction distances for planetary nebulae in the IPHAS survey of the Northern Galactic Plane
• A Bayesian algorithm for model selection applied to caustic-crossing binary-lens microlensing events
• Faint NUV/FUV Standards from Swift/UVOT, GALEX and SDSS Photometry
• Discovery of diffuse optical emission lines from the inner Galaxy: Evidence for LI(N)ER-like gas
• A dispersion excess from pulsar wind nebulae and supernova remnants: Implications for pulsars and FRBs
• Absolute Magnitude Calibration for Red Clump Stars
• Sample of optically unidentified X-ray binaries in the Galactic bulge. Constraints on the physical nature from infrared photometric surveys
• The incidence of mid-infrared excesses in G and K giants
• Metallicity Calibration and Photometric Parallax Estimation: II. SDSS photometry
• Approximate analytical description of the high latitude extinction
• Revisiting the galactic X-ray binary MAXI J1631-479: Implications for high inclination and a massive black hole
• A Galactic Self-Portrait: Density Structure and Integrated Properties of the Milky Way Disk
• Mapping the aliphatic hydrocarbon content of interstellar dust in the Galactic plane
• Infrared-Radio-follow-up Observations for Detection of the Magnetic Radio Emission of Extra-Solar Planets: A New Window to Detect Exoplanets
• Recovering variable stars in large surveys: EA${}_{\mathrm{up}}$ Algol-type class in the Catalina Survey
• Identifying four $INTEGRAL$ sources in the Galactic Plane via VLT/optical and $XMM$-$Newton$/X-ray spectroscopy
• A Chandra X-ray census of the interacting binaries in old open clusters - Collinder 261
• Transformations between 2MASS, SDSS and BVI photometric systems for late-type giants
• Stellar rotation effects in polarimetric microlensing
• The pros and cons of the inversion method approach to derive 3D dust emission properties of the ISM: the Hi-GAL field centred on (l,b)=(30${}^{\circ }$,0${}^{\circ }$)
• Infrared identification of 4U1323-619 revisited
• Solar Space Density of the Red Clump Stars and the Scale-length of the Thin Disc
• Local disc model in view of Gaia DR1 and RAVE data
• MeerKAT reveals a ghostly thermal radio ring towards the Galactic Centre
• Gaia23ckh: Symbiotic outburst of the assumed Mira variable V390 Sco
• Calibrated and completeness-corrected optical stellar density maps of the Northern Galactic Plane
• MOA-2019-BLG-008Lb: a new microlensing detection of an object at the planet/brown dwarf boundary
• TCP J07222683$+$6220548: a new AM CVn type system with infrequent outbursts
• Identification of field dwarfs and giants in RAVE
• Rubin LSST observing strategies to maximize volume and uniformity coverage of Star Forming Regions in the Galactic Plane
• Catching a Milky Way open cluster in its last breath
• Virtual Observatory based identification of AX J194939+2631 as a new cataclysmic variable
• Studying temporal variability of GRS1739-278 during the 2014 outburst
• Asymmetries in the LMC velocity maps
• The discovery based on GLIMPSE data of a protostar driving a bipolar outflow
• Large Scale Extinction Maps with UVIT
• The End of the Road for Far-infrared Reddening Maps? Evidence for Reddening Errors Driven by Changes in PAH Abundance
• How peculiar is the "peculiar variable" DZ Crucis (Nova Cru 2003)?
• Correlation of gas dynamics and dust in the evolved filament G82.65-02.00
• What determines the $\gamma$-ray luminosities of classical novae?
• The stellar population in the SARAO MeerKAT Galactic Plane Survey
• Long-period maser-bearing Miras in the Galactic center: period-luminosity relations and extinction estimates
• Star forming regions linked to RCW78 and the discovery of a new IR bubble
• Asteroseismically Inferred Ages of 132,000 Red Giants with TESS
• Discovery of a brown dwarf with quasi-spherical mass-loss
• A Tale of Three Dust Populations: Variable $R_{\mathrm{V}}$ and Extreme Polarization Along Sightlines Toward $\zeta$ Ophiuchi
• Dust Scattering from the Taurus Molecular Cloud
• Infrared spectroscopy of the recent outburst in V1047 Cen (Nova Centauri 2005)
• The Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey (PIGS) VI: Different vertical distributions between two DIBs at 442.8 nm and 862.1 nm
• Beyond the Nyquist frequency: Asteroseismic catalog of undersampled Kepler late subgiants and early red giants
• Searching for Low-mass Population III Stars Disguised as White Dwarfs
• Metallicity and absolute magnitude calibrations for F-G type main-sequence stars in the Gaia era
• Stellar statistics along the ecliptic and the impact on the K2 mission concept
• AT2021uey: A planetary microlensing event outside the Galactic bulge
• Symbiotic binaries in the Gaia data. I. Known symbiotics in DR3 and FPR
• The impact of the free-floating planet (FFP) mass function on the event rate for the accurate microlensing parallax determination: application to Euclid and Roman parallax observation
• Evidence of distant spiral arms in the Galactic disk quadrant IV from VVV red clump giants
• Gould Belt Members in X-ray RAVE: Cross-Matching RAVE Stars with 3XMM Point Sources
• Mapping the reddening plane in the Galactic disk through interstellar extinction of open clusters
• Mapping the Milky Way with Gaia Bp/Rp spectra-IV: the broken and asymmetric density profile of the stellar disk traced by a large sample of red clumps
• Forward-modelling Milky Way Cepheids: selection effects and physical priors in the Gaia-HST calibration
• Gaia20fnr: A binary-lens microlensing event with full orbital motion revealed by four space telescopes
• VarWISE: Infrared Variability via NEOWISE Single Exposure Photometry
• Variable Stars in M31 Stellar Clusters from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury
• Measuring the stellar atmosphere parameters using follow-up polarimetry microlensing observations
• Cloud G074.11+00.11: a stellar cluster in formation
• Stellar populations in a standard ISOGAL field in the Galactic disk
• A 'Quick Look' at All-Sky Galactic Archeology with TESS: 158,000 Oscillating Red Giants from the MIT Quick-Look Pipeline
• Oxyster: A Circumgalactic Low-ionization Oxygen Nebula next to a Starburst Galaxy at $z\sim 1$
• X-ray luminous late-type giants: an overlooked population contributing to the Galactic ridge iron line emission
• A Monte Carlo Implementation of Galactic Free-Free Emission for the EoR Foreground Models
• Observational imprints of tidal internal gravity wave dissipation in star-planet systems
• Preliminary Evaluation of the Kepler Input Catalog Extinction Model Using Stellar Temperatures