Probability of simultaneous parallax detection for free-floating planet microlensing events near Galactic Centre

Abstract

The event rate and the efficiency of mass estimation for free-floating planet (FFP) microlensing events were determined from the simulation of the simultaneous parallax observations by Euclid, WFIRST, and LSST. The stellar population from the Besançon Galactic model toward $(l,b)=(1^{\circ },-1{.}^{\circ }75)$ was applied to our 3D microlensing model, and 30,000 parallax observations were simulated for each following FFP lens masses: Jupiter-mass, Neptune-mass, and Earth-mass assuming the population of one FFP per star. The interstellar dust, unresolved stellar background, nearby star blending were modelled. A signal-to-noise limit considering a finite source effect determined the event detectability. The Euclid-WFIRST combination yielded 30.7 Jupiter-mass FFPs during two 30-day-periods per year in parallax observation. The parallax event rate decreases to 3.9 FFPs for Earth-mass planets. The mass estimation from the parallax light curve allowed recovery of FFP masses to within a factor of two for 20-26% of cases. The Euclid-LSST combination yielded 34.5 Jupiter-mass FFPs down to 0.5 Earth-mass FFPs for the same periods and the mass is recovered to within a factor of two in 20-40% of cases. The event rate will be normalised by the unknown FFP abundance to recover the number of expected detections.

arXiv comment20 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables. Submitted to MNRAS

References in corpus (36)

• LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
• Wide-Field InfrarRed Survey Telescope-Astrophysics Focused Telescope Assets WFIRST-AFTA 2015 Report
• LSST Science Book, Version 2.0
• Modelling the Galactic Interstellar Extinction Distribution in Three Dimensions
• Discovery of a Cool Planet of 5.5 Earth Masses Through Gravitational Microlensing
• Unbound or Distant Planetary Mass Population Detected by Gravitational Microlensing
• The Repeating Fast Radio Burst FRB 121102 as Seen on Milliarcsecond Angular Scales
• No large population of unbound or wide-orbit Jupiter-mass planets
• Microlens OGLE-2005-BLG-169 Implies Cool Neptune-Like Planets are Common
• Stellar populations in the Milky Way bulge region : Towards solving the Galactic bulge and bar shapes using 2MASS data
• Gaia Universe Model Snapshot : A statistical analysis of the expected contents of the Gaia catalogue
• Systematic Analysis of 22 Microlensing Parallax Candidates
• Pathway to the Galactic Distribution of Planets: Combined Spitzer and Ground-Based Microlens Parallax Measurements of 21 Single-Lens Events
• Discovery and Mass Measurements of a Cold, 10-Earth Mass Planet and Its Host Star
• Spitzer Parallax of OGLE-2015-BLG-0966: A Cold Neptune in the Galactic Disk
• A synthetic view on structure and evolution of the Milky Way
• ExELS: an exoplanet legacy science proposal for the ESA Euclid mission I. Cold exoplanets
• The Microlensing Event Rate and Optical Depth Toward the Galactic Bulge from MOA-II
• Albedo Properties of Main Belt Asteroids Based on the Infrared All-Sky Survey of the Astronomical Satellite AKARI
• Kepler-like Multi-Plexing for Mass Production of Microlens Parallaxes
• Campaign 9 of the $K2$ Mission: Observational Parameters, Scientific Drivers, and Community Involvement for a Simultaneous Space- and Ground-based Microlensing Survey
• Two new free-floating or wide-orbit planets from microlensing
• The bimodal color distribution of small Kuiper Belt objects
• Observations, Modeling and Theory of Debris Disks
• Constraining the Frequency of Free-Floating Planets from a Synthesis of Microlensing, Radial Velocity, and Direct Imaging Survey Results
• Lightcurves of 20--100 kilometer Kuiper Belt Objects using the Hubble Space Telescope
• Modeling the multi-wavelength light curves of PSR B1259-63/SS 2883
• Fast algorithms for slow moving asteroids: constraints on the distribution of Kuiper Belt Objects
• Planet Sensitivity from Combined Ground- and Space-based Microlensing Observations
• An Isolated Microlens Observed from K2, Spitzer and Earth
• On the Feasibility of Characterizing Free-floating Planets with Current and Future Space-based Microlensing Surveys
• The microlensing rate and distribution of free-floating planets towards the Galactic bulge
• ExELS: an exoplanet legacy science proposal for the ESA Euclid mission. II. Hot exoplanets and sub-stellar systems
• Microlensing planet detection via geosynchronous and low Earth orbit satellites
• A theoretical calculation of microlensing signatures caused by free-floating planets towards the Galactic bulge
• The role of host star variability in the detectability of planetary phase curves

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Predictions of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Galactic Exoplanet Survey II: Free-Floating Planet Detection Rates
• Limits on planetary-mass primordial black holes from the OGLE high-cadence survey of the Magellanic Clouds
• Masses for Free-Floating Planets and Dwarf Planets
• Euclid-Roman joint microlensing survey: early mass measurement, free floating planets and exomoons
• Measuring microlensing parallax via simultaneous observations from Chinese Space Station Telescope and Roman Telescope
• A Multi-Parameter Degeneracy in Microlensing Events with Extreme Finite Source Effects
• Exoplanet Occurrence Rates from Microlensing Surveys
• Prospects for Reconstructing the Free-floating Planet Mass Function at the Population Level with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
• The impact of the free-floating planet (FFP) mass function on the event rate for the accurate microlensing parallax determination: application to Euclid and Roman parallax observation