Validation of a quantized-current source with 0.2 ppm uncertainty

Abstract

We report on high-accuracy measurements of quantized current, sourced by a tunable-barrier single-electron pump at frequencies $f$ up to $1$ GHz. The measurements were performed with a new picoammeter instrument, traceable to the Josephson and quantum Hall effects. Current quantization according to $I=ef$ with $e$ the elementary charge was confirmed at $f=545$ MHz with a total relative uncertainty of 0.2 ppm, improving the state of the art by about a factor of 5. For the first time, the accuracy of a possible future quantum current standard based on single-electron transport was experimentally validated to be better than the best realization of the ampere within the present SI.

References in corpus (4)

• Single-parameter non-adiabatic quantized charge pumping
• Counting statistics for electron capture in a dynamic quantum dot
• An accurate single-electron pump based on a highly tunable silicon quantum dot
• Generation of energy selective excitations in quantum Hall edge states

Cited by in corpus (37)

• Evidence for universality of tunable-barrier electron pumps
• Thermal-error regime in high-accuracy gigahertz single-electron pumping
• Single Quantum Level Electron Turnstile
• Practical quantum realization of the ampere from the electron charge
• Validation of the ultrastable low-noise current amplifier as travelling standard for small direct currents
• Robust operation of a GaAs tunable barrier electron pump
• Electron pumping in the strong coupling and non-Markovian regime: A reaction coordinate mapping approach
• The ampere and the electrical units in the quantum era
• Fast and accurate Cooper pair pump
• Trapping and counting ballistic non-equilibrium electrons
• High-resolution error detection in the capture process of a single-electron pump
• Optimization of quantized charge pumping using full counting statistics
• Reducing current noise in cryogenic experiments by vacuum-insulated cables
• Gigahertz Single-Electron Pumping Mediated by Parasitic States
• Single-particle emission at finite temperatures
• A random-walk benchmark for single-electron circuits
• A primary quantum current standard based on the Josephson and the quantum Hall effects
• Quantum dot state initialization by control of tunneling rates
• Dynamics of a single-atom electron pump
• Re-evaluation of uncertainty for calibration of $100$ M$\Omega$ and $1$ G$\Omega$ resistors at NPL
• Non-adiabatic single-electron pump in a dopant-free GaAs/AlGaAs 2DEG
• Dopant-controlled single-electron pumping through a metallic island
• Electron counting capacitance standard and quantum metrology triangle experiments at PTB
• A unified realization of electrical quantities from the quantum International System of Units
• Charge pumping in strongly-coupled molecular quantum dots
• Design and operation of CMOS-compatible electron pumps fabricated with optical lithography
• Single-Hole Pump in Germanium
• Electron shuttle as an autonomous single-electron source
• Recovery of a SINIS turnstile accuracy in a strongly non-equilibrium regime
• Advances toward high-accuracy gigahertz operation of tunable-barrier single-hole pumps in silicon
• An ambipolar single-charge pump in silicon
• On-Demand Single-Electron Source via Single-Cycle Acoustic Pulses
• Scalable Parallel Single-Electron Pumps in Silicon with Split-Source Control in the Nanoampere Regime
• Controlling the error mechanism in a tunable-barrier non-adiabatic charge pump by dynamic gate compensation
• Suppression of back-tunnelling events in hybrid single-electron turnstiles by source-drain bias modulation
• Quantized Acoustoelectric Floquet Effect in Quantum Nanowires
• Coupling-energy driven pumping through quantum dots: Role of coherences