Theory of pump-probe photoemission in graphene: Ultrafast tuning of Floquet bands and local pseudospin textures

Abstract

The control of physical properties of solids with short laser pulses is an intriguing prospect of ultrafast materials science. Continuous-wave high-frequency laser driving with circular polarization was predicted to induce a light-matter coupled new state possessing a quasi-static band structure with an energy gap and a quantum Hall effect, coined "Floquet topological insulator". Whereas the envisioned Floquet topological insulator requires well separated Floquet bands and therefore high-frequency pumping, a natural follow-up question regards the creation of Floquet-like states in graphene with realistic pump laser pulses. Here we predict that with short low-frequency laser pulses attainable in pump-probe experiments, states with local spectral gaps at the Dirac points and novel pseudospin textures can be achieved in graphene using circular light polarization. We demonstrate that time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy can track these states by measuring sizeable energy gaps and quasi-Floquet energy bands that form on femtosecond time scales. By analyzing Floquet energy level crossings and snapshots of pseudospin textures near the Dirac points, we identify transitions to new states with optically induced nontrivial changes of sublattice mixing that can lead to Berry curvature corrections of electrical transport and magnetization.

7 pages, 4 figures plus Supplementary Material

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Cited by in corpus (182)

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• Anomalous Floquet Insulators
• Monitoring in real time the photon-dressing and undressing of quasiparticles from first principles time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
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• Ultrafast dynamics of electrons and phonons: from the two-temperature model to the time-dependent Boltzmann equation
• Ultrafast Microscopy of a Plasmonic Spin Skyrmion
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• Floquet interface states in illuminated three-dimensional topological insulators
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• Universal chiral quasi-steady states in periodically driven many-body systems
• Electromagnetic dressing of the electron energy spectrum of Au(111) at high momenta
• Floquet Weyl fermions in circularly-polarised-light-irradiated three-dimensional stacked graphene systems
• The magnetic, electronic, and light-induced topological properties in two-dimensional hexagonal FeX2 (X = Cl, Br, I) monolayers
• Floquet engineering topological many-body localized systems
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• Observing light-induced Floquet band gaps in the longitudinal conductivity of graphene
• Spin-Valley Polarized Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect and a Valley-Controlled Half Metal in Bilayer Graphene
• Floquet engineering of magnetic topological insulator MnBi${}_2$Te${}_4$ films
• Determine the chirality of Weyl fermions from the circular dichroism spectra of time-dependent ARPES
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• Positivity of the spectral densities of retarded Floquet Green functions
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• Light-induced d-wave superconductivity through Floquet-engineered Fermi surfaces in cuprates
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• Light-induced phase crossovers in a quantum spin Hall system
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• Photo-induced tunable Anomalous Hall and Nernst effects in tilted Weyl Semimetals using Floquet theory
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• Transport signatures of a Floquet topological transition at the helical edge
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