Dirac cones, Floquet side bands and theory of time resolved ARPES

Abstract

Pump-probe techniques with high temporal resolution allow one to drive a system of interest out of equilibrium and at the same time, probe its properties. Recent advances in these techniques open the door to studying new, non-equilibrium phenomena such as Floquet topological insulators and superconductors. These advances also necessitate the development of theoretical tools for understanding the experimental findings and predicting new ones. In the present work, we provide a theoretical foundation to understand the non-equilibrium behavior of a Dirac system. We present detailed numerical calculations and simple analytic results for the evolution of a Dirac system irradiated by light. These results are framed intuitively by appealing to the recently revitalized notion of side-bands. We find that, under the application of circularly polarized light, a Dirac point only ever splits into two copies of sidebands. Meanwhile, the application of linearly polarized light leaves the Dirac point intact while producing side bands. Our immediate interest in this work is in connection to time and angle resolved photoemission experiments, where we find excellent qualitative agreement between our results and those in the literature. However, our results are general and may prove useful beyond this particular application and should be relevant to other pump-probe experiments.

14 pages, 6 figures. For videos of several simulations and additional information see http://www.physics.mcgill.ca/~tamipb/tr_arpes.html; Version published in PRB

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Cited by in corpus (12)

• Buildup and dephasing of Floquet-Bloch bands on subcycle time scales
• Floquet band structure of a semi-Dirac system
• Linear Response Theory and Optical Conductivity of Floquet Topological Insulators
• Advancing time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy: The role of ultrafast laser development
• Engineering Dirac states in graphene: Coexisting type-I and type-II Floquet-Dirac fermions
• Topological edge state engineering with high-frequency electromagnetic radiation
• Floquet topological insulators: from band structure engineering to novel non-equilibrium quantum phenomena
• Non-adiabatic bulk-surface oscillations in driven topological insulators
• Floquet engineering of Dirac cones on the surface of a topological insulator
• Tuning of Bilayer Graphene Heterostructure by Horizontally Incident Circular Polarized Light
• Optical conductivity of a topological system driven using a realistic pulse
• Localized Floquet states in gated bilayer graphene induced by a focused optical beam with orbital angular momentum