The RMS Survey: The Bolometric Fluxes and Luminosity Distributions of Young Massive Stars

Abstract

Context: The Red MSX Source (RMS) survey is returning a large sample of massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) and ultra-compact (UC) \HII{} regions using follow-up observations of colour-selected candidates from the MSX point source catalogue. Aims: To obtain the bolometric fluxes and, using kinematic distance information, the luminosities for young RMS sources with far-infrared fluxes. Methods: We use a model spectral energy distribution (SED) fitter to obtain the bolometric flux for our sources, given flux data from our work and the literature. The inputs to the model fitter were optimised by a series of investigations designed to reveal the effect varying these inputs had on the resulting bolometric flux. Kinematic distances derived from molecular line observations were then used to calculate the luminosity of each source. Results: Bolometric fluxes are obtained for 1173 young RMS sources, of which 1069 have uniquely constrained kinematic distances and good SED fits. A comparison of the bolometric fluxes obtained using SED fitting with trapezium rule integration and two component greybody fits was also undertaken, and showed that both produce considerable scatter compared to the method used here. Conclusions: The bolometric flux results allowed us to obtain the luminosity distributions of YSOs and UC\HII{} regions in the RMS sample, which we find to be different. We also find that there are few MYSOs with L $\ge$ 10${}^5$\lsol{}, despite finding many MYSOs with 10${}^4$\lsol{} $\ge$ L $\ge$ 10${}^5$\lsol{}.

12 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, accepted to A&A. The full versions of tables 1 and 2 will be available via the CDS upon publication

References in corpus (8)

• The Boston University-Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory Galactic Ring Survey
• The SCUBA Legacy Catalogue: Continuum Objects Detected by SCUBA
• Kinematic Distances to Molecular Clouds identified in the Galactic Ring Survey
• The RMS Survey: Radio observations of candidate massive YSOs in the southern hemisphere
• Molecular clouds and clumps in the Boston University-Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory Galactic Ring Survey
• The RMS Survey: Mid-Infrared Observations of Candidate Massive YSOs in the Southern Hemisphere
• The RMS Survey: ${}^{13}$CO observations of candidate massive YSOs in the northern Galactic plane
• Spectral energy distribution modelling of Southern candidate massive protostars using the Bayesian inference method

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