The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background is detectable in Super-Kamiokande

Abstract

The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) provides an immediate opportunity to study the emission of MeV thermal neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae. The DSNB is a powerful probe of stellar and neutrino physics, provided that the core-collapse rate is large enough and that its uncertainty is small enough. To assess the important physics enabled by the DSNB, we start with the cosmic star formation history of Hopkins & Beacom (2006) and confirm its normalization and evolution by cross-checks with the supernova rate, extragalactic background light, and stellar mass density. We find a sufficient core-collapse rate with small uncertainties that translate into a variation of +/- 40% in the DSNB event spectrum. Considering thermal neutrino spectra with effective temperatures between 4-6 MeV, the predicted DSNB is within a factor 4-2 below the upper limit obtained by Super-Kamiokande in 2003. Furthermore, detection prospects would be dramatically improved with a gadolinium-enhanced Super-Kamiokande: the backgrounds would be significantly reduced, the fluxes and uncertainties converge at the lower threshold energy, and the predicted event rate is 1.2-5.6 events /yr in the energy range 10-26 MeV. These results demonstrate the imminent detection of the DSNB by Super-Kamiokande and its exciting prospects for studying stellar and neutrino physics.

14 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, some added discussions, accepted for publication in Physical Review D

References in corpus (109)

• Stellar population synthesis at the resolution of 2003
• On the variation of the Initial Mass Function
• Star Formation in Galaxies Along the Hubble Sequence
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Power-spectrum analysis of the final dataset and cosmological implications
• A Unified, Merger-Driven Model for the Origin of Starbursts, Quasars, the Cosmic X-Ray Background, Supermassive Black Holes and Galaxy Spheroids
• On the normalisation of the cosmic star formation history
• Neutron Star Observations: Prognosis for Equation of State Constraints
• The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Near Infrared Galaxy Luminosity Functions
• The Cosmic Infrared Background: Measurements and Implications
• Radioactive 26Al and massive stars in the Galaxy
• The Spectrum of the Extragalactic Far Infrared Background from the COBE Firas Observations
• Evolution of Protoneutron Stars
• Monte Carlo Study of Supernova Neutrino Spectra Formation
• Mass Limits For Black Hole Formation
• A Steep Faint-End Slope of the UV Luminosity Function at z~2-3: Implications for the Global Stellar Mass Density and Star Formation in Low Mass Halos
• On the evolution of star forming galaxies
• A low level of extragalactic background light as revealed by gamma-rays from blazars
• The Cosmic Infrared Background Resolved by Spitzer. Contributions of Mid-Infrared Galaxies to the Far-Infrared Background
• Spitzer view on the evolution of star-forming galaxies from z=0 to z~3
• The angular distribution of the reaction ${\bar{\nu }}_e+p\to e^{+}+n$
• Very-High-Energy Gamma Rays from a Distant Quasar: How Transparent Is the Universe?
• The COMBO-17 Survey: Evolution of the Galaxy Luminosity Function from 25,000 Galaxies with 0.2<z<1.2
• GADZOOKS! Antineutrino Spectroscopy with Large Water Cerenkov Detectors
• Precise quasielastic neutrino/nucleon cross section
• The Bulk of the Cosmic Infrared Background Resolved by ISOCAM
• Revealing the High-Redshift Star Formation Rate with Gamma-Ray Bursts
• Deep Galaxy Counts, Extragalactic Background Light, and the Stellar Baryon Budget
• The K20 survey. VI. The Distribution of the Stellar Masses in Galaxies up to z~2
• The 24 Micron Source Counts in Deep Spitzer Surveys
• Shock Breakout in Core-Collapse Supernovae and its Neutrino Signature
• The GALEX-VVDS Measurement of the Evolution of the Far-Ultraviolet Luminosity Density and the Cosmic Star Formation Rate
• Probing the gravitational well: No supernova explosion in spherical symmetry with general relativistic Boltzmann neutrino transport
• Explosion Mechanism, Neutrino Burst, and Gravitational Wave in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The SWIRE-VVDS-CFHTLS surveys: stellar mass assembly over the last 10 Gyears. Evidence for a major build up of the red sequence between z=2 and z=1
• A Finite Difference Representation of Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics in Spherically Symmetric General Relativistic Space-Time
• High Resolution Calculations of Merging Neutron Stars II: Neutrino Emission
• Spherically Symmetric Simulation with Boltzmann Neutrino Transport of Core Collapse and Post-Bounce Evolution of a 15 Solar Mass Star
• Number Counts At 3 < lambda < 10 um From the Spitzer Space Telescope
• Constraints on a Universal IMF from UV to Near-IR Galaxy Luminosity Densities
• A Survey About Nothing: Monitoring a Million Supergiants for Failed Supernovae
• New constraints on the Mid-IR EBL from the HESS discovery of VHE gamma rays from 1ES 0229+200
• A Neutron Star with a Massive Progenitor in Westerlund 1
• Future Detection of Supernova Neutrino Burst and Explosion Mechanism
• Neutrino-pasta scattering: the opacity of nonuniform neutron-rich matter
• Neutrino Opacities in Nuclear Matter
• High Redshift Supernova Rates
• The COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment Search for the Cosmic Infrared Background: IV. Cosmological Implications
• Simulation of the Spherically Symmetric Stellar Core Collapse, Bounce, and Postbounce Evolution of a 13 Solar Mass Star with Boltzmann Neutrino Transport, and Its Implications for the Supernova Mechanism
• The Evolution of Stellar Mass and the Implied Star Formation History
• The GALEX-VVDS Measurement of the Evolution of the 1500A Luminosity Function
• Search for Supernova Relic Neutrinos at Super-Kamiokande
• Viscosity and Rotation in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Neutrino Nucleosynthesis
• IRTS observation of the near-infrared extragalactic background light
• The COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment Search for the Cosmic Infrared Background: III. Separation of Galactic Emission from the Infrared Sky Brightness
• Detection of Neutrinos from Supernovae in Nearby Galaxies
• The First Detections of the Extragalactic Background Light at 3000, 5500, and 8000A (I): Results
• Relic neutrino background from cosmological supernovae
• The Cosmic Infrared Background at 1.25 microns and 2.2 microns using DIRBE and 2MASS: a contribution not due to galaxies ?
• Supernova rates from the Southern inTermediate Redshift ESO Supernova Search (STRESS)
• Star Formation and Metallicity History of the SDSS galaxy survey: unlocking the fossil record
• Collective three-flavor oscillations of supernova neutrinos
• Dynamics and neutrino signal of black hole formation in non-rotating failed supernovae. I. EOS dependence
• An Unexpectedly Swift Rise in the Gamma-ray Burst Rate
• Neutrino Oscillations and the Supernova 1987A Signal
• Simultaneous Constraints on the Spectrum of the Extragalactic Background Light and the Intrinsic Tev Spectra of Mrk 421, Mrk 501, and H1426+428
• On the Evolutionary History of Stars and their Fossil Mass and Light
• A Tentative Detection of the Cosmic Infrared Background at 3.5 microns from COBE/DIRBE Observations
• Blazar Gamma-Rays, Shock Acceleration, and the Extragalactic Background Light
• Spitzer 70-micron Source Counts in GOODS-North
• An ISOCAM survey through gravitationally lensing galaxy clusters
• Neutrino-Nucleus Reaction Cross Sections for Light Element Synthesis in Supernova Explosions
• Black Hole Formation in Core-Collapse Supernovae and Time-of-Flight Measurements of the Neutrino Masses
• The Progenitors of Type Ia Supernovae
• Detectability of the Supernova Relic Neutrinos and Neutrino Oscillation
• Effects of Inelastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Supernova Dynamics and Radiated Neutrino Spectra
• DIRBE Minus 2MASS: Confirming the Cosmic Infrared Background at 2.2 Microns
• Three-generation flavor transitions and decays of supernova relic neutrinos
• The Concordance Cosmic Star Formation Rate: Implications from and for the Supernova Neutrino and Gamma Ray Backgrounds
• Spectrum of the Supernova Relic Neutrino Background and Evolution of Galaxies
• Death rate of massive stars at redshift ~0.3
• The Supernova Relic Neutrino Background
• The Near Infrared Background: Interplanetary Dust or Primordial Stars?
• Constraining the Spectrum of Supernova Neutrinos from Neutrino-Process-Induced Light-Element Synthesis
• The First Detections of the Extragalactic Background Light at 3000, 5500, and 8000A (III): Cosmological Implications
• Mu-tau neutrino refraction and collective three-flavor transformations in supernovae
• Decaying neutrinos and implications from the supernova relic neutrino observation
• Constraints on the Star Formation Rate from Supernova Relic Neutrino Observations
• The GZK Feature in our Neighborhood of the Universe
• Effects of Neutrino Oscillation on the Supernova Neutrino Spectrum
• Evolution of the Cosmic Gas and the Relic Supernova Neutrino Background
• Spectrum of the relic neutrino background from past supernovae and cosmological models
• The SDSS u-band Galaxy Survey: Luminosity functions and evolution
• The diffuse supernova neutrino flux, supernova rate and SN1987A
• Star Formation History of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: Comparison with the HDFN
• Neutrinos from SN1987A: flavor conversion and interpretation of results
• Probing the 3.6 Micron CIRB with Spitzer in 3 DIRBE Dark Spots
• Neutrino Spectrum from SN 1987A and from Cosmic Supernovae
• Cosmic Star Formation History and the Future Observation of Supernova Relic Neutrinos
• Direct Measurement of Supernova Neutrino Emission Parameters with a Gadolinium-Enhanced Super-Kamiokande Detector
• Supernova relic neutrinos and observational implications for neutrino oscillation
• Effect of Collective Flavor Oscillations on the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Effects of neutrino oscillation on supernova neutrino: inverted mass hierarchy
• Supernova Neutrinos, Neutrino Oscillations, and the Mass of the Progenitor Star
• Upper limits on the diffuse supernova neutrino flux from the SuperKamiokande data
• Is the Universe More Transparent to Gamma Rays Than Previously Thought?
• Reanalyses of Voyager Ultraviolet Spectrometer Limits to the EUV and FUV Diffuse Astronomical Flux
• Corrections of Errors in `The First Detections of the Extragalactic Background Light at 3000, 5500, and 8000 Å. I, II, and III'
• The Supernova Type Ia Rate Evolution with SNLS

Cited by in corpus (136)

• Neutrino Physics with JUNO
• Modeling the Extragalactic Background Light from Stars and Dust
• Revisiting the SN1987A gamma-ray limit on ultralight axion-like particles
• Accelerating Compact Object Mergers in Triple Systems with the Kozai Resonance: A Mechanism for "Prompt" Type Ia Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursts, and Other Exotica
• The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Galactic Searches for Dark Matter
• The Extragalactic Background Light and the Gamma-ray Opacity of the Universe
• The next-generation liquid-scintillator neutrino observatory LENA
• The Cosmic Core-collapse Supernova Rate does not match the Massive-Star Formation Rate
• A New Class of Luminous Transients and A First Census of Their Massive Stellar Progenitors
• Supernova Relic Neutrino Search at Super-Kamiokande
• Neutrino Coherent Scattering Rates at Direct Dark Matter Detectors
• Extragalactic Background Light from Hierarchical Galaxy Formation: Gamma-ray Attenuation up to the Epoch of Cosmic Reionization and the First Stars
• Determination of intergalactic magnetic fields from gamma ray data
• A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics
• Role of line-of-sight cosmic ray interactions in forming the spectra of distant blazars in TeV gamma rays and high-energy neutrinos
• What can be learned from a future supernova neutrino detection?
• Dark Matter Annihilation to Neutrinos
• The nature of the Diffuse Gamma-Ray Background
• Supernova Relic Neutrino Search with Neutron Tagging at Super-Kamiokande-IV
• On the occurrence of fast neutrino flavor conversions in multidimensional supernova models
• A comparison between star formation rate diagnostics and rate of core collapse supernovae within 11 Mpc
• Search for extraterrestrial antineutrino sources with the KamLAND detector
• Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background Search at Super-Kamiokande
• Fast Neutrino Flavor Conversion Modes in Multidimensional Core-collapse Supernova Models: the Role of the Asymmetric Neutrino Distributions
• Cosmic Gamma-Ray Background from Star-Forming Galaxies
• Correlated Gravitational Wave and Neutrino Signals from General-Relativistic Rapidly Rotating Iron Core Collapse
• White Paper on New Opportunities at the Next-Generation Neutrino Experiments (Part 1: BSM Neutrino Physics and Dark Matter)
• The red supergiant and supernova rate problems: implications for core-collapse supernova physics
• Diffuse supernova neutrinos at underground laboratories
• Measuring the supernova unknowns at the next-generation neutrino telescopes through the diffuse neutrino background
• Bounds on axion-like particles from the diffuse supernova flux
• Impact of form factor uncertainties on interpretations of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering data
• A New Code for Proto-Neutron Star Evolution
• Strong New Constraints on the Extragalactic Background Light in the Near- to Mid-IR
• Stellar Collapse Diversity and the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Fundamental physics with the diffuse supernova background neutrinos
• First calculation of cosmic-ray muon spallation backgrounds for MeV astrophysical neutrino signals in Super-Kamiokande
• Boosted dark matter from diffuse supernova neutrinos
• The meV mass frontier of axion physics
• Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background from extensive core-collapse simulations of $8$-$100{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ progenitors
• Diffuse supernova neutrinos: oscillation effects, stellar cooling and progenitor mass dependence
• First measurement of radioactive isotope production through cosmic-ray muon spallation in Super-Kamiokande IV
• Dips in the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Revealing Type Ia supernova physics with cosmic rates and nuclear gamma rays
• Developing the MeV potential of DUNE: Detailed considerations of muon-induced spallation and other backgrounds
• Supernova Remnant Progenitor Masses in M31
• Search for astrophysical electron antineutrinos in Super-Kamiokande with 0.01wt% gadolinium-loaded water
• Synoptic Sky Surveys and the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background: Removing Astrophysical Uncertainties and Revealing Invisible Supernovae
• 3D template-based $Fermi$-LAT constraints on the diffuse supernova axion-like particle background
• Diffuse neutrinos from luminous and dark supernovae: prospects for upcoming detectors at the O(10) kt scale
• Detecting the QCD phase transition in the next Galactic supernova neutrino burst
• Novel neutrino-floor and dark matter searches with deformed shell model calculations
• Limits on astrophysical antineutrinos with the KamLAND experiment
• Prospects for Detecting the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with JUNO
• Implications of the Pseudo-Dirac Scenario for Ultra High Energy Neutrinos from GRBs
• Impact of binary interactions on the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• $Z^{\prime }$ Mediated WIMPs: Dead, Dying, or Soon to be Detected?
• Neutrino physics with dark matter detectors
• Towards Probing the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background in All Flavors
• Imprint of Explosion Mechanism on Supernova Relic Neutrinos
• Searching for Sub-GeV Dark Matter in the Galactic Centre using Hyper-Kamiokande
• Effects of stellar rotation on star formation rates and comparison to core-collapse supernova rates
• Casting a Wide Signal Net with Future Direct Dark Matter Detection Experiments
• Resonant Neutrino Self-Interactions
• Exclusion limits on Dark Matter-Neutrino Scattering Cross-section
• Discovery potential for supernova relic neutrinos with slow liquid scintillator detectors
• Detecting the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with LENA
• B anomalies and dark matter: a complex connection
• Robust measurement of supernova ${\nu }_e$ spectra with future neutrino detectors
• SDWFS-MT-1: A Self-Obscured Luminous Supernova at z~0.2
• Flavor Triangle of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• No Indications of Axion-Like Particles From Fermi
• Neutral-current background induced by atmospheric neutrinos at large liquid-scintillator detectors: I. model predictions
• Probing thermonuclear supernova explosions with neutrinos
• Probing Relativistic Axions from Transient Astrophysical Sources
• Neutrino Signatures From Young Neutron Stars
• Measurement of neutrino-oxygen neutral-current quasi-elastic cross section using atmospheric neutrinos at Super-Kamiokande
• On Stellar Evolution In A Neutrino Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
• Flavour specific neutrino self-interaction: $H_0$ tension and IceCube
• Constraints on Decaying Sterile Neutrinos from Solar Antineutrinos
• The Absolute Rate of LGRB Formation
• The diffuse supernova neutrino background: Expectations and uncertainties derived from SN1987A
• Determination of Trace Levels of Uranium and Thorium in High Purity Gadolinium Sulfate Using ICP-MS with Solid-Phase Chromatographic Extraction Resin
• XENONnT and LUX-ZEPLIN constraints on DSNB-boosted dark matter
• Constraining axion-like particles with the diffuse gamma-ray flux measured by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory
• Non-Universal Stellar Initial Mass Functions: Large Uncertainties in Star Formation Rates at $z\approx 2-4$ and Other Astrophysical Probes
• The Cosmic MeV Neutrino Background as a Laboratory for Black Hole Formation
• Probing the peak of the star formation rate density with the extragalactic background light
• The diffuse supernova neutrino background as a probe of late-time neutrino mass generation
• Radio Supernovae in the Great Survey Era
• Upper Limits on the Cosmic Neutrino Background from Cosmic Rays
• Prospects for future very high-energy gamma-ray sky survey: impact of secondary gamma rays
• Neutrino secret self-interactions: a booster shot for the cosmic neutrino background
• Diffuse neutrino background from past core-collapse supernovae
• Energy-dependent Boosted Dark Matter from Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Impact of late-time neutrino emission on the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• Electroweak stars: how nature may capitalize on the standard model's ultimate fuel
• JUNO sensitivity to the annihilation of MeV dark matter in the galactic halo
• Probing self-interacting sterile neutrino dark matter with the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• Diffuse Neutrino Flux Based on the Rates of Core-collapse Supernovae and Black Hole Formation Deduced from a Novel Galactic Chemical Evolution Model
• Diffuse supernova neutrino background with up-to-date star formation rate measurements and long-term multidimensional supernova simulations
• Diffuse neutrino supernova background as a cosmological test
• Neutrino non-radiative decay and the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• Neutrino Acceleration by Bulk Matter Motion and Explosion Mechanism of Gamma-Ray Bursts
• The Diffuse Gamma-ray Background from Type Ia Supernovae
• Stellar Neutrino Emission Across The Mass-Metallicity Plane
• Limit on Continuous Neutrino Emission from Neutron Stars
• Dark Matter Pollution in the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Distinctive nuclear signatures of low-energy atmospheric neutrinos
• Recommended conventions for reporting results from direct dark matter searches
• Rocks, Water and Noble Liquids: Unfolding the Flavor Contents of Supernova Neutrinos
• R-process beta-decay neutrino flux from binary neutron star mergers and collapsars
• Equation of state in neutron stars and supernovae
• Constraining axionlike particles with invisible neutrino decay using the IceCube observations of NGC 1068
• First Detailed Calculation of Atmospheric Neutrino Foregrounds to the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background in Super-Kamiokande
• The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background in the Standard and Double Collapse Models
• Supernova-Neutrino-Boosted Dark Matter from All Galaxies
• Diffuse Neutrino Background from Magnetorotational Stellar Core Collapses
• Probing a diffuse flux of axion-like particles from galactic supernovae with neutrino water Cherenkov detectors
• Hunting Nonstandard Neutrino Interactions and Leptoquarks in Dark Matter Experiments
• A search for correlated low-energy electron antineutrinos in KamLAND with gamma-ray bursts
• Widen the Resonance: Probing a New Regime of Neutrino Self-Interactions with Astrophysical Neutrinos
• Impacts of Black-Hole-Forming Supernova Explosions on the Diffuse Neutrino Background
• Development of the measurement for radium using germanium detector with molecular recognition resin
• Is the $\bar{\theta }$ parameter of QCD constant?
• Olber's Paradox for Superluminal Neutrinos: Constraining Extreme Neutrino Speeds at TeV-ZeV Energies with the Diffuse Neutrino Background
• Disentangling Sub-GeV Dark Matter from the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background using Hyper-Kamiokande
• Evaluation of Gadolinium's Action on Water Cherenkov Detector Systems with EGADS
• First constraints on axion-like particles from Galactic sub-PeV gamma rays
• Neutrinos from Diffuse Supernova Background
• High-Energy Neutrinos from Cosmic-Ray Scatterings with Supernova Neutrinos
• Mapping the evolution of supernova-neutrino-boosted dark matter within the Milky Way
• Low energy neutrino scattering : from fundamental interaction studies to astrophysics
• Improved method for measuring low concentration radium and its application to the Super-Kamiokande Gadolinium project
• New Insights into Uncertainties in the Relic Neutrino Background and Effects from the Nuclear Equation of State