Impact of late-time neutrino emission on the diffuse supernova neutrino background

Abstract

In the absence of high-statistics supernova neutrino measurements, estimates of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) hinge on the precision of simulations of core-collapse supernovae. Understanding the cooling phase of protoneutron star (PNS) evolution ($\gtrsim 1\mathrm{s}$ after core bounce) is crucial, since approximately 50% of the energy liberated by neutrinos is emitted during the cooling phase. We model the cooling phase with a hybrid method by combining the neutrino emission predicted by 3D hydrodynamic simulations with several cooling-phase estimates, including a novel two-parameter correlation depending on the final baryonic PNS mass and the time of shock revival. We find that the predicted DSNB event rate at Super-Kamiokande can vary by a factor of $\sim 2-3$ depending on the cooling-phase treatment. We also find that except for one cooling estimate, the range in predicted DSNB events is largely driven by the uncertainty in the neutrino mean energy. With a good understanding of the late-time neutrino emission, more precise DSNB estimates can be made for the next generation of DSNB searches.

15 pages, 6+4 figures, 6 tables. This matches the version published in PRD

References in corpus (35)

• Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Theory
• Supernova Neutrino Detection
• The Overarching Framework of Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions as Revealed by 3D Fornax Simulations
• The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Nucleosynthesis-relevant conditions in neutrino-driven supernova outflows. I. Spherically symmetric hydrodynamic simulations
• The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background is detectable in Super-Kamiokande
• Self-consistent 3D Supernova Models From -7 Minutes to +7 Seconds: a 1-bethe Explosion of a ~19 Solar-mass Progenitor
• Grand Unified Neutrino Spectrum at Earth: Sources and Spectral Components
• Supernova Neutrino Light Curves and Spectra for Various Progenitor Stars: From Core Collapse to Proto-neutron Star Cooling
• Rotation-supported Neutrino-driven Supernova Explosions in Three Dimensions and the Critical Luminosity Condition
• Three-dimensional Models of Core-collapse Supernovae From Low-mass Progenitors With Implications for Crab
• Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background Search at Super-Kamiokande
• Diffuse neutrino flux from failed supernovae
• Effects of symmetry energy on equation of state for simulations of core-collapse supernovae and neutron-star mergers
• The red supergiant and supernova rate problems: implications for core-collapse supernova physics
• Core-collapse supernova neutrino emission and detection informed by state-of-the-art three-dimensional numerical models
• Stellar Collapse Diversity and the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Neutrino emission characteristics of black hole formation in three-dimensional simulations of stellar collapse
• The search for failed supernovae with the Large Binocular Telescope: a new candidate and the failed SN fraction with 11 yr of data
• Exciting Prospects for Detecting Late-Time Neutrinos from Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Equation of State and Progenitor Dependence of Stellar-Mass Black-Hole Formation
• Spectrum of the Supernova Relic Neutrino Background and Metallicity Evolution of Galaxies
• Supernova Relic Neutrinos and the Supernova Rate Problem: Analysis of Uncertainties and Detectability of ONeMg and Failed Supernovae
• Three-dimensional simulation of a core-collapse supernova for a binary star progenitor of SN 1987A
• Supernova neutrino signals based on long-term axisymmetric simulations
• Impact of binary interactions on the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• Direct Measurement of Supernova Neutrino Emission Parameters with a Gadolinium-Enhanced Super-Kamiokande Detector
• Magnetic support for neutrino-driven explosion of 3D non-rotating core-collapse supernova models
• Flavor Triangle of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
• Influence of density dependence of symmetry energy in hot and dense matter for supernova simulations
• Observing Supernova Neutrino Light Curves with Super-Kamiokande. II. Impact of the Nuclear Equation of State
• Numerical Study of Stellar Core Collapse and Neutrino Emission Using the Nuclear Equation of State Obtained by the Variational Method
• Prospects for the detection of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with the experiments SK-Gd and JUNO
• Analytic solutions for neutrino-light curves of core-collapse supernovae
• Neutrinos from the cosmic noon: a probe of the cosmic star formation history

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Search for astrophysical electron antineutrinos in Super-Kamiokande with 0.01wt% gadolinium-loaded water
• Diffuse neutrino background from past core-collapse supernovae
• Diffuse Neutrino Flux Based on the Rates of Core-collapse Supernovae and Black Hole Formation Deduced from a Novel Galactic Chemical Evolution Model
• Exploring the Fate of Stellar Core Collapse with Supernova Relic Neutrinos
• Diffuse supernova neutrino background with up-to-date star formation rate measurements and long-term multidimensional supernova simulations
• Impacts of Black-Hole-Forming Supernova Explosions on the Diffuse Neutrino Background
• Neutrinos from Diffuse Supernova Background