Limits on astrophysical antineutrinos with the KamLAND experiment

Abstract

We report on a search for electron antineutrinos (${\bar{\nu }}_e$) from astrophysical sources in the neutrino energy range 8.3 to 30.8 MeV with the KamLAND detector. In an exposure of 6.72 kton-year of the liquid scintillator, we observe 18 candidate events via the inverse beta decay reaction. Although there is a large background uncertainty from neutral current atmospheric neutrino interactions, we find no significant excess over background model predictions. Assuming several supernova relic neutrino spectra, we give upper flux limits of 60--110 cm${}^{-2}$ s${}^{-1}$ (90% CL) in the analysis range and present a model-independent flux. We also set limits on the annihilation rates for light dark matter pairs to neutrino pairs. These data improves on the upper probability limit of ${}^8$B solar neutrinos converting into ${\bar{\nu }}_e$'s, $P_{{\nu }_e\to {\bar{\nu }}_e}<3.5\times 10^{-5}$ (90% CL) assuming an undistorted ${\bar{\nu }}_e$ shape. This corresponds to a solar ${\bar{\nu }}_e$ flux of 60 cm${}^{-2}$ s${}^{-1}$ (90% CL) in the analysis energy range.

21 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal

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• Diffuse Neutrino Background from Magnetorotational Stellar Core Collapses
• Insights on the Cosmic Origin of Matter from Proton Stability
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• New Signal of Atmospheric Tau Neutrino Appearance: Sub-GeV Neutral-Current Interactions in JUNO
• Implications of MicroBooNE's low sensitivity to electron antineutrino interactions in the search for the MiniBooNE excess
• Directional Neutrino Searches for Galactic Center Dark Matter at Large Underground LArTPCs
• Neutrinos from Diffuse Supernova Background
• Benchmarks and applications of the nuclear deexcitation event generator NucDeEx
• KamLAND's search for correlated low-energy electron antineutrinos with astrophysical neutrinos from IceCube
• Estimating JUNO's Sensitivity to Solar Neutrino-to-antineutrino Conversion and Neutrino Magnetic Moments