Precision timing of PSR J0437-4715: an accurate pulsar distance, a high pulsar mass and a limit on the variation of Newton's gravitational constant

Abstract

Analysis of ten years of high-precision timing data on the millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 has resulted in a model-independent kinematic distance based on an apparent orbital period derivative, Pbdot, determined at the 1.5% level of precision (Dk = 157.0 +/- 2.4 pc), making it one of the most accurate stellar distance estimates published to date. The discrepancy between this measurement and a previously published parallax distance estimate is attributed to errors in the DE200 Solar System ephemerides. The precise measurement of Pbdot allows a limit on the variation of Newton's gravitational constant, |Gdot/G| < 23 x 10^{-12} 1/yr. We also constrain any anomalous acceleration along the line of sight to the pulsar to |a(Sun)/c| < 1.5 x 10^{-18} 1/s at 95% confidence, and derive a pulsar mass, m(psr) = 1.76 +/- 0.20 M, one of the highest estimates so far obtained.

19 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

References in corpus (7)

• Neutron Star Observations: Prognosis for Equation of State Constraints
• TEMPO2, a new pulsar timing package. I: Overview
• PSRCHIVE and PSRFITS An Open Approach to Radio Pulsar Data Storage and Analysis
• Tempo2, a new pulsar timing package. II: The timing model and precision estimates
• Eight New Millisecond Pulsars in NGC 6440 and NGC 6441
• VLBA determination of the distance to nearby star-forming regions II. Hubble 4 and HDE 283572 in Taurus
• Dispersion Measure Variations and their Effect on Precision Pulsar Timing

Cited by in corpus (184)

• Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star
• Masses, Radii, and Equation of State of Neutron Stars
• Equations of state for supernovae and compact stars
• Tidal deformability of neutron stars with realistic equations of state and their gravitational wave signatures in binary inspiral
• The Nuclear Equation of State and Neutron Star Masses
• Constraints on a phenomenologically parameterized neutron-star equation of state
• Equation of state and neutron star properties constrained by nuclear physics and observation
• Varying constants, Gravitation and Cosmology
• The international pulsar timing array project: using pulsars as a gravitational wave detector
• The NANOGrav Nine-year Data Set: Mass and Geometric Measurements of Binary Millisecond Pulsars
• Binary and Millisecond Pulsars
• DSPSR: Digital Signal Processing Software for Pulsar Astronomy
• The relativistic pulsar-white dwarf binary PSR J1738+0333 II. The most stringent test of scalar-tensor gravity
• The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Project
• High-precision timing of 42 millisecond pulsars with the European Pulsar Timing Array
• The International Pulsar Timing Array: First Data Release
• On the Mass Distribution and Birth Masses of Neutron Stars
• The Neutron Star Mass Distribution
• On the nature and evolution of the unique binary pulsar J1903+0327
• An analysis of the timing irregularities for 366 pulsars
• The International Pulsar Timing Array: Second data release
• Evidence for a Massive Neutron Star from a Radial-Velocity Study of the Companion to the Black Widow Pulsar PSR B1957+20
• Assessing the Role of Spin Noise in the Precision Timing of Millisecond Pulsars
• Formation of millisecond pulsars with CO white dwarf companions - II. Accretion, spin-up, true ages and comparison to MSPs with He white dwarf companions
• The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Timing stability of millisecond pulsars and prospects for gravitational-wave detection
• The Timing of Nine Globular Cluster Pulsars
• Precision Astrometry with the Very Long Baseline Array: Parallaxes and Proper Motions for 14 Pulsars
• Development of a pulsar-based timescale
• Transformation of a Star into a Planet in a Millisecond Pulsar Binary
• Constraining twin stars with GW170817
• Pulsar timing analysis in the presence of correlated noise
• Generic tests of the existence of the gravitational dipole radiation and the variation of the gravitational constant
• Searches for gravitational waves from known pulsars with S5 LIGO data
• A Comprehensive Study of Relativistic Gravity using PSR B1534+12
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Bayesian Limits on Gravitational Waves from Individual Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
• The Nearest Millisecond Pulsar Revisited with XMM-Newton: Improved Mass-Radius Constraints for PSR J0437-4715
• Realistic neutron star constraints on bosonic asymmetric dark matter
• Lunar laser ranging: the millimeter challenge
• Surface Emission from Neutron Stars and Implications for the Physics of their Interiors
• Extremely high precision VLBI astrometry of PSR J0437-4715 and implications for theories of gravity
• The Sensitivity of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array to Individual Sources of Gravitational Waves
• The European Pulsar Timing Array: current efforts and a LEAP toward the future
• Probing millisecond pulsar emission geometry using light curves from the Fermi Large Area Telescope
• Equation of State for Nucleonic and Hyperonic Neutron Stars with Mass and Radius Constraints
• Tests of Gravitational Symmetries with Pulsar Binary J1713+0747
• A Massive Neutron Star in the Globular Cluster M5
• Relativistic parameterizations of neutron matter and implications for neutron stars
• Measuring the mass of solar system planets using pulsar timing
• Observational constraints on holographic dark energy with varying gravitational constant
• Precision southern hemisphere VLBI pulsar astrometry II: Measurement of seven parallaxes
• Modified TOV in gravity's rainbow: properties of neutron stars and dynamical stability conditions
• High-Precision Timing of 5 Millisecond Pulsars: Space Velocities, Binary Evolution and Equivalence Principles
• Tests of local Lorentz invariance violation of gravity in the standard model extension with pulsars
• Atmospheres and radiating surfaces of neutron stars
• Formation of the Galactic Millisecond Pulsar Triple System PSR J0337+1715 - a Neutron Star with Two Orbiting White Dwarfs
• Internal Heating of Old Neutron Stars: Contrasting Different Mechanisms
• The Equation of State for the Nucleonic and Hyperonic Core of Neutron Stars
• Pulsar Timing for the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
• Gravitational Anomalies in the Solar System?
• A Parametrized Equation of State for Neutron Star Matter with Continuous Sound Speed
• High-fidelity radio astronomical polarimetry using a millisecond pulsar as a polarized reference source
• On the mass distribution of neutron stars
• Neutron stars with hyperon cores: stellar radii and EOS near nuclear density
• The Constancy of the Constants of Nature: Updates
• The spectrum of the recycled PSR J0437-4715 and its white dwarf companion
• High signal-to-noise ratio observations and the ultimate limits of precision pulsar timing
• A Survey for H$\alpha$ Pulsar Bow Shocks
• Populating the Galaxy with pulsars I: stellar & binary evolution
• Neutron stars structure in the context of massive gravity
• Deep XMM-Newton Spectroscopic and Timing Observations of the Isolated Radio Millisecond Pulsar PSR J0030+0451
• The NANOGrav Nine-year Data Set: Astrometric Measurements of 37 Millisecond Pulsars
• Testing f(R)-theories using the first time derivative of the orbital period of the binary pulsars
• Prospects for High-Precision Pulsar Timing
• Pulsars and Gravity
• Gravitational wave detection using pulsars: status of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array project
• Binary Pulsar Distances and Velocities from Gaia Data Release 2
• Measuring Neutron Star Radii via Pulse Profile Modeling with NICER
• The neutron star mass, distance, and inclination from precision timing of the brilliant millisecond pulsar J0437$-$4715
• Charged compact objects in the linear regime
• Pulsars as probes of gravity and fundamental physics
• A precise mass measurement of the intermediate-mass binary pulsar PSR J1802-2124
• Relativistic Mean-Field Models with Scaled Hadron Masses and Couplings: Hyperons and Maximum Neutron Star Mass
• Scattering of pulsar radio emission by the interstellar plasma
• Constraining $f(T)$ Theories with the Varying Gravitational Constant
• On detection of the stochastic gravitational-wave background using the Parkes pulsar timing array
• Gamma-ray pulsars: a gold mine
• Stellar objects in the quadratic regime
• Pulsar Wind Nebulae
• Scintillation arcs in low-frequency observations of the timing-array millisecond pulsar J0437-4715
• Pulsars as gravitational wave detectors
• Anisotropic Stars in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
• Neutron - mirror neutron mixing and neutron stars
• Colloquium: Comparison of Astrophysical and Terrestrial Frequency Standards
• Discovery of the Optical/Ultraviolet/Gamma-ray Counterpart to the Eclipsing Millisecond Pulsar J1816+4510
• Cosmology with gravitationally lensed repeating Fast Radio Bursts
• Bounds on Neutron- Mirror Neutron Mixing from Pulsar Timings and Gravitational Wave Detections
• The minimally extended Varying Speed of Light (meVSL)
• VLBI astrometry of PSR J2222-0137: a pulsar distance measured to 0.4% accuracy
• Lepton effects on the proto-neutron stars with the hadron-quark mixed phase in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
• Standard Sirens as a novel probe of dark energy
• Modeling Hybrid Stars with an SU(3) non-linear sigma model
• On the detectability of eccentric binary pulsars
• Multi-messenger approaches to binary supermassive black holes in the "continuous-wave" regime
• VLBA Astrometric Observations of the Cassini Spacecraft at Saturn
• Pulsar Timing and its Application for Navigation and Gravitational Wave Detection
• Timing, polarimetry and physics of the bright, nearby millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 - a single-pulse perspective
• Gravitational Radiation from Hydrodynamic Turbulence in a Differentially Rotating Neutron Star
• Pulsar timing array observations of gravitational wave source timing parallax
• Constraining a possible variation of G with Type Ia supernovae
• The NuSTAR view of the non-thermal emission from PSR J0437-4715
• Status Update of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Very long baseline astrometry of PSR J1012+5307 and its implications on alternative theories of gravity
• Neutron-star radii based on realistic nuclear interactions
• A Shapiro delay detection in the binary system hosting the millisecond pulsar PSR J1910-5959A
• Lutz-Kelker bias in pulsar parallax measurements
• An Empirical Explanation of the Anomalous Increases in the Astronomical Unit and the Lunar Eccentricity
• Rotochemical heating of millisecond and classical pulsars with anisotropic and density-dependent superfluid gap models
• Rotation-induced deep crustal heating of millisecond pulsars
• On the non-detection of gamma-rays from energetic millisecond pulsars -- dependence on viewing geometry
• Improving the precision of pulsar timing through polarization statistics
• Bayesian inference for pulsar timing models
• 17 and 24 GHz observations of southern pulsars
• Neutron stars: from the inner crust to the core with the (Extended) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model
• A search for the variation of speed of light using galaxy cluster gas mass fraction measurements
• The Benefits of VLBI Astrometry to Pulsar Timing Array Searches for Gravitational Radiation
• The Nature of Millisecond Pulsars with Helium White Dwarf Companions
• The low-frequency characteristics of PSR J0437-4715 observed with the Murchison Widefield Array
• Hadron matter in neutron stars in view of gravitational wave observations
• Pulsar Timing Techniques
• Effect of transitions in the Planck mass during inflation on primordial power spectra
• Stable configurations of hybrid stars with colour-flavour-locked core
• PulsarX: a new pulsar searching package -I. A high performance folding program for pulsar surveys
• Prospects for Neutron Star Equation of State Constraints using "Recycled" Millisecond Pulsars
• The double degenerate system NLTT 11748
• Status Report on Global Pulsar-Timing-Array Efforts to Detect Gravitational Waves
• Search for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars in the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run
• Testing a varying-$\Lambda$ model for dark energy within Co-varying Physical Couplings framework
• Strong field effects on pulsar arrival times: circular orbits and equatorial beams
• Dynamics of extended bodies with spin-induced quadrupole in Kerr spacetime: generic orbits
• Kaniadakis entropy in extreme gravitational and cosmological environments: a review on the state-of-the-art and future prospects
• Linearized physics and gravitational-waves polarizations in the Palatini formalism of GBD theory
• Can a variable gravitational constant resolve the Faint Young Sun Paradox ?
• Testing space-time geometries and theories of gravity at the Galactic Center with pulsar's time delay
• The propagation delay in the timing of a pulsar orbiting a supermassive black hole
• A dynamical approach in exploring the unknown mass in the Solar system using pulsar timing arrays
• Mass measurements and 3D orbital geometry of PSR J1933$-$6211
• A Pulsar-Based Map of Galactic Acceleration
• Orbital spin dynamics of a millisecond pulsar around a massive black hole with an general mass quadrupole
• A long-period pre-ELM system discovered from LAMOST medium-resolution survey
• Linearized modified gravity theories and gravitational waves physics in the GBD theory
• Neutron star mass in dark matter clumps
• Observational constraints on varying fundamental constants in a minimal CPC model
• Improving Binary Millisecond Pulsar Distances with Gaia
• Gravitational Microlensing by Neutron Stars and Radio Pulsars: Event Rates, Timescale Distributions, and Mass Measurements
• Improving Distances to Binary Millisecond Pulsars with Gaia
• Shadows of black holes at cosmological distances in the co-varying physical couplings framework
• Testing the Equivalence Principle with Strong Lensing Time Delay Variations
• Search for continuous gravitational waves from PSR J0437$-$4715 with a hidden Markov model in O3 LIGO data
• Long-period thermal oscillations in superfluid millisecond pulsars
• Dynamically Forming Extremely Low-Mass White Dwarf Binaries in Wide Orbits
• The Radius of PSR J0437-4715 from NICER Data
• Scale-invariant dynamics in the Solar System
• The masses of neutron stars
• Cosmic constraint on the unified model of dark sectors with or without a cosmic string fluid in the varying gravitational constant theory
• Constraints on the minimally extended varying speed of light model using the Pantheon+ dataset
• Pulsar Timing Residuals Induced by Gravitational Waves from Single Non-evolving Supermassive Black Hole Binaries with Elliptical Orbits
• Effects of Compton scattering on the neutron star radius constraints in rotation-powered millisecond pulsars
• The implications of a companion enhanced wind on millisecond pulsar production
• Variable $G$ Correction for Dark Energy Model in Higher Dimensional Cosmology
• The impact of a stochastic gravitational-wave background on pulsar timing parameters
• Systematics of planetary ephemeris reference frames inferred from pulsar timing astrometry
• Improving pulsar timing precision through superior Time-of-Arrival creation
• Precision Timing of PSR J0437-4715 with the IAR Observatory and Implications for Low-Frequency Gravitational Wave Source Sensitivity
• Probing populations of dark stellar remnants in the globular clusters 47 Tuc and Terzan 5 using pulsar timing
• Revealing two radio active galactic nuclei extremely near PSR J0437$-$4715
• Constraining light fermionic dark matter with binary pulsars
• Pulsar Timing Constraints on Cumulative and Individual Mass of Stars in the Galactic Center
• Dineutron decay into sterile anti-neutrinos in neutron stars and its observable consequences
• An attempt to study axion-photon coupling using compact binary systems with high Shapiro time delay
• On Pulsar-Driven Mass Ejection in Low-Mass X-ray Binaries
• A New Approach to Flatness, Horizon and Late-time Accelerating Expansion Problems on the basis of Mach Principle
• Pulsar timing residuals due to individual non-evolving gravitational wave sources
• Search for the gravitational wave memory effect with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array