On the nature and evolution of the unique binary pulsar J1903+0327

Abstract

(abridged) PSR J1903+0327, a millisecond pulsar in an eccentric (e = 0.44) 95-day orbit with a (~ 1Msun) companion poses a challenge to our understanding of stellar evolution in binary and multiple-star systems. Here we describe optical and radio observations which rule out most of the scenarios proposed to explain formation of this system. Radio timing measurements of three post-Keplerian effects yield the most precise measurement of the mass of a millisecond pulsar to date: 1.667 +/- 0.021 solar masses (99.7% confidence limit) (...). Optical spectroscopy of a proposed main sequence counterpart show that its orbital motion mirrors the pulsar's 95-day orbit; being therefore its binary companion (...) The optical detection also provides a measurement of the systemic radial velocity of the binary; this and the proper motion measured from pulsar timing allow the determination of the systemic 3-D velocity in the Galaxy. We find that the system is always within 270 pc of the plane of the Galaxy, but always more than 3 kpc away from the Galactic centre. Thus an exchange interaction in a dense stellar environment (like a globular cluster or the Galactic centre) is not likely to be the origin of this system. We suggest that after the supernova that formed it, the neutron star was in a tight orbit with a main-sequence star, the present companion was a tertiary farther out. The neutron star then accreted matter from its evolving inner MS companion, forming a millisecond pulsar. The former donor star then disappears, either due to a chaotic 3-body interaction with the outer star (caused by the expansion of the inner orbit that necessarily results from mass transfer), or in the case of a very compact inner system, due to ablation/accretion by the newly formed millisecond pulsar.

16 pages in emulate MNRAS format, 11 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS

References in corpus (13)

• Shapiro delay measurement of a two solar mass neutron star
• TEMPO2, a new pulsar timing package. I: Overview
• Tests of general relativity from timing the double pulsar
• A Radio Pulsar/X-ray Binary Link
• Timing Measurements of the Relativistic Binary Pulsar PSR B1913+16
• Eight New Millisecond Pulsars in NGC 6440 and NGC 6441
• An Eccentric Binary Millisecond Pulsar in the Galactic Plane
• A Massive Neutron Star in the Globular Cluster M5
• The masses of PSR J1911-5958A and its white dwarf companion
• The orthometric parameterisation of the Shapiro delay and an improved test of general relativity with binary pulsars
• The Monitor project: Rotation periods of low-mass stars in M50
• GBT Discovery of Two Binary Millisecond Pulsars in the Globular Cluster M30
• Ruling out Kozai resonance in highly eccentric galactic binary millisecond pulsar PSR J1903+0327

Cited by in corpus (173)

• A Massive Pulsar in a Compact Relativistic Binary
• Relativistic Shapiro delay measurements of an extremely massive millisecond pulsar
• Masses, Radii, and Equation of State of Neutron Stars
• The Nuclear Equation of State and Neutron Star Masses
• The Eccentric Kozai-Lidov Effect and Its Applications
• The NANOGrav Nine-year Data Set: Mass and Geometric Measurements of Binary Millisecond Pulsars
• The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: High-precision timing of 45 Millisecond Pulsars
• High-precision timing of 42 millisecond pulsars with the European Pulsar Timing Array
• On the Mass Distribution and Birth Masses of Neutron Stars
• A millisecond pulsar in a stellar triple system
• Strange star equation of state fits the refined mass measurement of 12 pulsars and predicts their radii
• Accelerating Compact Object Mergers in Triple Systems with the Kozai Resonance: A Mechanism for "Prompt" Type Ia Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursts, and Other Exotica
• The International Pulsar Timing Array: Second data release
• Hyperons and massive neutron stars: the role of hyperon potentials
• Quark Matter In Massive Compact Stars
• Pulsar J0453+1559: A Double Neutron Star System with a Large Mass Asymmetry
• Formation of millisecond pulsars with CO white dwarf companions - II. Accretion, spin-up, true ages and comparison to MSPs with He white dwarf companions
• Maximum mass of neutron stars and strange neutron-star cores
• Hyperons in neutron-star cores and two-solar-mass pulsar
• The Timing of Nine Globular Cluster Pulsars
• Prospects for Probing the Spacetime of Sgr A* with Pulsars
• Study on anisotropic strange stars in $f(R,T)$ gravity: An embedding approach under simplest linear functional of matter-geometry coupling
• Anisotropic Compact stars in the Buchdahl model: A comprehensive study
• Exploring physical features of anisotropic strange stars beyond standard maximum mass limit in $f\left(R,\mathcal{T}\right)$ gravity
• Implications of the measurement of pulsars with two solar masses for quark matter in compact stars and HIC. A NJL model case study
• Discovery of the Optical Counterparts to Four Energetic Fermi Millisecond Pulsars
• The relativistic pulsar-white dwarf binary PSR J1738+0333 I. Mass determination and evolutionary history
• Prospects for High-Precision Pulsar Timing with the New Effelsberg PSRIX Backend
• Charged anisotropic models for quark stars
• The triple evolution dynamical instability: Stellar collisions in the field and the formation of exotic binaries
• Ultra-Light Dark Matter Resonates with Binary Pulsars
• The Northern High Time Resolution Universe Pulsar Survey I: Setup and initial discoveries
• High-Precision Timing of 5 Millisecond Pulsars: Space Velocities, Binary Evolution and Equivalence Principles
• Formation of the Galactic Millisecond Pulsar Triple System PSR J0337+1715 - a Neutron Star with Two Orbiting White Dwarfs
• Gravitationally decoupled strange star model beyond standard maximum mass limit in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
• Physical Characteristics and Maximum Allowable Mass of Hybrid Star in the Context of $f(Q)$ Gravity
• Compact stars with quadratic equation of state
• A new deterministic model of strange stars
• An unusual white dwarf star may be a surviving remnant of a subluminous Type Ia supernova
• A pulsar in a binary with a compact object in the mass gap between neutron stars and black holes
• Goals, Strategies and First Discoveries of AO327, the Arecibo All-Sky 327 MHz Drift Pulsar Survey
• Quark star model with charged anisotropic matter
• Exploring physical properties of minimally deformed strange star model and constraints on maximum mass limit in $f(\mathcal{Q})$ gravity
• Modified Finch and Skea stellar model compatible with observational data
• A new class of relativistic model of compact stars of embedding class I
• A Hard Look at the Neutron Stars and Accretion Disks in 4U 1636-53, GX 17+2, and 4U 1705-44 with $\text{NuSTAR}$
• Constraining values of bag constant for strange star candidates
• Stellar triples on the edge; Comprehensive overview of the evolution of destabilised triples leading to stellar and binary exotica
• Direct formation of millisecond pulsars from rotationally delayed accretion-induced collapse of massive white dwarfs
• Anisotropic Strange Star Model Beyond Standard Maximum Mass Limit by Gravitational Decoupling in $f(Q)$ Gravity
• The NANOGrav Nine-year Data Set: Astrometric Measurements of 37 Millisecond Pulsars
• PSR J1723-2837: An Eclipsing Binary Radio Millisecond Pulsar
• On the Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars
• Quark Stars in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with an Interacting Quark Equation of State
• Pulsars and Gravity
• Bridging the $\mu$Hz gap in the gravitational-wave landscape with binary resonance
• Upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope timing of NGC 1851A: a possible millisecond pulsar-neutron star system
• Hyperonic stars and the symmetry energy
• Charged compact objects in the linear regime
• Pulsars as probes of gravity and fundamental physics
• Tests of the universality of free fall for strongly self-gravitating bodies with radio pulsars
• PSR J1024-0719: A Millisecond Pulsar in an Unusual Long-Period Orbit
• Dark Energy Stars in Tolman-Kuchowicz spacetime in the context of Einstein Gravity
• A Massive Millisecond Pulsar in an Eccentric Binary
• Six millisecond pulsars detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope and the radio/gamma-ray connection of millisecond pulsars
• A millisecond pulsar in an extremely wide binary system
• X-ray and optical observations of the unique binary system HD49798/RXJ0648.0-4418
• Stellar objects in the quadratic regime
• Properties and Evolution of the Redback Millisecond Pulsar Binary PSR J2129-0429
• EoS for massive neutron stars
• Rotating neutron stars with exotic cores: masses, radii, stability
• Imprint of the symmetry energy on the inner crust and strangeness content of neutron stars
• Secular effects of Ultralight Dark Matter on Binary Pulsars
• The MPIfR-MeerKAT Galactic Plane survey I -- System setup and early results
• On the formation of eccentric millisecond pulsars with helium white-dwarf companions
• PSR J2234+0611: A new laboratory for stellar evolution
• The High Time Resolution Universe Survey II: Discovery of 5 Millisecond Pulsars
• The High Time Resolution Universe Pulsar Survey IV: Discovery and polarimetry of millisecond pulsars
• Hypernuclear stars from relativistic Hartree-Fock density functional theory
• Asymmetric supernova in hierarchical multiple star systems and application to J1903+0327
• Discovery of the millisecond pulsar PSR J2043+1711 in a Fermi source with the Nancay Radio Telescope
• Anisotropic Stars in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
• Massive Neutron Stars with Antikaon Condensates in a Density Dependent Hadron Field Theory
• Timing of five millisecond pulsars discovered in the PALFA survey
• PSR J1012+5307: a millisecond pulsar with an extremely low-mass white dwarf companion
• Viable and Stable Compact Stellar Structures in $f(\mathcal{Q},\mathcal{T})$ Theory
• A Massive-born Neutron Star with a Massive White Dwarf Companion
• Quark deconfinement transition in neutron stars with the field correlator method
• A New Model for Strange Stars
• Low-energy Scattering and Effective Interactions of Two Baryons at $m_{\pi }\sim 450$ MeV from Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics
• Anisotropic Quark Stars with an Interacting Quark Equation of State
• On the detectability of eccentric binary pulsars
• Compact stars with linear equation of state in isotropic coordinates
• An analytical anisotropic compact stellar model of embedding class I
• Relativistic charged spheres: Compact stars, compactness and stable configurations
• Constraining the Preferred-Frame ${\alpha }_1$, ${\alpha }_2$ parameters from Solar System planetary precessions
• Quark stars with 2.6 $M_{\odot }$ in a non-minimal geometry-matter coupling theory of gravity
• Pulsar Timing and its Application for Navigation and Gravitational Wave Detection
• An eccentric binary millisecond pulsar with a helium white dwarf companion in the Galactic Field
• Einstein@Home Discovery of a PALFA Millisecond Pulsar in an Eccentric Binary Orbit
• Return of the TEDI: revisiting the Triple Evolution Dynamical Instability channel in triple stars
• Two Millisecond Pulsars Discovered by the PALFA Survey and a Shapiro Delay Measurement
• Very long baseline astrometry of PSR J1012+5307 and its implications on alternative theories of gravity
• A formation scenario for the triple pulsar PSR J0337+1715: breaking a binary system inside a common envelope
• A statistical view on stable and unstable Roche lobe overflow of a tertiary star onto the inner binary in triple systems
• Eight Millisecond Pulsars Discovered in the Arecibo PALFA Survey
• Vector Fuzzy Dark Matter, Fifth Forces, and Binary Pulsars
• An Observationally-Derived Kick Distribution for Neutron Stars in Binary Systems
• Study of Compact Stars in $\mathcal{R}+\alpha \mathcal{A}$ Gravity
• Strange stars in $f(\mathcal{R})$ gravity Palatini formalism and gravitational wave echoes from them
• Properties of the redback millisecond pulsar binary 3FGL J0212.1+5320
• Mass measurements for two binary pulsars discovered in the PALFA survey
• Momentum dependent mean-field dynamics of compressed nuclear matter and neutron stars
• On the non-detection of gamma-rays from energetic millisecond pulsars -- dependence on viewing geometry
• A link between measured neutron star masses and lattice QCD data
• The FAST Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot survey: VIII. 116 binary pulsars
• Hyperon star in a modified quark meson coupling model
• The impact of surface temperature inhomogeneities on quiescent neutron star radius measurements
• The eccentric millisecond pulsar, PSR J0955$-$6150 I: Pulse profile analysis, mass measurements and constraints on binary evolution
• Millisecond radio pulsars with known masses: parameter values and equation of state models
• Toward relativistic mean-field description of $\bar{\text{N}}$-nucleus reactions
• Nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernova explosions triggered by a quark-hadron phase transition
• Study of 72 pulsars discovered in the PALFA survey: Timing analysis, glitch activity, emission variability, and a pulsar in an eccentric binary
• Analytical model of dark energy stars
• Formation of black widows through ultra-compact X-ray binaries with He star companions
• The Stability of Anisotropic Compact Stars Influenced by Dark Matter under Teleparallel Gravity: An Extended Gravitational Deformation Approach
• High precision pulsar timing and spin frequency second derivatives
• Four Highly Dispersed Millisecond Pulsars Discovered in the Arecibo PALFA Galactic Plane Survey
• Test of hybrid metric-Palatini f(R)-gravity in binary pulsars
• The Pulsar Population in Globular Clusters and in the Galaxy
• A precise mass measurement of PSR J2045+3633
• Binary Pulsars as probes for Spin-2 Ultralight Dark Matter
• Study of Viable Compact Stellar Structures in Non-Riemannian Geometry
• Assessing the complexity of orbital parameters after asymmetric kick in binary pulsars
• PSR J1618-3921: a recycled pulsar in an eccentric orbit
• Fluid sphere: stability problem and dimensional constraint
• PSR J1903+0327 : A Unique Milli-Second Pulsar with a Main-Sequence Companion Star
• Accretion-induced collapse to third family compact stars as trigger for eccentric orbits of millisecond pulsars in binaries
• Anisotropic relativistic fluid spheres with a linear equation of state
• Mass measurements and 3D orbital geometry of PSR J1933$-$6211
• Implications of the measured parameters of PSR J1903+0327 for its progenitor neutron star
• The FAST Globular Cluster Pulsar Survey (GC FANS)
• Correlated timing noise and high precision pulsar timing: Measuring frequency second derivatives as an example
• Progenitor neutron stars of the lightest and heaviest millisecond pulsars
• Role of Curvature-Matter Coupling on Anisotropic Strange Stars
• Asymmetrical mass ejection from proto-white dwarfs and the formation of eccentric millisecond pulsar binaries
• Formation of twin compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries: Implications on eccentric and isolated millisecond pulsar populations
• The structure of cold neutron star with a quark core within the MIT and NJL models
• MAXI J1957+032: an accreting neutron star possibly in a triple system
• Gemini optical observations of binary millisecond-pulsars
• Hybrid star within $f(\mathcal{G})$ gravity
• The masses of neutron stars
• Fluid pulsation modes from strange stars in a higher-dimensional space-time
• Impact of Non-metricity and Matter Source on the Geometry of Anisotropic Spheres
• Exploring the viability of charged Spheres admitting non-metricity and matter source
• The NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set: Probing Interstellar Turbulence and Precision Pulsar Timing with PSR J1903+0327
• The PALFA Survey: Going to great depths to find radio pulsars
• NGC 1851A: Revealing an ongoing three-body encounter in a dense globular cluster
• A Strange Star Scenario for the Formation of Eccentric Millisecond Pulsar PSR J1946+3417
• Fastest spinning millisecond pulsars: indicators for quark matter in neutron stars?
• Constraining light fermionic dark matter with binary pulsars
• On Isolated Millisecond Pulsars Formed by the Coalescence of Neutron Stars and Massive White Dwarfs
• Impact of Asymmetrical Mass Ejection from Proto-White Dwarfs on the Properties of Binary Millisecond Pulsars
• Non-singular T-K axion stars with/without the dynamical bosonic field in the presence of negative $\Lambda$ term
• Rapidly Spinning Massive Pulsars as an Indicator of Quark Deconfinement
• Triple trouble with PSR J1618-3921: Mass measurements and orbital dynamics of an eccentric millisecond pulsar
• Optical spectral observations of three binary millisecond pulsars
• On the Formation of Eccentric Millisecond Pulsars by Accretion-induced Collapse of Massive White Dwarfs
• Explanation of the exceptionally strong timing noise of PSR J0337+1715 by a circum-ternary planet and consequences for gravity tests
• Pulsars are cool. Seriously
• Fast and Fewrious: Stochastic binary perturbations from fast compact objects
• Timing observations of three Galactic millisecond pulsars
• Pulsar-driven Jets in Supernovae, Gamma-Ray Bursts, and the Universe