The fuzzball proposal for black holes: an elementary review

Abstract

We give an elementary review of black holes in string theory. We discuss BPS holes, the microscopic computation of entropy and the `fuzzball' picture of the black hole interior suggested by microstates of the 2-charge system.

arXiv comment45 pages, 2 figures; Lecture given at the RTN workshop `The quantum structure of space-time and the geometric nature of fundamental interactions', in Crete, Greece (September 2004)

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• Stars in M theory (made up of intersecting branes)
• Decoherence of the radiation from an accelerated quantum source
• Euclidean methods and phase transitions for the strongest deformations compatible with Schwarzschild asymptotics
• Particle production and apparent decoherence due to an accelerated time-delay
• The Dual of a Tidal Force in the D1D5 CFT
• Black Remnants from T-Duality
• Before the Page time: maximum entanglements or the return of the monster?
• Black Holes and Fourfolds
• Deriving the First Law of Black Hole Thermodynamics without Entanglement
• Quantum Black Hole Seismology II: Applications to Astrophysical Black Holes
• Echoes from corpuscular black holes
• Quantum space and quantum completeness
• Quantum gravitational effects on boundary
• Time-symmetric quantization in spacetimes with event horizons
• Bubbling the NHEK
• Orientiholes
• Numerical approach to the black-to-white hole transition
• Quantum vacuum effects on the formation of black holes
• Echoes from beyond: Detecting gravitational-wave quantum imprints with LISA
• Finite Entanglement Entropy in String Theory
• Probing Near-Horizon Fluctuations with Black Hole Binary Mergers
• Kerr Black Hole Evaporation and Page Curve
• The Fredholm Approach to Charactize Gravitational Wave Echoes
• Three-Charge Black Holes and Quarter BPS States in Little String Theory
• Information Missing Puzzle, Where Is Hawking's Error?
• Lectures in Quantum Gravity
• A Fermi Model of Quantum Black Hole
• Echoes in the Kerr/CFT correspondence
• Non-Abelian Supertubes
• Extreme Kerr black hole microstates with horizon fluff
• A solution of the coincidence problem based on the recent galactic core black hole mass density increase
• On Firewalls in quantum-corrected General Relativity
• Black holes in General Relativity and beyond
• Multi-center Superstrata
• Over-extremal brane shells from string theory?
• Entanglement Entropy of Disjoint Spacetime Intervals in Causal Set Theory
• Black hole complementarity from microstate models: A study of information replication and the encoding in the black hole interior
• Causal structures and dynamics of black-hole-like solutions in string theory
• Exact Inner Metric and Microscopic State of AdS${}_3$-Schwarzschld BHs
• A Generalised Garfinkle-Vachaspati Transform
• Near horizon OTT black hole asymptotic symmetries and soft hair
• Holographic Micro Thermofield Geometries of BTZ Black Holes
• On the Entropy of Strings and Branes
• Hair on non-extremal D1-D5 bound states
• The two canonical conjugate pairs at the horizon of a D1D5 black hole
• Constraints on General Relativity Geodesics by a Covariant Geometric Uncertainty Principle
• Microstate solutions from black hole deconstruction
• Thermodynamical Interpretation of the Second Law for Cosmology
• When UV and IR Collide: Inequivalent CFTs From Different Foliations Of AdS
• Gravitational Waves, Gamma Ray Bursts, and Black Stars
• Uniqueness of Black Holes with Bubbles in Minimal Supergravity
• On the existence of supergravity duals to D1--D5 CFT states
• Electromagnetic Albedo of Quantum Black Holes
• Wheeler-DeWitt equation and the late gravitational collapse: effects of factor ordering and the tunneling scenario
• Lost Horizon? -- Modeling Black Holes in String Theory
• Can quantum gravity be both consistent and complete?
• Exotic compact object behavior in black hole analogues
• Supertubes in Matrix model and DBI action
• Black hole spectroscopy and nonlinear echoes in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory
• What we don't know about time
• Glimmers of a post-geometric perspective
• Everything You Always Wanted to Know About How Causal Set Theory Can Help with Open Questions in Cosmology, but Were Afraid to Ask
• Counting atypical black hole microstates from entanglement wedges
• Black Hole and Fuzzy Objects in BFSS Matrix Model
• Hamiltonian Neural Networks approach to fuzzball geodesics
• Emergence of the fuzzy horizon through gravitational collapse
• Semiclassical solution of black hole information paradox
• Signatures of Quantum Gravity in Gravitational Wave Memory
• More Bubbling Solutions
• Smarr's Formula in Eleven-Dimensional Supergravity
• Information recovery from evaporating black holes
• (Non-adiabatic) string creation on nice slices in Schwarzschild black holes
• Black hole microstates from branes at angle
• Quasinormal modes of anyons
• Einstein's hole argument and Schwarzschild singularities
• From Entropy to Echoes: Counting the quasi-normal modes and the quantum limit of silence
• Zooming in on the horizon when in its Meissner state
• Emergent spacetime & Quantum Entanglement in Matrix theory
• State-space geometry, non-extremal black holes and Kaluza-Klein monopoles
• Generalised Garfinkle-Vachaspati Transform With Dilaton
• Probing the horizon of black holes with gravitational waves
• How strings can explain regular black holes
• What can the information paradox tell us about the early Universe?
• Black hole microstate geometries from string amplitudes
• Overdamped quasibound states inside a Schwarzschild black hole
• From de Sitter to anti-de Sitter singularity regularization: Theory and phenomenology
• Information recovery from pure state geometries in 3D
• Black Topologies Production in Extra Dimensions
• Black hole entropy and long strings
• Gravitational-wave signatures of nonviolent nonlocality
• Horizonless, singularity-free, compact shells satisfying NEC
• Non-trivial saddles in microscopic description of black holes
• Curvature and dynamical spacetimes: can we peer into the quantum regime?
• Building flat space-time from information exchange between quantum fluctuations
• Microscopic State of BHs and an Exact One Body Method for Binary Dynamics in General Relativity
• Coarse-graining of bubbling geometries and the fuzzball conjecture
• Probing Black Hole Microstate Evolution with Networks and Random Walks
• Closed string transport coefficients and the membrane paradigm
• Are accelerated detectors sensitive to Planck scale changes?
• Unwinding of strings thrown into a fuzzball
• Evading the Trans-Planckian problem with Vaidya spacetimes
• Bubbling solutions, entropy enhancement and the fuzzball proposal
• Horizon thermodynamics in $f(R,R^{\mu \nu }{R}_{\mu \nu })$ theory
• Lower bound for angular momenta of microstate geometries in five dimensions
• Minisuperspace quantization of bubbling AdS${}_2\times$S${}^2$ geometries
• Real-Time Holography and Hybrid WKB for BTZ Wormholes
• The Hot Attractor Mechanism: Decoupling Without Deep Throats
• On the assumptions leading to the information loss paradox
• Topological Sources of Soliton Mass and Supersymmetry Breaking
• Black hole information paradox without Hawking radiation
• A Universal Behavior of Half BPS Probes in the Superstar Ensemble
• Energy conditions in static, spherically symmetric spacetimes and effective geometries
• Split Flows in Bubbled Geometries
• Duality between the massive sine-Gordon and the massive Schwinger models at finite temperature
• Modeling an internal structure of a black hole using a thermodynamic quasi-particle model
• Validity of black hole complementarity in an accelerating Schwarzschild black hole
• Investigation of black hole complementarity in AdS${}_2$ black holes
• Near-extremal Kerr-like ECO in the Kerr/CFT Correspondence in Higher Spin Perturbations
• On Supersymmetric Multipole Ratios
• Large N vector quantum mechanics and bubbling supertube solutions
• Construction of Quantum Target Space from World-Sheet States using Quantum State Tomography
• Emergence of curved momentum-spacetime and its effect on the cyclotron motion in the antiferromagnetic quantum critical metal
• Stable bound orbits in microstate geometries
• Evolutionary algorithms for multi-center solutions
• Way down in the hole... and up again
• Lecture notes on strings in AdS${}_3$ from the worldsheet and the AdS${}_3$/CFT${}_2$ duality
• 1PN effective binary Lagrangian for the gravity-Kalb-Ramond sector in the conservative regime
• Waveform stability of black hole ringdown with stochastic horizon structure
• A T-Fold Black Hole in Doubled Type IIB
• Path Integrated Geodesics and Distances
• Effective models of non-singular quantum black holes
• Constraints on horizonless objects after the EHT observation of Sagittarius A*
• On the Stability of (M theory) Stars against Collapse : Role of Anisotropic Pressures
• On the nature of the black hole information problem
• Implication of U-duality for black branes in M/string theory
• Black Holes and Baryon Number Violation: Unveiling the Origins of Early Galaxies and the Low-Mass Gap
• Hairy strings
• Black Hole Cannibalism
• Effective information loss outside the horizon
• Black Ring Deconstruction
• Hawking radiation of anyons
• Non-local Geometry inside Lifshitz Horizon
• Building spacetime from effective interactions between quantum fluctuations
• Gravitational wave memory in wormhole spacetimes
• A Defect in AdS3/CFT2 Duality
• Implications of the quantum nature of the black hole horizon on the gravitational-wave ringdown
• Light ring images of double photon spheres in black hole and wormhole space-times
• UV Effects and Short-Lived Hawking Radiation: Alternative Resolution of Information Paradox
• Black Holes and Rings of minimal 5-dim. Supergravity
• Tests for the existence of horizon through gravitational waves from a small binary in the vicinity of a massive object
• Non-Cauchy surface foliations and their expected connection to quantum gravity theories
• The instability of a black hole with $f(R)$ global monopole under extended uncertainty principle
• Predictions on observing hot holographic quark star with gravitational waves
• Behavior of tachyon in string cosmology based on gauged WZW model
• Bubbling saddles of the gravitational index
• Thermodynamic Split Conjecture and an Observational Test for Cosmological Entropy
• Model-agnostic search of gravitational wave echoes in LVK data