Before the Page time: maximum entanglements or the return of the monster?
arXiv:2002.03543 · doi:10.3390/sym14081649
Abstract
The conservation of information of evaporating black holes is a very natural consequence of unitarity which is the fundamental symmetry of quantum mechanics. In order to study the conservation of information, we need to understand the nature of the entanglement entropy. The entropy of Hawking radiation is approximately equal to the maximum of entanglement entropy if a black hole is in a state before the Page time, i.e., when the entropy of Hawking radiation is smaller than the entropy of the black hole. However, if there exists a process generating smaller entanglements rather than maximal entanglements, the entropy of Hawking radiation will become smaller than the maximum of the entanglement entropy before the Page time. If this process accumulates, even though the probability is small, the emitted radiation can eventually be distinguished from the exactly thermal state. In this paper, we provide several interpretations of this phenomenon: (1) information of the collapsed matter is emitted before the Page time, (2) there exists a firewall or a non-local effect before the Page time, or (3) the statistical entropy is greater than the areal entropy; a monster is formed. Our conclusion will help resolve the information loss paradox by providing groundwork for further research.
arXiv comment20 pages, 8 figures
References in corpus (49)
- Average Entropy of a Subsystem
- Black Holes: Complementarity or Firewalls?
- Black holes as mirrors: quantum information in random subsystems
- Cool horizons for entangled black holes
- Information in Black Hole Radiation
- The Stretched Horizon and Black Hole Complementarity
- Replica Wormholes and the Entropy of Hawking Radiation
- The fuzzball proposal for black holes: an elementary review
- Quantum Extremal Surfaces: Holographic Entanglement Entropy beyond the Classical Regime
- The Page curve of Hawking radiation from semiclassical geometry
- Echoes from the Abyss: Tentative evidence for Planck-scale structure at black hole horizons
- An Apologia for Firewalls
- Time Dependence of Hawking Radiation Entropy
- Black Hole Remnants and the Information Loss Paradox
- Gedanken Experiments involving Black Holes
- On Evolution Laws Taking Pure States to Mixed States in Quantum Field Theory
- Observations of Hawking radiation: the Page curve and baby universes
- Nonviolent nonlocality
- The causal structure of dynamical charged black holes
- Is the firewall consistent?: Gedanken experiments on black hole complementarity and firewall proposal
- Typical entanglement entropy in the presence of a center: Page curve and its variance
- Excluding Black Hole Firewalls with Extreme Cosmic Censorship
- Why Aren't Black Holes Infinitely Produced?
- Constructing a counterexample to the black hole complementarity
- Naked Black Hole Firewalls
- Semi-classical black holes with large N re-scaling and information loss problem
- Black hole complementarity and firewall in two dimensions
- Thin-shell bubbles and information loss problem in anti de Sitter background
- Generalized Uncertainty Principle: Implications for Black Hole Complementarity
- Annihilation-to-nothing: a quantum gravitational boundary condition for the Schwarzschild black hole
- Generation of a bubble universe using a negative energy bath
- Thermal activation of thin-shells in anti-de Sitter black hole spacetime
- Entropy/information flux in Hawking radiation
- Entropy budget for Hawking evaporation
- Dynamics of magnetic shells and information loss problem
- Hawking radiation as instantons
- Status report: black hole complementarity controversy
- Dynamics of false vacuum bubbles in Brans-Dicke theory
- Black hole complementarity with local horizons and Horowitz-Maldacena's proposal
- Stationary bubbles and their tunneling channels toward trivial geometry
- How can we erase states inside a black hole?
- Nucleation of vacuum bubbles in Brans-Dicke type theory
- Page curves for tripartite systems
- Reviews and perspectives on black hole complementarity
- Resolving information loss paradox with Euclidean path integral
- Black Hole Information Loss: Some Food for Thoughts
- Can the Horowitz-Maldacena proposal be an alternative to the firewall?
- Demonstration of the Hayden-Preskill protocol via mutual information
- On the assumptions leading to the information loss paradox