Shredded Galaxies as the Source of Diffuse Intrahalo Light On Varying Scales

Abstract

We make predictions for diffuse stellar mass fractions in dark matter halos from the scales of small spiral galaxies to those of large galaxy clusters. We use an extensively-tested analytic model for subhalo infall and evolution and empirical constraints from galaxy survey data to set the stellar mass in each accreted subhalo to model diffuse light. We add stellar mass to the diffuse light as subhalos become disrupted due to interactions within their host halos. We predict that the stellar mass fraction in diffuse, intrahalo light should rise on average from ~0.5% to approximately 20% from small galaxy halos to poor groups. The trend with mass flattens considerably beyond the group scale, increasing weakly from a fraction of ~20% in poor galaxy clusters (~10^14 M_sun) to roughly ~30% in massive clusters (~10^15 M_sun). The mass-dependent diffuse light fraction is governed primarily by the empirical fact that the mass-to-light ratio in galaxy halos must vary as a function of halo mass. Galaxy halos have little diffuse light because they accrete most of their mass in small subhalos that themselves have high mass-to-light ratios; stellar halos around galaxies are built primarily from disrupted dwarf-irregular-type galaxies with M*~10^8.5 M_sun. The diffuse light in group and cluster halos is built from satellite galaxies that form stars efficiently and have correspondingly low mass-to-light ratios; intracluster light is dominated by material liberated from massive galaxies with M*~10^11 M_sun. Our results are consistent with existing observations spanning the galaxy, group, and cluster scale; however, they can be tested more rigorously in future deep surveys for faint diffuse light.

version accepted for publication in ApJ; details clarified and robustness discussion expanded, with results and conclusions unchanged; 15 pages, 10 figures

References in corpus (9)

• The Importance of Mergers for the Origin of Intracluster Stars in Cosmological Simulations of Galaxy Clusters
• The Metal-Poor Halo of the Andromeda Spiral Galaxy (M31)
• Intracluster light and the extended stellar envelopes of cD galaxies: An analytical description
• A kinematically selected, metal-poor stellar halo in the outskirts of M31
• On the formation of dwarf galaxies and stellar halos
• Diffuse stellar component in galaxy clusters and the evolution of the most massive galaxies at z<~1
• The stellar halo and outer disk of M33
• IAU Symposium 241 - Stellar Populations as Building Blocks of Galaxies
• Merging of Elliptical Galaxies as Possible Origin of the Intergalactic Stellar Population

Cited by in corpus (192)

• The Average Star Formation Histories of Galaxies in Dark Matter Halos from z=0-8
• A Semi-Analytic Model for the Co-evolution of Galaxies, Black Holes, and Active Galactic Nuclei
• The Connection between Galaxies and their Dark Matter Halos
• Accurate masses for dispersion-supported galaxies
• Connecting Galaxies, Halos, and Star Formation Rates Across Cosmic Time
• A Census of Baryons in Galaxy Clusters and Groups
• Evolution of the Galaxy - Dark Matter Connection and the Assembly of Galaxies in Dark Matter Halos
• Cold Dark Matter Substructure and Galactic Disks I: Morphological Signatures of Hierarchical Satellite Accretion
• Galaxy Cluster Baryon Fractions Revisited
• Stellar mass -- halo mass relation and star formation efficiency in high-mass halos
• Merger Histories of Galaxy Halos and Implications for Disk Survival
• The Galaxy Content of SDSS Clusters and Groups
• The Hierarchical Build-Up of Massive Galaxies and the Intracluster Light since z=1
• The extended halo of Centaurus A: uncovering satellites, streams, and substructures
• Galactic accretion and the outer structure of galaxies in the CDM model
• The Luminosity Profile and Structural Parameters of the Andromeda Galaxy
• The Burrell Schmidt Deep Virgo Survey: Tidal Debris, Galaxy Halos, and Diffuse Intracluster Light in the Virgo Cluster
• On the formation and physical properties of the Intra-Cluster Light in hierarchical galaxy formation models
• Beyond 31 mag/arcsec^2: the low surface brightness frontier with the largest optical telescopes
• Intracluster stars in simulations with AGN feedback
• Introducing Decorated HODs: modeling assembly bias in the galaxy-halo connection
• Halo Mass and Assembly History Exposed in the Faint Outskirts: the Stellar and Dark Matter Haloes of Illustris Galaxies
• Radial mixing in the outer Milky Way disk caused by an orbiting satellite
• The Assembly of Galaxy Clusters
• Galactic Dark Matter Halos and Globular Cluster Populations. III: Extension to Extreme Environments
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. VIII. The Spatial Distribution of Globular Clusters in the Virgo Cluster
• Cold Dark Matter Substructure and Galactic Disks II: Dynamical Effects of Hierarchical Satellite Accretion
• Dissipation and Extra Light in Galactic Nuclei: III. 'Core' Ellipticals and 'Missing' Light
• What determines satellite galaxy disruption?
• Galaxy Mergers and Dark Matter Halo Mergers in LCDM: Mass, Redshift, and Mass-Ratio Dependence
• The HST/ACS Coma Cluster Survey IV. Intergalactic Globular Clusters and the Massive Globular Cluster System at the Core of the Coma Galaxy Cluster
• Evolution of the Stellar-to-Dark Matter Relation: Separating Star-Forming and Passive Galaxies from z=1 to 0
• The Dragonfly Nearby Galaxies Survey. I. Substantial variation in the diffuse stellar halos around spiral galaxies
• Downsizing by Shutdown in Red Galaxies
• Diverse Stellar Haloes in Nearby Milky Way-Mass Disc Galaxies
• The Quantity of Intracluster Light: Comparing Theoretical and Observational Measurement Techniques Using Simulated Clusters
• Intracluster Light at the Frontier II: The Frontier Fields Clusters
• Parametrizing the Stellar Haloes of Galaxies
• On the Origin of Near-Infrared Extragalactic Background Light Anisotropy
• Co-evolution of BCGs and ICL using CLASH
• Gas-Rich Mergers in LCDM: Disk Survivability and the Baryonic Assembly of Galaxies
• Tidal Streams of Intracluster Light
• Can Gas prevent the Destruction of Thin Stellar Discs by Minor Mergers?
• Characterizing Diffused Stellar Light in simulated galaxy clusters
• Feedback and the Formation of Dwarf Galaxy Stellar Halos
• FIREbox: Simulating galaxies at high dynamic range in a cosmological volume
• The Eating Habits of Milky Way Mass Halos: Destroyed Dwarf Satellites and the Metallicity Distribution of Accreted Stars
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: Detection of Intra-cluster Light at Redshift $\sim$ 0.25
• The outer halo globular cluster system of M31 - II. Kinematics
• Intra-Cluster Light at the Frontier: Abell 2744
• The Dark Disk of the Milky Way
• Optical Colors of Intracluster Light in the Virgo Cluster Core
• Assessing Colour-dependent Occupation Statistics Inferred from Galaxy Group Catalogues
• The subhalo - satellite connection and the fate of disrupted satellite galaxies
• The masses and metallicities of stellar haloes reflect galactic merger histories
• VEGAS: A VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey. II. Photometric study of giant ellipticals and their stellar halos
• Intra Cluster Light properties in the CLASH-VLT cluster MACS J1206.2-0847
• The Outer Stellar Halos of Galaxies: how Radial Merger Mass Deposition, Shells and Streams depend on Infall-Orbit Configurations
• The Destruction of Thin Stellar Disks Via Cosmologically Common Satellite Accretion Events
• On the Origin of Intracluster Light in Massive Galaxy Clusters
• Environmental Dependence of Galaxy Merger Rate in ΛCDM Universe
• Temperature and abundance profiles of hot gas in galaxy groups - II. Implications for feedback and ICM enrichment
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS). XIII. The Luminosity and Mass Function of Galaxies in the Core of the Virgo Cluster and the Contribution from Disrupted Satellites
• Stellar populations across the NGC4244 truncated galactic disk
• The abundance of satellites around Milky Way- and M31-like galaxies with the TNG50 simulation: a matter of diversity
• A Census of Baryons and Dark Matter in an Isolated, Milky Way-sized Elliptical Galaxy
• Galactic Archaeology with Gaia
• Stealth Galaxies in the Halo of the Milky Way
• A tale of two populations: surviving and destroyed dwarf galaxies and the build up of the Milky Way's stellar halo
• Preparing for low surface brightness science with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory: characterisation of tidal features from mock images
• Intragroup diffuse light in compact groups of galaxies II. HCG 15, 35 and 51
• An Empirical Model for the Star Formation History in Dark Matter Halos
• The buildup of the intracluster light of Abell 85 as seen by Subaru's Hyper Suprime-Cam
• From Galaxy Clusters to Ultra-Faint Dwarf Spheroidals: A Fundamental Curve Connecting Dispersion-supported Galaxies to Their Dark Matter Halos
• Galaxies grow their bulges and black holes in diverse ways
• Heated Disc Stars in the Stellar Halo
• No Assembly Required: Mergers are Mostly Irrelevant for the Growth of Low-mass Dwarf Galaxies
• Systematic search for tidal features around nearby galaxies: I. Enhanced SDSS imaging of the Local Volume
• Thermal Balance in the Intracluster Medium: Is AGN Feedback Necessary?
• The photometric properties of a vast stellar substructure in the outskirts of M33
• The Edge of the Galaxy
• Reconciling observed and simulated stellar halo masses
• The similarity of the stellar mass fractions of galaxy groups and clusters
• Predicting Galaxy Star Formation Rates via the Co-evolution of Galaxies and Halos
• Searching for diffuse light in the M96 Group
• Under the Firelight: Stellar Tracers of the Local Dark Matter Velocity Distribution in the Milky Way
• The baryon content of groups and clusters of galaxies in the FABLE simulations
• Quantifying the Faint Structure of Galaxies: The Late-type Spiral NGC 2403
• Constraints on intragroup stellar mass from hostless Type Ia supernova
• Ultraviolet Luminosity Density of the Universe During the Epoch of Reionization
• Tracing the Gas to the Virial Radius (R100) in a Fossil Group
• The Resolved Stellar Halo of NGC 253
• A Cosmic Coincidence: The Power-Law Galaxy Correlation Function
• A missing outskirts problem? Comparisons between stellar halos in the Dragonfly Nearby Galaxies Survey and the TNG100 simulation
• Old globular clusters in magellanic-type dwarf irregular galaxies
• Theoretical Predictions of Colors and Metallicity of the Intra-Cluster Light
• The Strikingly Similar Relation between Satellite and Central Galaxies and Their Dark Matter Halos Since z=2
• Dark Matter Halo Models of Stellar Mass-Dependent Galaxy Clustering in PRIMUS+DEEP2 at 0.2<z<1.2
• GRUMPY: a simple framework for realistic forward-modelling of dwarf galaxies
• VEGAS: A VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey. III. Mapping the galaxy structure, interactions and intragroup light in the NGC 5018 group
• A tale of two populations: the stellar mass of central and satellite galaxies
• Clocking the formation of today's largest galaxies: Wide field integral spectroscopy of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and their surroundings
• Satellite Luminosities in Galaxy Groups
• Disentangling the ICL with the CHEFs: Abell 2744 as a case study
• The cosmic assembly of stellar haloes in massive Early-Type Galaxies
• Hierarchical Galaxy Growth and Scatter in the Stellar Mass - Halo Mass Relation
• Constraining Satellite Galaxy Stellar Mass Loss and Predicting Intrahalo Light I: Framework and Results at Low Redshift
• The ELIXR Galaxy Survey. II: Baryons and Dark Matter in an Isolated Elliptical Galaxy
• On stellar mass loss from galaxies in groups and clusters
• The effect of dwarf galaxies disruption in semi-analytic models
• Intracluster light is already abundant at redshift beyond unity
• Point spread function tails and the measurements of diffuse stellar halo light around edge-on disc galaxies
• Constraining the last 7 billion years of galaxy evolution in semi-analytic models
• Physical Correlations of the Scatter between Galaxy Mass, Stellar Content, and Halo Mass
• Stellar splashback: the edge of the intracluster light
• Does the virial mass drive the intra-cluster light? The relationship between the ICL and M${}_{vir}$ from VEGAS
• The progenitors of present-day massive red galaxies up to z ~ 0.7 - finding passive galaxies using SDSS-I/II and SDSS-III
• VEGAS: A VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey.VI. The diffuse light in HCG 86 from the ultra-deep VEGAS images
• Diffuse stellar emission in X-ray luminous galaxy clusters at z~0.3 I. Is the diffuse optical light boosted and rejuvenated in merging clusters?
• VEGAS: VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey. V. IC 1459 group: Mass assembly history in low density environments
• Accreted or Not Accreted? The Fraction of Accreted Mass in Galaxies from Simulations and Observations
• Specific Frequencies and Luminosity Profiles of Cluster Galaxies and Intracluster Light in Abell 1689
• The stellar halo of isolated central galaxies in the Hyper Suprime-Cam imaging survey
• Hydrodynamical simulations and semi-analytic models of galaxy formation: two sides of the same coin
• Tracing the anemic stellar halo of M101
• The Metallicity of Diffuse Intrahalo Light
• The accreted stellar halo as a window on halo assembly in L* galaxies
• Systematic Problems With Using Dark Matter Simulations to Model Stellar Halos
• The Entire Virial Radius of the Fossil Cluster RXJ1159+5531: I. Gas Properties
• Stellar halos from The Dragonfly Edge-on Galaxies Survey
• Relating the Diverse Merger Histories and Satellite Populations of Nearby Galaxies
• Extragalactic Background Light: Inventory of light throughout the cosmic history
• The dusty, albeit ultraviolet bright infancy of galaxies
• Quantified diffuse light in compact groups of galaxies
• Radial Star Formation Histories in Fifteen Nearby Galaxies
• The Transition Region between Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intra-Cluster Light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters
• Confirmation of Hostless Type Ia Supernovae Using Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
• The Sphere of Influence of the Bright Central Galaxies in the Diffuse Light of SDSS Clusters
• Intracluster Light Properties in a Fossil Cluster at z=0.47
• On the Mass Distribution of the Intra-Cluster Light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters
• Illuminating Dark Matter Halo Density Profiles Without Subhaloes
• Kinematics of the diffuse intragroup and intracluster light in groups and clusters of galaxies in the Local Universe within 100 Mpc distance
• The stellar mass in and around isolated central galaxies: connections to the total mass distribution through galaxy-galaxy lensing in the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey
• The Connection Between Diffuse Light and Intracluster Planetary Nebulae in the Virgo Cluster
• Unearthing Foundations of a Cosmic Cathedral: Searching the Stars for M33's Halo
• The In-situ Origins of Dwarf Stellar Outskirts in FIRE-2
• Assembly of the Intracluster Light in the Horizon-AGN Simulation
• Probing Intra-Halo Light with Galaxy Stacking in CIBER Images
• Quantifying the Origin and Distribution of Intracluster Light in a Fornax-like Cluster
• Intragroup and Intracluster Light
• Constraints on the Evolution of the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function I: Role of Star Formation, Mergers and Stellar Stripping
• The halo of M105 and its group environment as traced by planetary nebula populations: II. Using kinematics of single stars to unveil the presence of intragroup light around the Leo I galaxies NGC 3384 and M105
• Radial Star Formation Histories in 32 Nearby Galaxies
• Ultra-deep Imaging: Structure of Disks and Haloes
• The red halos of SDSS low surface brightness disk galaxies
• The Extended Disk Galaxy Exploration Science Survey: Description and Surface Brightness Profile Properties
• A z=1.85 galaxy group in CEERS: evolved, dustless, massive intra-halo light and a brightest group galaxy in the making
• The Galaxy Replacement Technique (GRT): a New Approach to Study Tidal Stripping and Formation of Intracluster Light in a Cosmological Context
• Old Massive Globular Clusters and the Stellar Halo of the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy NGC 4449
• Saying Hallo to M94's Stellar Halo: Investigating the Accretion History of the Largest Pseudobulge Host in the Local Universe
• Beacons In the Dark: Using Novae and Supernovae to Detect Dwarf Galaxies in the Local Universe
• A Globular Cluster Toward M87 with a Radial Velocity < -1000 km/s: The First Hypervelocity Cluster
• Unravelling the mass spectrum of destroyed dwarf galaxies with the metallicity distribution function
• The Stellar Halo and Tidal Streams of Messier 63
• Jeans Instability in a Tidally Disrupted Halo Satellite Galaxy
• Galaxy growth from redshift 5 to 0 at fixed comoving number density
• Mock Observations: Formation and Evolution of diffuse light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters in the IllustrisTNG Simulations
• Reconciling Mass Functions with the Star-Forming Main Sequence Via Mergers
• A machine learning approach to infer the accreted stellar mass fractions of central galaxies in the TNG100 simulation
• Observing the stellar halo of Andromeda in cosmological simulations: the Auriga2PAndAS pipeline
• Detection of the Stellar Intracluster Medium in Perseus (Abell 426)
• The Entire Virial Radius of the Fossil Cluster RXJ1159+5531: II. Dark Matter and Baryon Fraction
• Euclid: Early Release Observations -- The Intracluster Light of Abell 2390
• Ultra-fine dark matter structure in the Solar neighbourhood
• Near-infrared Extragalactic Background Light Fluctuations on Nonlinear Scales
• The Isophotal Structure of Star-forming Galaxies at $0.5<z<1.8$ in CANDELS: Implications for the Evolution of Galaxy Structure
• The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. XXXIII. Stellar Population Gradients in the Virgo Cluster Core Globular Cluster System
• How the extinction of extragalactic background light affects surface photometry of galaxies, groups and clusters
• Future Prospects: Deep Imaging of Galaxy Outskirts using Telescopes Large and Small
• Revealing the Warm and Hot Halo Baryons via Thomson Scattering of Quasar Light
• Simulations of the accreted stellar halos of low-mass field galaxies
• Searching for Intragroup Light in Deep U-band Imaging of the COSMOS Field
• Accreted stars and stellar haloes of simulated galaxies in TNG50
• The Intergalactic Stellar Population from Mergers of Elliptical Galaxies with Dark Matter halos
• Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Intra-Cluster Light from Redshift 0.2 to 0.5
• The PARADIGM project II: The lifetimes and quenching of satellites in Milky Way-mass haloes
• Two faces of Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus: Mining the chemical abundance space with graph attention networks
• The Lowest Metallicity Stars in the LMC: Clues from MaGICC Simulations
• Dwarf stellar haloes: a powerful probe of small-scale galaxy formation and the nature of dark matter
• The BUFFALO HST Survey
• The origin of the intra-cluster light in The Three Hundred simulations
• Modelling the outskirts of galaxies in a cosmological context