The buildup of the intracluster light of Abell 85 as seen by Subaru's Hyper Suprime-Cam

Abstract

The study of low surface brightness light in large, deep imaging surveys is still uncharted territory as automated data reduction pipelines over-subtract or eliminate this light. Using archival data of the Abell 85 cluster of galaxies taken with Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope, we show that using careful data processing can unveil the diffuse light within the cluster, the intracluster light. We reach surface brightness limits of ${\mu }_g^{limit}$(3$\sigma$, 10"x10") = 30.9 mag/arcsec${}^2$, and ${\mu }_i^{limit}$(3$\sigma$, 10"x10") = 29.7 mag/arcsec${}^2$. We measured the radial surface brightness profiles of the brightest cluster galaxy out to the intracluster light (radius $\sim 215$ kpc), for the g and i bands. We found that both the surface brightness and the color profiles become shallower beyond $\sim 75$ kpc suggesting that a distinct component, the intracluster light, starts to dominate at that radius. The color of the profile at $\sim 100$ kpc suggests that the buildup of the intracluster light of Abell 85 occurs by the stripping of massive ($\sim 10^{10}{M}_{\odot }$) satellites. The measured fraction of this light ranges from 8% to 30% in g, depending on the definition of intracluster light chosen.

arXiv commentAccepted for publication in ApJ. Figures 6 and 8 show the main results of the paper

References in corpus (86)

• The Astropy Project: Building an inclusive, open-science project and status of the v2.0 core package
• Measuring Reddening with SDSS Stellar Spectra and Recalibrating SFD
• Detailed Structural Decomposition of Galaxy Images
• The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III
• The Optical and Near-Infrared Properties of Galaxies: I. Luminosity and Stellar Mass Functions
• First results from the IllustrisTNG simulations: the stellar mass content of groups and clusters of galaxies
• The hierarchical formation of the brightest cluster galaxies
• The epochs of early-type galaxy formation as a function of environment
• The Ninth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey
• The ages and metallicities of galaxies in the local universe
• First Data Release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• UV-extended E-MILES stellar population models: young components in massive early-type galaxies
• Second Data Release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program
• The Hyper Suprime-Cam Software Pipeline
• GEMS: Galaxy Evolution from Morphologies and SEDs
• A Census of Baryons in Galaxy Clusters and Groups
• Diffuse Light in the Virgo Cluster
• Intracluster Light in Nearby Galaxy Clusters: Relationship to the Halos of Brightest Cluster Galaxies
• Galaxy Cluster Baryon Fractions Revisited
• The influence of gas on the structure of merger remnants
• Shredded Galaxies as the Source of Diffuse Intrahalo Light On Varying Scales
• Analytical approximations of K-corrections in optical and near-infrared bands
• The Hierarchical Build-Up of Massive Galaxies and the Intracluster Light since z=1
• A universal ultraviolet-optical colour-colour-magnitude relation of galaxies
• The Burrell Schmidt Deep Virgo Survey: Tidal Debris, Galaxy Halos, and Diffuse Intracluster Light in the Virgo Cluster
• A chronicle of galaxy mass assembly in the EAGLE simulation
• Evidence for Significant Growth in the Stellar Mass of Brightest Cluster Galaxies over the Past 10 Billion Years
• The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. I. The extended and diffuse stellar halo of NGC~1399 out to 192 kpc
• On the formation and physical properties of the Intra-Cluster Light in hierarchical galaxy formation models
• Dissecting the size evolution of elliptical galaxies since z~1: puffing up vs minor merging scenarios
• Beyond 31 mag/arcsec^2: the low surface brightness frontier with the largest optical telescopes
• Early assembly of the most massive galaxies
• The Formation and Evolution of Intracluster Light
• Diffuse Optical Light in Galaxy Clusters II: Correlations with Cluster Properties
• Intracluster light and the extended stellar envelopes of cD galaxies: An analytical description
• Intracluster light: a luminous tracer for dark matter in clusters of galaxies
• Deep CCD Surface Photometry of Galaxy Clusters II: Searching for Intracluster Starlight in non-cD clusters
• The Quantity of Intracluster Light: Comparing Theoretical and Observational Measurement Techniques Using Simulated Clusters
• Intracluster Light at the Frontier II: The Frontier Fields Clusters
• The evolution of the brightest cluster galaxies since z~1 from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey (EDisCS)
• Weak lensing mass distributions for 24 X-Ray Abell Clusters
• Co-evolution of BCGs and ICL using CLASH
• Galactic cirri in deep optical imaging
• Tidal Streams of Intracluster Light
• Characterizing Diffused Stellar Light in simulated galaxy clusters
• Individual Stellar Halos of Massive Galaxies Measured to 100 kpc at $0.3<z<0.5$ using Hyper Suprime-Cam
• The Metallicity Distribution of Intracluster Stars in Virgo
• An XMM-Newton view of the cluster of galaxies Abell 85
• SPIDER VII - Revealing the Stellar Population Content of Massive Early-type Galaxies out to 8Re
• Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: Detection of Intra-cluster Light at Redshift $\sim$ 0.25
• Lost but not Forgotten: Intracluster Light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters
• Intra-Cluster Light at the Frontier: Abell 2744
• The Growth in Size and Mass of Cluster Galaxies since z=2
• A 40-billion solar mass black hole in the extreme core of Holm 15A, the central galaxy of Abell 85
• Distinct core and halo stellar populations and the formation history of the bright Coma cluster early-type galaxy NGC 4889
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: The cluster redshift survey, target selection and cluster properties
• Intra-group diffuse light in compact groups of galaxies. HCG 79, HCG 88 and HCG 95
• On the Origin of Intracluster Light in Massive Galaxy Clusters
• Characterizing Intra-cluster light in the Hubble Frontier Fields
• Structure of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intracluster Light
• The growth of the galaxy cluster Abell 85: mergers, shocks, stripping and seeding of clumping
• The faint stellar halos of massive red galaxies from stacks of more than 42000 SDSS LRG images
• Removing Internal Reflections from Deep Imaging Datasets
• The Fornax Deep Survey with VST. VIII. Connecting the accretion history with the cluster density
• The Sloan Digital Sky Survey extended point spread functions
• Unveiling the dynamical state of massive clusters through the ICL fraction
• The different growth pathways of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and the Intra-Cluster Light
• Intra-cluster patches of baryons in the core of the Fornax cluster
• Photometric dissection of Intracluster Light and its correlations with host cluster properties
• The Growth of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intracluster Light Over the Past Ten Billion Years
• The ellipticity of galaxy cluster halos from satellite galaxies and weak lensing
• Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): Testing galaxy formation models through the most massive galaxies in the Universe
• The Brightest Cluster Galaxy in Abell 85: The Largest Core Known so far
• Theoretical Predictions of Colors and Metallicity of the Intra-Cluster Light
• The evolution in the stellar mass of Brightest Cluster Galaxies over the past 10 billion years
• VEGAS: A VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey. III. Mapping the galaxy structure, interactions and intragroup light in the NGC 5018 group
• Age and metallicity gradients support hierarchical formation for M87
• Clocking the formation of today's largest galaxies: Wide field integral spectroscopy of Brightest Cluster Galaxies and their surroundings
• From Stellar Halos to Intracluster Light: the physics of the Intra-Halo Stellar Component in cosmological hydrodynamical simulations
• The kinematics of the outer halo of M87 as mapped by planetary nebulae
• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: stellar population gradients of central galaxies
• VEGAS: VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey. V. IC 1459 group: Mass assembly history in low density environments
• Galaxy evolution in Abell 85: I. Cluster substructure and environmental effects on the blue galaxy population
• The Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time and the Low Surface Brightness Universe
• The Abell 85 BCG: a nucleated, core-less galaxy
• Galaxy Evolution in the Cluster Abell 85: New Insights from the Dwarf Population

Cited by in corpus (45)

• Preparing for low surface brightness science with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory: characterisation of tidal features from mock images
• Euclid preparation: XVI. Exploring the ultra low-surface brightness Universe with Euclid/VIS
• A new era of intracluster light studies with JWST
• Discovery of a Possible Splashback Feature in the Intracluster Light of MACS J1149.5+2223
• Does the virial mass drive the intra-cluster light? The relationship between the ICL and M${}_{vir}$ from VEGAS
• VEGAS: A VST Early-type GAlaxy Survey.VI. The diffuse light in HCG 86 from the ultra-deep VEGAS images
• Euclid: Early Release Observations -- The intracluster light and intracluster globular clusters of the Perseus cluster
• Identification of tidal features in deep optical galaxy images with Convolutional Neural Networks
• Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): Extended Intra-Group Light in a group at $z=0.2$ from deep Hyper-Suprime Cam images
• The Transition Region between Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intra-Cluster Light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters
• The Sphere of Influence of the Bright Central Galaxies in the Diffuse Light of SDSS Clusters
• Intracluster Light Properties in a Fossil Cluster at z=0.47
• Kinematics of the diffuse intragroup and intracluster light in groups and clusters of galaxies in the Local Universe within 100 Mpc distance
• The Outer Stellar Mass of Massive Galaxies: A Simple Tracer of Halo Mass with Scatter Comparable to Richness and Reduced Projection Effects
• The formation of the brightest cluster galaxy and intracluster light in cosmological N-body simulations with the Galaxy Replacement Technique
• Assembly of the Intracluster Light in the Horizon-AGN Simulation
• Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intra-Cluster Light: Their Mass Distribution in the Innermost Regions of Groups and Clusters
• Strategies for optimal sky subtraction in the low surface brightness regime
• Characterising Tidal Features Around Galaxies in Cosmological Simulations
• RELICS: ICL Analysis of the $z=0.566$ merging cluster WHL J013719.8-08284
• A giant thin stellar stream in the Coma Galaxy Cluster
• Machine Learning to identify ICL and BCG in simulated galaxy clusters
• How to Interpret Measurements of Diffuse Light in Stacked Observations of Groups and Clusters of Galaxies
• Mock Observations: Formation and Evolution of diffuse light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters in the IllustrisTNG Simulations
• Intracluster light is a biased tracer of the dark matter distribution in clusters
• The structural properties of nearby dwarf galaxies in low density environments -- size, surface brightness and colour gradients
• The ASTRID Simulation at z=0: From Massive Black Holes to Large-scale Structure
• Euclid: Early Release Observations -- The Intracluster Light of Abell 2390
• Intra-Cluster Light as a Dynamical Clock for Galaxy Clusters: Insights from the MAGNETICUM, IllustrisTNG, Hydrangea and Horizon-AGN Simulations
• LIGHTS. A robust technique to identify galaxy edges
• A newly identified galaxy group thanks to tidal streams of intragroup light
• Cosmic reflections I: the structural diversity of simulated and observed low-mass galaxy analogues
• Growth of Ex-situ Diffuse Intragroup Light in Simulated Galaxy Groups
• Memoirs of mass accretion: probing the edges of intracluster light in simulated galaxy clusters
• Improving Galaxy Cluster Selection with the Outskirt Stellar Mass of Galaxies
• The Intracluster Light of Abell 3667: Unveiling an Optical Bridge in LSST Precursor Data
• Dark Energy Survey Year 6 Results: Intra-Cluster Light from Redshift 0.2 to 0.5
• On the Origin of Intracluster Light based on the High-resolution Simulation, NewCluster
• A disk and no signatures of tidal distortion in the galaxy "lacking" dark matter NGC 1052-DF2
• The intragroup light in KiDS+GAMA groups: A stacking analysis
• Isophotal signatures of the brightest cluster galaxy - intracluster light transition
• Tracing the evolution of brightest galaxies and diffuse light in galaxy groups
• The origin of the intra-cluster light in The Three Hundred simulations
• Predicting Halo Formation Time Using Machine Learning
• Bright Star Subtraction Pipeline for LSST: Phase one report