Exploring the relativistic regime with Newtonian hydrodynamics: An improved effective gravitational potential for supernova simulations

Abstract

We investigate the possibility to approximate relativistic effects in hydrodynamical simulations of stellar core collapse and post-bounce evolution by using a modified gravitational potential in an otherwise standard Newtonian hydrodynamic code. Different modifications of the effective relativistic potential introduced by Rampp & Janka (2002) are discussed. Corresponding hydrostatic solutions are compared with solutions of the TOV equations, and hydrodynamic simulations with two different codes are compared with fully relativistic results. One code is applied for one- and two-dimensional calculations with a simple equation of state, and employs either the modified effective relativistic potential in a Newtonian framework or solves the general relativistic field equations under the assumption of the conformal flatness condition (CFC) for the three-metric. The second code allows for full-scale supernova runs including a microphysical equation of state and neutrino transport based on the solution of the Boltzmann equation and its moments equations. We present prescriptions for the effective relativistic potential for self-gravitating fluids to be used in Newtonian codes, which produce excellent agreement with fully relativistic solutions in spherical symmetry, leading to significant improvements compared to previously published approximations. Moreover, they also approximate qualitatively well relativistic solutions for models with rotation.

20 pages, 13 figures; corrected minor inaccuracies and added two subsections

References in corpus (15)

• Radiation hydrodynamics with neutrinos: Variable Eddington factor method for core-collapse supernova simulations
• Three-dimensional relativistic simulations of rotating neutron-star collapse to a Kerr black hole
• Supernova Simulations with Boltzmann Neutrino Transport: A Comparison of Methods
• Relativistic simulations of rotational core collapse. II. Collapse dynamics and gravitational radiation
• A Finite Difference Representation of Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics in Spherically Symmetric General Relativistic Space-Time
• Relativistic Numerical Method for Close Neutron Star Binaries
• Three-dimensional general relativistic hydrodynamics II: long-term dynamics of single relativistic stars
• Relativistic simulations of rotational core collapse. I. Methods, initial models, and code tests
• "Mariage des Maillages": A new numerical approach for 3D relativistic core collapse simulations
• Conservative General Relativistic Radiation Hydrodynamics in Spherical Symmetry and Comoving Coordinates
• Simulating Self-gravitating Hydrodynamic Flows
• Gravitational waves from axisymmetric rotating stellar core collapse to a neutron star in full general relativity
• An Adaptive Grid, Implicit Code for Spherically Symmetric, General Relativistic Hydrodynamics in Comoving Coordinates
• Testing a Simplified Version of Einstein's Equations for Numerical Relativity
• CFC+: Improved dynamics and gravitational waveforms from relativistic core collapse simulations

Cited by in corpus (186)

• Explosion Mechanisms of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Theory of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Origin of the Heaviest Elements: the Rapid Neutron-Capture Process
• Explosions of O-Ne-Mg Cores, the Crab Supernova, and Subluminous Type II-P Supernovae
• Magnetorotationally driven Supernovae as the origin of early galaxy $r$-process elements?
• Two-dimensional hydrodynamic core-collapse supernova simulations with spectral neutrino transport. I. Numerical method and results for a 15 M_sun star
• Neutrino Signal of Electron-Capture Supernovae from Core Collapse to Cooling
• Delayed neutrino-driven supernova explosions aided by the standing accretion-shock instability
• Multidimensional Supernova Simulations with Approximative Neutrino Transport I. Neutron Star Kicks and the Anisotropy of Neutrino-Driven Explosions in Two Spatial Dimensions
• A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code of Core-Collapse Supernovae III. Gravitational Wave Signals from Supernova Explosion Models
• Three-dimensional neutrino-driven supernovae: Neutron star kicks, spins, and asymmetric ejection of nucleosynthesis products
• The Overarching Framework of Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions as Revealed by 3D Fornax Simulations
• Neutrino-driven explosion of a 20 solar-mass star in three dimensions enabled by strange-quark contributions to neutrino-nucleon scattering
• A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae II. Relativistic Explosion Models of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Nucleosynthesis-relevant conditions in neutrino-driven supernova outflows. I. Spherically symmetric hydrodynamic simulations
• SASI Activity in Three-Dimensional Neutrino-Hydrodynamics Simulations of Supernova Cores
• Production of Light Element Primary Process nuclei in neutrino-driven winds
• An Open-Source Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Neutrino-driven supernova of a low-mass iron-core progenitor boosted by three-dimensional turbulent convection
• Characterizing the Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-Collapse Supernovae
• A new multi-dimensional general relativistic neutrino hydrodynamics code for core-collapse supernovae. I. Method and code tests in spherical symmetry
• Axisymmetric Ab Initio Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations of 12-25 M_sol Stars
• The Development of Explosions in Axisymmetric Ab Initio Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations of 12-25 $M_{\odot }$ Stars
• Muon Creation in Supernova Matter Facilitates Neutrino-driven Explosions
• Self-consistent 3D Supernova Models From -7 Minutes to +7 Seconds: a 1-bethe Explosion of a ~19 Solar-mass Progenitor
• A Successful 3D Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Model
• Equation-of-State Dependent Features in Shock-Oscillation Modulated Neutrino and Gravitational-Wave Signals from Supernovae
• The gravitational wave signal from core-collapse supernovae
• Gravitational Wave Signals from 3D Neutrino Hydrodynamics Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Self-sustained asymmetry of lepton-number emission: A new phenomenon during the supernova shock-accretion phase in three dimensions
• Muonic Boson Limits: Supernova Redux
• Fornax: a Flexible Code for Multiphysics Astrophysical Simulations
• Gravitational Waves from Core Collapse Supernovae
• Three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of the combustion of a neutron star into a quark star
• Neutrino emission characteristics and detection opportunities based on three-dimensional supernova simulations
• Global Comparison of Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations in Spherical Symmetry
• Dynamical r-process studies within the neutrino-driven wind scenario and its sensitivity to the nuclear physics input
• Three-Dimensional Supernova Explosion Simulations of 9-, 10-, 11-, 12-, and 13-M${}_{\odot }$ Stars
• Rotation-supported Neutrino-driven Supernova Explosions in Three Dimensions and the Critical Luminosity Condition
• Improved constrained scheme for the Einstein equations: An approach to the uniqueness issue
• Three-dimensional Models of Core-collapse Supernovae From Low-mass Progenitors With Implications for Crab
• Parametrized 3D models of neutrino-driven supernova explosions: Neutrino emission asymmetries and gravitational-wave signals
• Dynamics of shock propagation and nucleosynthesis conditions in O-Ne-Mg core supernovae
• Progenitor-dependent Explosion Dynamics in Self-consistent, Axisymmetric Simulations of Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernovae
• Electron-Capture and Low-Mass Iron-Core-Collapse Supernovae: New Neutrino-Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulations
• Crucial Physical Dependencies of the Core-Collapse Supernova Mechanism
• Magnetorotational core collapse of possible GRB progenitors. I. Explosion mechanisms
• A New Multi-Energy Neutrino Radiation-Hydrodynamics Code in Full General Relativity and Its Application to Gravitational Collapse of Massive Stars
• The influence of model parameters on the prediction of gravitational wave signals from stellar core collapse
• Neutrino signature of supernova hydrodynamical instabilities in three dimensions
• Gravitational waves from three-dimensional core-collapse supernova models: The impact of moderate progenitor rotation
• Two Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport
• Temporal and Angular Variations of 3D Core-Collapse Supernova Emissions and their Physical Correlations
• Simulating Turbulence-aided Neutrino-driven Core-collapse Supernova Explosions in One Dimension
• Flavor-dependent neutrino angular distribution in core-collapse supernovae
• Axisymmetric simulations of magnetorotational core collapse: Approximate inclusion of general relativistic effects
• Magnetic field amplification and magnetically supported explosions of collapsing, non-rotating stellar cores
• GRMHD in axisymmetric dynamical spacetimes: the X-ECHO code
• Probing the neutrino mass hierarchy with the rise time of a supernova burst
• Hydrodynamical Neutron-star Kicks in Electron-capture Supernovae and Implications for the CRAB Supernova
• Revival of the Fittest: Exploding Core-Collapse Supernovae from 12 to 25 M${}_{\odot }$
• Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations with Multi-Dimensional Neutrino Transport Compared to the Ray-by-Ray-plus Approximation
• Towards asteroseismology of core-collapse supernovae with gravitational-wave observations - II. Spacetime perturbations
• Effects of Inelastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Supernova Dynamics and Radiated Neutrino Spectra
• Fast Neutrino Flavor Conversion in Core-Collapse Supernovae: A Parametric Study in 1D Models
• Universal relations for gravitational-wave asteroseismology of proto-neutron stars
• Core-collapse supernova simulations in one and two dimensions: comparison of codes and approximations
• Fast time variations of supernova neutrino fluxes and their detectability
• Neutrino Emission from Supernovae
• Equation of State Dependent Dynamics and Multimessenger Signals from Stellar-mass Black Hole Formation
• Gravitational waves from 3D MHD core collapse simulations
• Magnetorotational core collapse of possible GRB progenitors. II. Formation of protomagnetars and collapsars
• Inferring Core-Collapse Supernova Physics with Gravitational Waves
• Supernova Model Discrimination with Hyper-Kamiokande
• Theoretical Support for the Hydrodynamic Mechanism of Pulsar Kicks
• Should One Use the Ray-by-Ray Approximation in Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations?
• Impact of Neutrino Opacities on Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations
• End-to-end kilonova models of neutron-star mergers with delayed black-hole formation
• Neutrino emission characteristics of black hole formation in three-dimensional simulations of stellar collapse
• A Detailed Comparison of Multi-Dimensional Boltzmann Neutrino Transport Methods in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• The Collapse and Three-Dimensional Explosion of Three-Dimensional, vis à vis One-Dimensional, Massive-star Supernova Progenitor Models
• Implications for Post-Processing Nucleosynthesis of Core-Collapse Supernova Models with Lagrangian Particles
• Equation of State Dependence of Gravitational Waves in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Supernova Simulations Confront SN 1987A Neutrinos
• Nucleosynthesis in magneto-rotational supernovae
• Fast neutrino flavor conversions in one-dimensional core-collapse supernova models with and without muon creation
• Towards an Understanding of the Resolution Dependence of Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations
• Production of keV Sterile Neutrinos in Supernovae: New Constraints and Gamma Ray Observables
• Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background from extensive core-collapse simulations of $8$-$100{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ progenitors
• Chimera: A massively parallel code for core-collapse supernova simulation
• Equation of State and Progenitor Dependence of Stellar-Mass Black-Hole Formation
• Effects of LESA in Three-Dimensional Supernova Simulations with Multi-Dimensional and Ray-by-Ray-plus Neutrino Transport
• Stellar Mass Black Hole Formation and Multi-messenger Signals from Three Dimensional Rotating Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations
• The impact of non-dipolar magnetic fields in core-collapse supernovae
• Gravitational-wave Signature of a First-order Quantum Chromodynamics Phase Transition in Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Neutrino viscosity and drag: impact on the magnetorotational instability in protoneutron stars
• Binary-Stripped Stars as Core-Collapse Supernovae Progenitors
• Inference of proto-neutron star properties from gravitational-wave data in core-collapse supernovae
• Three-dimensional core-collapse supernovae with complex magnetic structures: I. Explosion dynamics
• Three-dimensional simulation of a core-collapse supernova for a binary star progenitor of SN 1987A
• A New Gravitational Wave Signature of Low-$T/|W|$ Instability in Rapidly Rotating Stellar Core Collapse
• Universal relation for supernova gravitational waves
• Neutrinos and nucleosynthesis of elements
• A Semi-relativistic Model for Tidal Interactions in BH-NS Coalescing Binaries
• Nucleosynthesis-relevant conditions in neutrino-driven supernova outflows. II. The reverse shock in two-dimensional simulations
• Supernova neutrino signals based on long-term axisymmetric simulations
• Core collapse with magnetic fields and rotation
• Possible effects of collective neutrino oscillations in the three flavor multi-angle simulations on supernova $\nu p$ process
• Equilibrium Configurations of Strongly Magnetized Neutron Stars with Realistic Equations of State
• Magnetorotational core collapse of possible GRB progenitors. IV. A wider range of progenitors
• R-process viable outflows are suppressed in global alpha-viscosity models of collapsar disks
• Accuracy of relativistic Cowling approximation in protoneutron star asteroseismology
• Core-collapse supernovae in the hall of mirrors. A three-dimensional code-comparison project
• Toward connecting core-collapse supernova theory with observations: I. Shock revival in a 15 Msun blue supergiant progenitor with SN 1987A energetics
• The physics of Core-Collapse Supernovae: explosion mechanism and explosive nucleosynthesis
• Features of Accretion-phase Gravitational-wave Emission from Two-dimensional Rotating Core-collapse Supernovae
• Interplay Between Neutrino Kicks and Hydrodynamic Kicks of Neutron Stars and Black Holes
• Impact of binary interactions on the diffuse supernova neutrino background
• Neutrino Signals of Core-Collapse Supernovae in Underground Detectors
• Three-dimensional core-collapse supernovae with complex magnetic structures: II. Rotational instabilities and multi-messenger signatures
• Heavy sterile neutrinos in stellar core-collapse
• Resolution Study for Three-dimensional Supernova Simulations with the Prometheus-Vertex Code
• The Impact of Different Neutrino Transport Methods on Multidimensional Core-collapse Supernova Simulations
• Insights into non-axisymmetric instabilities in three-dimensional rotating supernova models with neutrino and gravitational-wave signatures
• Neutron star collapse and gravitational waves with a non-convex equation of state
• Determining the Structure of Rotating Massive Stellar Cores with Gravitational Waves
• 3D Simulations of Strongly Magnetised Non-Rotating Supernovae: Explosion Dynamics and Remnant Properties
• Gravitational-wave Signals From Three-dimensional Supernova Simulations With Different Neutrino-Transport Methods
• Multimessenger Asteroseismology of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Gravitational waves from supernova matter
• Applications of Machine Learning to Predicting Core-collapse Supernova Explosion Outcomes
• Two-dimensional numerical study for magnetic field dependence of neutrino-driven core-collapse supernova models
• General Relativistic Neutrino-Driven Turbulence in One-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernovae
• A Novel Multi-Dimensional Boltzmann Neutrino Transport Scheme for Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Accretion-Induced Collapse of Dark Matter Admixed White Dwarfs -- I: Formation of Low-mass Neutron Stars
• Reaction Rate Sensitivity of the Production of $\gamma$-ray Emitting Isotopes in Core-Collapse Supernova
• General-relativistic radiation transport scheme in $\text{Gmunu}$ I: Implementation of two-moment based multi-frequency radiative transfer and code tests
• A Comparison of 2D Magnetohydrodynamic Supernova Simulations with the CoCoNuT-FMT and Aenus-Alcar Codes
• Effects of QCD phase transition on gravitational radiation from two-dimensional collapse and bounce of massive stars
• Efficient estimation method for time evolution of proto-neutron star mass and radius from supernova neutrino signal
• NADA-FLD: A General Relativistic, Multi-dimensional Neutrino-hydrodynamics Code Employing Flux-limited Diffusion
• The Gravitational Wave Signature of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Probing Late Neutrino Mass Properties with Supernova Neutrinos
• From Supernovae to Neutron Stars: A Systematic Approach to Axion Production at Finite Density
• Long-term gravitational wave asteroseismology of supernova: from core collapse to 20 seconds postbounce
• Universality in supernova gravitational waves with proto-neutron star properties
• Tracer particles for core-collapse supernova nucleosynthesis: The advantages of moving backward
• Nuclear physics with spherically symmetric supernova models
• Dynamical Instability of Gaseous Sphere in the Reissner-Nordstrom Limit
• Gray Two-moment Neutrino Transport: Comprehensive Tests and Improvements for Supernova Simulations
• A Comprehensive Analysis of the Gravitational Wave Events with the Hilbert-Huang Transform: From Compact Binary Coalescence to Supernova
• Consistent perturbative modeling of pseudo-Newtonian core-collapse supernova simulations
• Neutron stars formation and Core Collapse Supernovae
• Impact of Rotation on Neutrino Emission and Relic Neutrino Background from Population III Stars
• Multi-messenger observations of core-collapse supernovae: Exploiting the standing accretion shock instability
• Towards an accurate description of an accretion induced collapse and the associated ejected mass
• Unveiling the Nature of Gravitational-Wave Emission in Core-collapse Supernovae with Perturbative Analysis
• Black Hole Supernovae, their Equation of State Dependence and Ejecta Composition
• Magnetorotational neutron star kicks
• Dynamical Instability of Charged Gaseous Cylinder
• Accretion-Induced Collapse of Dark Matter Admixed White Dwarfs -- II: Rotation and Gravitational-wave Signals
• Impact of Rotation on the Multimessenger Signatures of a Hadron-quark Phase Transition in Core-collapse Supernovae
• On the Possibility to Determine Neutrino Mass Hierarchy via Supernova Neutrinos with Short-Time Characteristics
• Progenitor Dependence of Neutrino-driven Supernova Explosions with the Aid of Heavy Axion-like Particles
• Exploring the relativistic regime with Newtonian hydrodynamics: II. An effective gravitational potential for rapid rotation
• Evaluating Machine Learning Models for Supernova Gravitational Wave Signal Classification
• A Black-Hole Excision Scheme for General Relativistic Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations
• A Neutrino-Driven Core Collapse Supernova Explosion of a 15 M Star
• Parallelized Solution Method of the Three-dimensional Gravitational Potential on the Yin-Yang Grid
• Comparison of Electron Capture Rates in the N=50 Region using 1D Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae
• $g$-mode of neutron stars in pseudo-Newtonian gravity
• Effects of multidimensional treatment of gravity in simulations on supernova gravitational waves
• A unified perspective on Poincaré and Galilei relativity: I. Special relativity
• Multi-dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations with Neutrino Transport
• An Investigation into Surface Temperature Distributions of High-B Pulsars
• On the character of turbulence in self-consistent models of core-collapse supernovae
• Neutron star oscillations in pseudo-Newtonian gravity
• Resonant amplification of multimessenger emission in rotating stellar core collapse
• Toward First-Principles Multi-Messenger Predictions: Coupling Nuclear Networks with GR Radiation-MHD in {\tt Gmunu}
• Time integration for neutrino radiation transport using minimally implicit Runge-Kutta methods
• libyt: an In Situ Interface Connecting Simulations with yt, Python, and Jupyter Workflows
• GenASiS: General Astrophysical Simulation System. II. Self-gravitating Baryonic Matter
• Neutrino-driven wind and wind termination shock in supernova cores
• Neutrino Driven Explosions aided by Axion Cooling in Multidimensional Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Stellar Core-Collapse Events
• Efficient approximations of neutrino physics for three-dimensional simulations of stellar core collapse