Testing Realistic $SO(10)$ SUSY GUTs with Proton Decay and Gravitational Waves

Abstract

We present a comprehensive analysis of a supersymmetric $SO(10)$ Grand Unified Theory, which is broken to the Standard Model via the breaking of two intermediate symmetries. The spontaneous breaking of the first intermediate symmetry, $B-L$, leads to the generation of cosmic strings and right-handed neutrino masses and further to an observable cosmological background of gravitational waves and generation of light neutrino masses via type-I seesaw mechanism. Supersymmetry breaking manifests as sparticle masses below the $B-L$ breaking but far above the electroweak scale due to proton decay limits. This naturally pushes the $B-L$ breaking scale close to the GUT scale, leading to the formation of metastable cosmic strings, which can provide a gravitational wave spectrum consistent with the recent Pulsar Timing Arrays observation. We perform a detailed analysis of this model using two-loop renormalisation group equations, including threshold corrections, to determine the symmetry-breaking scale consistent with the recent Pulsar Timing Arrays signals such as NANOGrav 15-year data and testable by the next-generation limits on proton decay from Hyper-K and JUNO. Simultaneously, we find the regions of the model parameter space that can predict the measured quark and lepton masses and mixing, baryon asymmetry of our Universe, a viable dark matter candidate and can be tested by a combination of neutrinoless double beta decay searches and limits on the sum of neutrinos masses.

15 pages, 6 figures

References in corpus (25)

• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-Wave Background
• Search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Searching for the nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave background with the Chinese Pulsar Timing Array Data Release I
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array III. Search for gravitational wave signals
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Search for Signals from New Physics
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Constraints on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from the Gravitational Wave Background
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array I. The dataset and timing analysis
• The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array Third Data Release
• Neutralino Dark Matter at 14 and 100 TeV
• The gravitational-wave background null hypothesis: Characterizing noise in millisecond pulsar arrival times with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• The NANOGrav 15-Year Data Set: Detector Characterization and Noise Budget
• Search for Proton Decay via $p\to \nu K^{+}$ using 260 kiloton$\cdot$year data of Super-Kamiokande
• Magnetic Monopole Dynamics, Supersymmetry, and Duality
• Fermion Masses in SO(10) Models
• TeV gamma-rays and the largest masses and annihilation cross sections of neutralino dark matter
• Primordial gravitational waves in the nano-Hertz regime and PTA data -- towards solving the GW inverse problem
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array II. Customised pulsar noise models for spatially correlated gravitational waves
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array: VI. Challenging the ultralight dark matter paradigm
• Different SO(10) Paths to Fermion Masses and Mixings
• Fermion masses and mixings in a renormalizable SO(10) x Z_2 GUT
• The spontaneous breaking of a metastable string
• A renormalizable SO(10) GUT scenario with spontaneous CP violation
• A Predictive and Testable Unified Theory of Fermion Masses, Mixing and Leptogenesis
• Probing Minimal Grand Unification through Gravitational Waves, Proton Decay, and Fermion Masses
• ULYSSES, Universal LeptogeneSiS Equation Solver: version 2

Cited by in corpus (16)

• Inflation, superheavy metastable strings and gravitational waves in non-supersymmetric flipped SU(5)
• Upper Bound on Thermal Gravitational Wave Backgrounds from Hidden Sectors
• Probing Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background from $SU(5)\times U(1{)}_{\chi }$ Strings in Light of NANOGrav 15-Year Data
• Revised bounds on local cosmic strings from NANOGrav observations
• PeV-Scale SUSY and Cosmic Strings from F-term Hybrid Inflation
• Revisiting Metastable Cosmic String Breaking
• Quantum tunneling in the early universe: Stable magnetic monopoles from metastable cosmic strings
• Superheavy Metastable Strings in SO(10)
• $\mu$-Hybrid Inflation and Metastable Cosmic Strings in $\mathbf{SU}(3{)}_{\mathbf{c}}\times \mathbf{SU}(2{)}_{\mathbf{L}}\times \mathbf{SU}(2{)}_{\mathbf{R}}\times \mathbf{U}(1{)}_{\mathbf{B}-\mathbf{L}}$
• Gravitational waves from cosmic strings in Froggatt-Nielsen flavour models
• Gravitational Waves of GUT Phase Transition during Inflation
• Non-Abelian Domain Walls and Gravitational Waves
• Complementarity between Cosmic String Gravitational Waves and long-lived particle searches in a laboratory
• Inflation, Proton Decay and Gravitational Waves from Metastable Strings in $SU(4{)}_C\times SU(2{)}_L\times U(1{)}_R$ Model
• Fermion masses and mixing in SO(10) GUT with a universal two-zero texture
• Metastable cosmic strings are broken at the start