Mirror QCD phase transition as the origin of the nanohertz Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background

Abstract

Several Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have recently provided strong evidence for a nHz Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background (SGWB). Here we investigate the implications of a first-order phase transition occurring within the early universe's dark quantum chromodynamics (dQCD) epoch, specifically within the framework of the mirror twin Higgs dark sector model. Our analysis indicates a distinguishable SGWB signal originating from this phase transition, which can explain the measurements obtained by PTAs. Remarkably, a significant portion of the parameter space for the SGWB signal also effectively resolves the existing tensions in both the $H_0$ and $S_8$ measurements in Cosmology. This intriguing correlation suggests a possible common origin of these three phenomena for $0.2<\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}<0.5$, where the mirror dark matter component constitutes about $30\%$ of the total dark matter abundance. Next generation CMB experiment such as CMB-S4 is able to test this parameter region.

7 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (30)

• In the Realm of the Hubble tension $-$ a Review of Solutions
• The order of the quantum chromodynamics transition predicted by the standard model of particle physics
• The NANOGrav 15-year Data Set: Evidence for a Gravitational-Wave Background
• Search for an isotropic gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
• Searching for the nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave background with the Chinese Pulsar Timing Array Data Release I
• The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array III. Search for gravitational wave signals
• The NANOGrav 12.5-year Data Set: Search For An Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background
• Cosmic Distances Calibrated to 1% Precision with Gaia EDR3 Parallaxes and Hubble Space Telescope Photometry of 75 Milky Way Cepheids Confirm Tension with LambdaCDM
• Gravitational-wave sensitivity curves
• On the evidence for a common-spectrum process in the search for the nanohertz gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
• Gravitational wave generation from bubble collisions in first-order phase transitions: an analytic approach
• Common-red-signal analysis with 24-yr high-precision timing of the European Pulsar Timing Array: Inferences in the stochastic gravitational-wave background search
• Cosmological phase transitions: from perturbative particle physics to gravitational waves
• Inflationary interpretation of the stochastic gravitational wave background signal detected by pulsar timing array experiments
• Chiral phase boundary of QCD at finite temperature
• NANOGrav Signal from the End of Inflation and the LIGO Mass and Heavier Primordial Black Holes
• Searching For Gravitational Waves From Cosmological Phase Transitions With The NANOGrav 12.5-year dataset
• Detectability of Gravitational Waves from Phase Transitions
• Minimal Mirror Twin Higgs
• The nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic string loops and the abundant high redshift massive galaxies
• Have pulsar timing array methods detected a cosmological phase transition?
• Mirror Twin Higgs Cosmology: Constraints and a Possible Resolution to the $H_0$ and $S_8$ Tensions
• Cosmological Constraints on First-Order Phase Transitions
• A quasar-based supermassive black hole binary population model: implications for the gravitational-wave background
• Dark QCD Matters
• Low temperature electroweak phase transition in the Standard Model with hidden scale invariance
• Have Pulsar Timing Arrays detected the Hot Big Bang? Gravitational Waves from Strong First Order Phase Transitions in the Early Universe
• Exploring Mirror Twin Higgs Cosmology with Present and Future Weak Lensing Surveys
• First-order phase transitions in Twin Higgs models

Cited by in corpus (21)

• Scalar induced gravitational waves in light of Pulsar Timing Array data
• Supercooling in Radiative Symmetry Breaking: Theory Extensions, Gravitational Wave Detection and Primordial Black Holes
• Can supercooled phase transitions explain the gravitational wave background observed by pulsar timing arrays?
• Did we hear the sound of the Universe boiling? Analysis using the full fluid velocity profiles and NANOGrav 15-year data
• Realisation of the ultra-slow roll phase in Galileon inflation and PBH overproduction
• Dark sector searches with the CMS experiment
• Bounds on Ultralight Dark Matter from NANOGrav
• Large fluctuations and Primordial Black Holes
• Enhancement of gravitational waves at Q-ball decay including non-linear density perturbations
• Obviating PBH overproduction for SIGWs generated by Pulsar Timing Arrays in loop corrected EFT of bounce
• Prospects for Taiji to detect a gravitational-wave background from cosmic strings
• Can we distinguish the adiabatic fluctuations and isocurvature fluctuations with pulsar timing arrays?
• Untangling PBH overproduction in $w$-SIGWs generated by Pulsar Timing Arrays for MST-EFT of single field inflation
• Constraining the impact of standard model phase transitions on primordial black holes
• Search for light long-lived particles decaying to displaced jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
• Constraining string cosmology with the gravitational-wave background using the NANOGrav 15-year data set
• Detecting a Gravitational-Wave Background from Inflation with Null Energy Condition Violation: Prospects for Taiji
• Interplay between the muon $g-2$ anomaly and the PTA nHZ gravitational waves from domain walls in next-to minimal supersymmetric standard model
• Dark Matter Spike surrounding Supermassive Black Holes Binary and the Nanohertz Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background
• Thermal evolution of dark matter and gravitational-wave production in the early universe from a symplectic glueball model
• Review of Neutral Naturalness