Navigating the 16-dimensional Hilbert space of a high-spin donor qudit with electric and magnetic fields

Abstract

Efficient scaling and flexible control are key aspects of useful quantum computing hardware. Spins in semiconductors combine quantum information processing with electrons, holes or nuclei, control with electric or magnetic fields, and scalable coupling via exchange or dipole interaction. However, accessing large Hilbert space dimensions has remained challenging, due to the short-distance nature of the interactions. Here, we present an atom-based semiconductor platform where a 16-dimensional Hilbert space is built by the combined electron-nuclear states of a single antimony donor in silicon. We demonstrate the ability to navigate this large Hilbert space using both electric and magnetic fields, with gate fidelity exceeding 99.8% on the nuclear spin, and unveil fine details of the system Hamiltonian and its susceptibility to control and noise fields. These results establish high-spin donors as a rich platform for practical quantum information and to explore quantum foundations.

31 pages and 19 figures including Supplementary Materials

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Cited by in corpus (27)

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• Roadmap on Atomic-scale Semiconductor Devices
• Demonstrating experimentally the encoding and dynamics of an error-correctable logical qubit on a hyperfine-coupled nuclear spin qudit
• Nuclear Spin Engineering for Quantum Information Science
• Synthetic high angular momentum spin dynamics in a microwave oscillator
• Certifying the quantumness of a nuclear spin qudit through its uniform precession
• Randomised benchmarking for universal qudit gates
• Certification of genuine multipartite entanglement in spin ensembles with measurements of total angular momentum
• Designing quantum error correction codes for practical spin qudit
• Qudit vs. Qubit: Simulated performance of error correction codes in higher dimensions
• Optimal Control of Spin Qudits Subject to Decoherence Using Amplitude-and-Frequency-Constrained Pulses
• Fusion for High-Dimensional Linear Optical Quantum Computing with Improved Success Probability
• A Mathematical Structure for Amplitude-Mixing Error-Transparent Gates for Binomial Codes
• Quantum error correction beyond $SU(2)$: spin, bosonic, and permutation-invariant codes from convex geometry
• Probing nonlocal correlations in magnetic rare-earth clusters
• Comparing Schemes for Creating Qudit Graph States from 16- & 128-dimensional Hilbert Space using Donors in Silicon
• Qubit-qudit entanglement transfer in defect centers with high-spin nuclei
• Coupling a ${}^{73}$Ge nuclear spin to an electrostatically defined quantum dot
• Strained Donor-Bound Excitons in ${}^{28}$Si
• Quantum Storage of Qubits in an Array of Independently Controllable Solid-State Quantum Memories
• Fault-Tolerant Encoding of Logical Qudits in Spin Systems
• Near-deterministic photon entanglement from a spin qudit in silicon using third quantisation
• Maximizing the nondemolition nature of a quantum measurement via an adaptive readout protocol
• Scalable platform for qudit-based quantum computing using polar molecules
• Qudit encoding in Rydberg blockaded arrays of atoms