Error channels in quantum nondemolition measurements on spin systems

Abstract

Quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements are a precious resource for quantum information processing. Repetitive QND measurements can boost the fidelity of qubit preparation and measurement, even when the underlying single-shot measurements are of low fidelity. However, this fidelity boost is limited by the degree in which the physical system allows for a truly QND process -- slight deviations from ideal QND measurement result in bit flip errors (`quantum jumps') if the measurement is repeated too often. Here, we develop a theoretical framework to understand and quantify the resulting error arising from deviation from perfect QND measurement in model spin qubit systems. We first develop our model on the ubiquitous example of exchange-coupled electron spins qubits tunnel-coupled to a charge reservoir. We then extend it to electron-nuclear spin systems, to illustrate the crucial similarities and differences between the two limits. Applied to the well-understood platform of a donor nuclear spin in silicon, the model shows excellent agreement with experiments. For added generality, we conclude the work by considering the effect of anisotropic spin couplings.

References in corpus (44)

• Supplementary information for "Quantum supremacy using a programmable superconducting processor"
• Charge insensitive qubit design derived from the Cooper pair box
• Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
• Single-shot read-out of an individual electron spin in a quantum dot
• Quantum Error Correction for Quantum Memories
• Strong quantum computational advantage using a superconducting quantum processor
• Single-shot readout of an electron spin in silicon
• High-fidelity projective readout of a solid-state spin quantum register
• Storing quantum information for 30 seconds in a nanoelectronic device
• Interfacing spin qubits in quantum dots and donors - hot, dense and coherent
• Approaching Unit Visibility for Control of a Superconducting Qubit with Dispersive Readout
• Quantum CNOT Gate for Spins in Silicon
• Theory of the spin bath
• High-fidelity readout and control of a nuclear spin qubit in silicon
• A Coherent Spin-Photon Interface in Silicon
• Universal control of a six-qubit quantum processor in silicon
• Strong spin-photon coupling in silicon
• Fidelity benchmarks for two-qubit gates in silicon
• Observation of quantum jumps in a superconducting artificial atom
• Quantum trajectory approach to circuit QED: Quantum jumps and the Zeno effect
• Entanglement and control of single quantum memories in isotopically engineered silicon carbide
• Dark states of single NV centers in diamond unraveled by single shot NMR
• Benchmarking Gate Fidelities in a Si/SiGe Two-Qubit Device
• Transport through a double quantum dot in the sequential- and co- tunneling regimes
• Single-shot readout of multiple nuclear spin qubits in diamond under ambient conditions
• Architecture for high-sensitivity single-shot readout and control of the electron spin of individual donors in silicon
• Entanglement of solid-state qubits by measurement
• Donor spins in silicon for quantum technologies
• A silicon quantum-dot-coupled nuclear spin qubit
• Repetitive single electron spin readout in silicon
• Nanoscale broadband transmission lines for spin qubit control
• Quantum nondemolition measurement of an electron spin qubit
• Coherent Control of a Single Silicon-29 Nuclear Spin Qubit
• Conditional quantum operation of two exchange-coupled single-donor spin qubits in a MOS-compatible silicon device
• Robust two-qubit gates for donors in silicon controlled by hyperfine interactions
• Repetitive quantum non-demolition measurement and soft decoding of a silicon spin qubit
• Addressable electron spin resonance using donors and donor molecules in silicon
• Controllable freezing of the nuclear spin bath in a single-atom spin qubit
• Electron spin relaxation of single phosphorus donors in metal-oxide-semiconductor nanoscale devices
• Probe and Control of the Reservoir Density of States in Single-Electron Devices
• Full configuration interaction simulations of exchange-coupled donors in silicon using multi-valley effective mass theory
• Beating the thermal limit of qubit initialization with a Bayesian Maxwell's demon
• Detection and measurement of spin-dependent dynamics in random telegraph signals
• The Zeeman and hyperfine interactions of a single ${}^{167}E{r}^{3+}$ ion in Si

Cited by in corpus (8)

• Navigating the 16-dimensional Hilbert space of a high-spin donor qudit with electric and magnetic fields
• Tomography of entangling two-qubit logic operations in exchange-coupled donor electron spin qubits
• Scalable entanglement of nuclear spins mediated by electron exchange
• Fusion for High-Dimensional Linear Optical Quantum Computing with Improved Success Probability
• Comparing Schemes for Creating Qudit Graph States from 16- & 128-dimensional Hilbert Space using Donors in Silicon
• Electron readout contrast enhancement in the parallel nuclear regime of an exchange-coupled donor spin qubit system
• Near-deterministic photon entanglement from a spin qudit in silicon using third quantisation
• Maximizing the nondemolition nature of a quantum measurement via an adaptive readout protocol